The need to ensure the environmental safety of Russia is
becoming increasingly important nowadays. The article
defines environmental security. The article defines the
role and the place of environmental security in the
national security system of the country. Understanding
the essence of environmental problems among
populations is a necessary step for the implementation of
environmental safety. We provide statistical data of
regions of Russia with a very difficult economic
situation, as well as the proportion of organizations
interested in environmental safety. We have proven
ecological degradation after the analysis of the
environment and proposed mechanisms of environmental
security. The study also reflects the need for changes in
the environmental consciousness of the population. The
article provides a rationale for the importance of
environmental education to ensure the ecological
security of the country during crisis. We reveal the
understanding of the fact that sustainable development of
Russia and national security will be provided only under
condition of preservation of natural systems and
appropriate support of the state. The article focuses on
the need to develop ways of improvement of legal
regulation in the field of environmental security of the
country. There is a need for public policy that should be
aimed at ensuring the environmental security of the
country. Therefore, environmental security is an
important component of national security, which might
become a national idea uniting the peoples of the
Russian Federation
The article discusses the monitoring of labor in the pilot organizations. The monitoring of labor indicates that nowadays it is particularly relevant to introduce organizational innovations in the field of staff remuneration in order to stimulate the proper production behavior. The article deals with the problems of innovative development of the employee’s motivation in an unstable economic development. The authors proposed the technique of information provision of the management staff with natural and value indices of labor resources generated in IFRS. An effective system of motivation of the personnel is of a particular importance in a turbulent economic environment, because in a competitive environment the employer views the staff as an essential resource that determines the success of economic market agents. The greatest attention should be paid to the staff training and saving valuable employees that enables organizations to achieve high financial results. The main aspect of the solution of many administrative decisions is a science-based system for obtaining timely, reliable and cost-effective information on the use of labor resources generated in the accounting and analytical base of the organization
The import substitution problem, that is replacements on the Russian commodity market of foreign production with domestic, is not new and periodically rises including the country leaders. In the first queue, import substitution connects with the solution of one of the main objectives of economy of Russia – its diversification. However, an attempt to develop complete policy of the power was made only after imposition of sanctions. So, it was told about need of overcoming critical dependence on foreign technologies and industrial output in the message of the Russian President to Federal Assembly at the end of 2014. The Russian President Vladimir Putin urged to use the situation developing in connection with sanctions for an exit to new boundaries of development and during "straight line" in April of the current year. Now, by estimates of the government, the import share in various industries of economy is extremely high. For example, Russia imports in civil aircraft construction more than 80% of accessories, in heavy engineering – about 70%, in the oil and gas equipment – 60%, in the energy equipment – about 50%, in agricultural mechanical engineering to dependences on category of products – from 50% to 90% of details etc. The opinion is popular that the moments, heavy for economy of Russia, connected with decrease in foreign demand for the raw materials delivered by Russia and natural devaluation of ruble are a peculiar window of opportunities for development of the domestic industry and deepening of import substitution. However, despite a number of the "successful" moments in this sense, is, for example, crises of 1998 and 2008, the state did not use them fully
One of the main criteria of efficiency technologies in livestock production is the level of the negative impact on the environment per unit of time, or volume of production. Intensification and specialization can significantly improve efficiency, but at the same time can increases the impact on agro-ecosystem. An important condition for the preservation of ecosystems is to find ways of using animal waste as a raw resource. The ecological balance can ensure the production of meat and dairy products for industrial technology in family farms of 50-200 cows and up to 10 thousand pigs. Economically advantageous to carry out the raw manure to a distance of no more than 10-15 km, which is achieved with a small population, when fully formed wastes are used to improve soil fertility. For large mega-complexes advisable to equip their facilities for the production of biogas and the use of covered manure storage. In its turn, to prevent infection of livestock production, bentonite clay should be used as sorbents. This technology content of the stomach-governmental and poultry should be humane with respect to them, environmentally safe for the ecosystem, cost-effective and competitiveness for producers, safe for consumer
In accordance with the Presidential Decree of 21
August 2012 â„– 1199 one of the 11 integrated
indicators of the activity of executive authorities is
the measure "real disposable income of the
population". For its calculation it is necessary to
measure the level of consumer prices. The article
presents the minimum consumer basket of
physiologically essential food products, designed in
1993 by the Institute of High Statistical
Technologies and Econometrics (IHSTE) based on
the initial data of the Institute of Nutrition of the
Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, and the
results of measuring the cost of the consumer basket
IHSTE and inflation index in 24 years (1993 -
2017). We discuss the application of the developed
tools in Controlling of the level of consumer prices
and living wage. According to M. Orshansky, living
wage can be estimated by multiplying the cost of the
minimum food basket by a factor which is equal to
the quotient of all costs to the costs of food costs for
a poor family. This work is aimed at the elimination
of the monopoly of Rosstat in the calculation of
indices of inflation, the living wage and the real
disposable income of the population. The methods
of the measurement and the use of inflation
constitute an important part of training courses in
econometrics, which are taught in the context of the
scientific-educational complex "Engineering
Business and Management" of the Baumann
Moscow State Technical University. Nobel Laureate
in Economics Vasiliy Leontiev thought that only 1%
of economists analyze the newly collected data, 30%
use the data contained in the publications of
predecessors, and the rest did not turn in their
arguments to the real world. This work belongs to
the 1% of publications (which analyzes the newly
collected data), about which Vasiliy Leontiev wrote
In the article, problems of Agro-industrial complex of
Russia in the conditions of economic sanctions are
considered. External and internal circumstances,
which influence the solution of ensuring food
security’s problems of the state, are examined. In
particular, Russia's accession to the World Trade
Organization and participation in regional integration
associations on economic space of the CIS is
considered. The analysis of the Russian Federation’s
participation in the Eurasian Economic Union is
carried out. Need of import substitution agricultural
production is considered. System problems in the
agrarian sphere of economy and difficult internal
macroeconomic conditions are analyzed. In this
article, we perform an analysis of agricultural
production on categories of farms in the Russian
Federation for 2013-2015. The conclusion is drawn
that in farms of all categories intensive growth is
observed. Following the results of 2015, the level of
food security, which was reached in previous years,
remains. At the same time, threshold values, which are
established by Doctrine to food security, are exceeded.
On grain: 99,1% against 95%, on potatoes - 97,2%
against 95%, on sugar - 93,5% against 80% and on
vegetable oil - 84,3% against 80%. In the article, the
analysis of main types of import-substituting food
products’ production is carried out to the Russian
Federation for 2013-2015. Trade and investment
communications of the Russian Federation’s agroindustrial
complex for this period are studied. The
valid conclusion about positive tendencies in these
directions is given. The influence of the anti-Russian
sanctions on financial and investment conditions of
Russian agro-industrial complex’s development was
analyzed. In the article, ways of food security
strengthening of the state and processes of import
substitution are offered: optimization the forms and
mechanisms of agricultural industry’s state support,
innovative development of branch, increase in
availability of credit resources to agricultural
producers, preparation and involvement of qualified
personnel for agricultural industry, to improve the social living conditions in the village and state
regulation of the agricultural markets. The conclusion
is drawn that the problem of Russian ensuring food
security in the conditions of sanctions has to be solved
on the basis of intelligent long-term and system
decisions, on the basis of a research and
implementation of the effective long-term strategy to
develop the agricultural industry
Accounting science in the conditions of globalization
of economic relations, the continuing growth in the
volume of trade, the development of economic ties,
tools, implementation of financial and economic
relations cannot remain within the achieved level of its
theoretical foundations. Accounting should not
become an obstacle to the implementation of the
provisions of the economic growth of the business
entity. The same can be said about the currently used
mechanisms of control of economic relations and
taxation. In this regard, and taking into account the
development of techniques for automated data
exchange there is an objective need for the
development of Agency in the formation,
generalization and analysis of accounting information.
The article describes some trends in the development
of accounting theory, defined by the concepts of user
agent uniform accounting and space as a technique of
improving the accounting system. We have defined
roles and functions of the user agents, their place in a
single user space. The authors justified the proposal by
the movement of accounting information in modern
conditions of globalization of accounting procedures.
The article has proposed mechanisms of recording and
summarizing information on individual areas of
accounting and taxation. We have also defined roles
and methods of participation of various economic
actors in the scope of the proposed mechanism of
functioning of the unified accounting space
International Financial Reporting Standards of public
sector increase quality of financial statements of the
organizations of a public sector that leads to more
reasonable decisions in the sphere of distribution of
public resources, increasing transparency and the
accountability of public authorities. In the article the
sense of application of IFRS public sector is
characterized, the assessment of methods of the
budgetary account and the conclusion about
advantages and difficulties of introduction of
International Financial Reporting Standards public
sector are given
Availability of selling channels is the key to further
successful development of subjects of small agrarian
farms. Today, the share of large chain retailers continues
to grow, breaking the 25% bar of all retail
sales, and the share of agricultural markets and fairs
reduced by reason of redundancy for the control and
regulation of trade. Recent monitoring revealed that
prices of cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, potatoes, onions,
and beets at agricultural fairs were 15-20%
lower than in stores. So, if to destroy small market
infrastructure, the peasant farm, personal subsidiary
and other small agricultural production, provision of
their products to local farm markets just dies. However,
agricultural markets are waiting for bad changes
– they will be obliged to work only indoor, in
permanent buildings. Agricultural markets, which
can not cope with the implementation of the new
law, will be forced to close, to withdraw from the
market. The authors predict that the closing of small
markets will lead to a rise in price of foods on the
average on 15% and believe the decision of postponing
the implementation of the law to 2010 is correct,
including transferring territorial authorities the right
to carry agricultural markets in capital structures,
allocation to mobile trading in a separate category
with a simplified procedure of regulation, and making
transparent and unified principles of regulation of
non-stationary trade
The article considers specific obstacles (traps) which
can occur during the embedding of the corporate
capital in a changeable economic system of Russia.
The author reveals the causes and consequences of
emergence traps in the development of corporate
capital, among which are: the rapid transformation of
the financial component of economic relations and
prolonged elevation of power over the property, the
unpredictability and variability of economic policy,
institutional deformation, resulting in scarcity of
necessary resources for the development of corporate
capital and embedding it in the flow of change, lack of
trust entities to the policies of the state, «manual
economy». The aim of the study is an in-depth search
of potential possibilities of corporate capital and the
ways out of the formed on the system of socioeconomic
transformations of the pitfalls of
development. In the process of research, the author
used the cognitive capabilities of the system approach,
institutional theory, and the conceptual provisions of
politico-economic and evolutionary theories. The
study was conducted with the help of dialectical,
empirical, historical, logical, structural methods