This article discusses the problem of constructing a
General scientific theory. This examines the theoretical
foundations of science and scientific criteria; the study
considers the current situation in science in the context
of the problem of constructing a General scientific
theory
The aim of the article is to demonstrate binarism as a
method of theoretical perception. First of all, the
authors define the initial concept of binarism as a
principle of differentiating binary oppositions which
came from philology into other sciences. Then, they
stipulate the application conditions of binarism as a
methodological principle, namely, both members of
the opposition are stipulated, however, reasoning
should not contain such logical mistakes as ‘defining
through negation’ and ‘range of evidence’.
Subsequently, logic of description is connected with
stipulation of the ‘life’ concept, first, philosophically,
then, using propositions of some natural sciences,
namely, biological and, further on, physical and
astrophysical definitions. Every time the authors use
binary principle in describing these propositions. So,
every time it becomes evident that if death can be
defined as absence of life, the concept of life requires
another approach, based on positive statements, which
is also hard to do as it leads the researchers to the limit
‘nothing’ – ‘everything’; ‘not being’ – ‘being’. The
results of the article have double nature. As the aim of
the investigation was to demonstrate application
features of the definite methodological principle,
representation of the material may be considered as
the aim achievement. In addition, in the concluding
part the authors draw a line, formulating theoretical
propositions, which concern both natural science and
philosophical argumentation
Hereby we substantiate the necessity of social
philosophical analysis of power phenomena as due to
power relations' change a human being and his values
also transform. A knowledge convertation into power
recourse has become a reason for authority
humanization and democracy thus leading to total
humans enslavement. People's intentions in aims
achievement, their effectiveness and high level of
organization let the authority not only manage them
but also produce «obedient bodies». The authority area
or in other words «focused» territory, or already
experienced human activities and existing terms grow
and widens. New social benefits and mobile shapes
disconnected with «place» and territory appear. Thus,
the «authority deterritorization» leads to the
responsibility refusal for any actions and effective
management consequences. New authority shapes start
being exhibited as total control abolishment, where a
person gains absolute choice of freedom solving his
vital problems but without being supplied with choice
bases. In today's world an authority, whose mission is
to protect humans from anarchy, chooses risk as a new
management paradigm. The mentioned reasons' entity
depersonalizes the power relations where not only
subordinates but also authorities become impersonal,
where «authority subjects disappear». The
contemporary authority research works by Alvin
Toffler, Michel Foucault, Sigmund Bauman, focusing
at power relations, determine the authority nature as an
indefinite, newly shape taking and remoted from its
final research definition
This article represents experience of a reflection over
theoretical prerequisites of phenomenological and
system approaches to a problem of forecasting of
social reality. An object of research are the principle of
multidimensionality of social reality in aspect of a
determinism and indeterminism of social processes,
and also the principle of causal asymmetry of time
acting as the ontologic basis of multidimensionality of
reality. It is claimed, that at the heart of statement of
the major philosophical problems there is an
experience of a touch to a phenomenon of
multidimensionality of reality. Multidimensionality of
reality is shown as a dependence of fundamental
characteristics on the level of theoretical generalization
and an intentionality of the consciousness registering
reality in its existence. The hypothesis of
multidimensionality of social reality assumes that
social processes can be described and as strictly
determined, predicted and as depending on a free will
of the person depending on the level of theoretical
generalization at which they are considered. The
principle of causal asymmetry of time is a form of
multidimensionality of time and a condition of
multidimensionality of process, including social. At
the heart of causal asymmetry of time, there is a
systemacity of time, not reducibility of time neither to
consciousness, nor to life. It is shown that is
impossible differently as through the synthesizing
activity of consciousness, to connect together two
senses, equally directly related at the right time:
duration keeping time in some equal unity of the
moments and the variability, change of times
expressing ontologic exclusiveness of the present
moment. Multidimensionality and asymmetry of time
can be considered as theoretical prerequisites of
phenomenological and system approach to a problem of social forecasting
The article raises the issue related with some functioning features of modern science. Special attention is paid to the process of interaction between science, production and education. The science role in reproduction and development of modern productive forces is in creating the productive forces in the form of knowledge and transfer them from this form into real factors of material production. This process is carried out by implementing in the material production technical, technological and nontechnical innovations through the system (or canal) of implementation by the reproduction of qualitative features of the human resources in the system of general, special and higher professional education. It is should be noted that in modern globalization conditions both production means, human resources and social productive forces are reproduced neither spontaneously nor even with use of the common mind, but on the ground of transference of the productive forces created, first of all, in the form of scientific knowledge to the material productive forces. The structures providing such transference and simultaneously mediating the connection of science with material production are the implementing system and educational system
The problem of human freedom as an existential
phenomenon. It analyzes the current reality, where the
average person with a conformist attitude was unable
to speculate about genuine freedom. It reveals the
practical sense of philosophizing, as a necessary
process of formation of the inner freedom of the
individual
It has been proved that theoretical scientific models
created as a result of the learning process, reflect
not the reality of "what it really is" and only the
reality "what it is" in the process of interaction with
tools of empirical knowledge, i.e. the organs of
perception of a certain organism that supports a
corresponding form of consciousness, experimental
instruments and information-measuring systems of
a certain functional level. Examples and consequences
of the major mistakes that have been historically
made by scientists for the substantial interpretation
of theoretical scientific models: this
error is unwarranted giving the model the ontological
status ("hypostatizations") and its associated
error model giving the status of universality. The
history of the emergence and development of science
was viewed as a process of sequential application
of natural scientific method to the study of
objects of knowledge, previously studied in the
framework of philosophy. We have formulated a
promising idea of solving problems of philosophy
of natural science methods. In the framework of
implementation of this idea, we have proposed a
natural-scientific formulation and solution of the
basic question of philosophy. This new scientific
concept of "Relatively objective and Relatively
subjective" and discusses the relationship of the
content of these concepts from forms of consciousness.
The article gives a natural-scientific definition
of consciousness and offers periodic multi-criteria
classification of forms of consciousness, including
49 forms of consciousness: the 7 types of 7 consciousness
and cognition methods. It examines the
dialectics of the changing ideological paradigms
from antiquity to the present day and a place of
scientific paradigms in the process. It also describes
the law of denial-denial in the change of ideological
paradigms and on the basis; it explores the hypothesis
about the main features of the future ideological
paradigm, formed in the present. We have
formulated the correct principles of interpreting
scientific models of natural-scientific method –
scientific method of induction and the principles of
open consciousness, i.e. the principles, opening the
way for the formation of new, improved and more adequate models of reality than the existing ones
which were considered the only true models
The article analyzes the effect of simulation pattern
arrangement and its components for purposes of
ideological subjection of mass man who is a perfect
consumer for falsely-created needs. Successful
functioning of the system affects directly to attainment
of all required goals of consumer society, among them
the primary is a permanent linear growth. Simulacras
presuppose three evolution levels. Modern society has
already passed margin of last level. To restrain power
over masses, control structures steer peak impact to
reinforcement of men undercover fears. By means of
mass media, general negative ambience is framed to
probable threads amplification. It causes mass men for
permanent fear living. The whole public structure is
permeated by ideological effect simulacras, especially
it concerns trade as a locomotive element of consumer
society
Only the rational, normally functioning legislation is
able to afford free exchange of information,
respectively and normal functioning of cultural
institutions, and creation of effective social
technologies and effective functioning of democratic
society, as such. It only emphasizes its special social
importance both for the country in general, and for
each hotel citizen as cultural values cause internal
stability of society, being its spiritual basis, its toposy.
And the library science which is determined as - an
industry of information, cultural, educational activities
of society that includes education and development of
libraries, forming and handling of library stocks, the
organization of library, information and library and
bibliographic servicing of users of libraries,
preparation of library personnel, scientific and
methodical ensuring development of libraries has
special value in this aspect. The emphasized attention
to a library science and people who work in
organizations of libraries can be seen in the
Presidential decree of Ukraine "About establishment
of All-Ukrainian day of libraries" from 5/14/1998 No.
71/98 and which is directed as it is told in the Decree
on increase of a role of the book in social and political
and historical and cultural life of the population of
Ukraine, and also on the problem resolution of
development of a library science. Thus, it is possible
to conclude that in Ukraine there are developments the
legislation, both for needs of the most library science,
and for implementation of free exchange of
information within the country and beyond its limits.
That, in turn, can be a basis as for creation, application
and effective use of social technologies, and for
further development of the cultural sphere of society
The article considers theoretical and methodological
bases of pedagogical axiology in the educational
environment of the Chuvash Republic. Three stages of
its formation are briefly indicated. Current challenges
in relation to universities are discussed from different
points of view. Conceptions of philosophy of
education as a theoretical and methodological
framework of the cognitive algorithm for foundation
and explanation of the essential features of the holistic
person are clarified. Propositions of pedagogical
axiology in the field of higher education are identified
and defined. Characteristics of elite education are
considered. It is stated that social and cultural potential
formed in the University space of the region is the
basis for predicting the social development taking into
account appropriate understanding of the personality
and his/her culture. It is shown that evaluation of the
evolution of education is possible together with
analysis of the discipline of philosophy in education.
Examples of the practical implementation of
pedagogical axiology elements in the educational
space of the Chuvash Republic are given and
systematized