A Karelian stage in the life of the great Russian artist,
Nicholas Roerich, is relatively well-known. However,
researchers have not been practically studied the
period of residence of the Roerich family in Vyborg. It
is known that N. Roerich was friends with the Finnish
artist A. Gallen-Kallela, who helped him to remain in
Finnish Vyborg in the period of revolutionary events
in Russia. From October 1918 to May 1919 the
Roerich family lived in Viborg in Ladaunkatu (now
Turgenev St.), №8. The painting «Autumn» (1919)
was written by the artist during the Vyborg’s period.
The painting was created in a fantastic manner which
was usual for the artist. Unfortunately, at the moment
nothing is known about his other works with views of
Vyborg. However, in the catalog of his works,
published in the USA in the 1920-es , under the name
of each picture is given information about where and
when it was created. Thus, under some of the works of
the artist is the mark: «Painted in Viborg». So, today
we can say about some works of master, which he
wrote in Vyborg. In the first place, there are famous
paintings of the artist: «Repentance», «Call of the bell.
Old Pskov», «Sons of the Heavens», «The heat of the
Earth», «Autumn – Vyborg», «Les Miserables
(Outcast)», «Treasure» and others. As well, in 1918 at
the time of staying the family in Vyborg a number of
sketches in "Vyborg Notebook" were made by his
son, Svetoslav Roerich, who was then 16 years old.
Probably, inexhaustible diligence of Roerich gave a
rise to other works with the theme of Vyborg, which
scientists do not know because this topic has not been
investigated
The article describes a scientific hypothesis about
architectural and spatial identity of a medieval fortress
at the mouth of the river Godlih and of the Humara
settlement on the Kuban river. It is revealed that the
planning structure and spatial organization of these
medieval monuments are similar and consist of three
parts each: the citadel, the fortress and the open
settlement. The citadel was a monumental multi-tiered
tower surrounded by a courtyard and a defensive wall.
The fortress perimeter was surrounded by a defensive
wall fortified with square towers. The open settlement
had no artificial fortifications, and was located in a
remote place in the vicinity of the citadel and the
fortress. The architecture and construction of the walls
and towers of both castles are made in the tradition of
the Byzantine building culture. Stone setting of the
walls and towers of the fortresses represent a veneer
made with armored rows of stones with the backing
made with crushed stone in lime-stone mortar between
them. Because the fortress at the mouth of the river
Godlih was badly damaged during the construction of
the Tuapse-Adler railway, we can, basing on the
analogy revealed, carry out a hypothetical
reconstruction, that will serve as a theoretical
justification for its restoration and museums
The specificity of the Byzantining direction in
architecture of Romania at the end of XIX- the first
half of XX is determined by the presence of two lines:
indirect using of Byzantine elements in secular
architecture and the "pure" Byzantine style in the
architecture of temples. The article is devoted to
identifying the particularities of stylistic evolution of
Byzantining direction of Romanian architecture in the
way of the church construction. Romanian researchers
follow to the division of national style into three
stages (1886-1906; 1906-1918; 1918- the beginning
of 1940)based on socio-political events of 1906-1918
years. Recognizing the certainty of this view the
author offers to define it in relation tot he Byzantining
direction of the church construction and highlight in
its stylistic evolution the following stages: the last
third of XIX century is the late historicism; the end of
XIX- the end of 1910 s –modern; 1920 s-the first half
of 1930s-the interaction of the trends of late
historicism, art Deco and partly of functionalism,mid-
1930s - early 1940s-functionalism;the influence of
expressionism. In the article the peculiarities of the
development of the Byzantine heritage in the temple
architecture of Romania have been seen, the medieval
prototypes of voluminous and spatial compositions
and décor have revealed. The Byzantine style in the
architecture of Romania, formed in the tideway of
European trends on the base of the Byzantine
components of medieval Romanian architecture,
became one of the way of solving the problem of
national self-identification and leading due to its
supranational empire character in expressing the idea
of state unity by means of architecture
The article gives a psychological analysis of credit
activity as a process of social exchange between the
lender and the borrower. As a result of credit provision
as exchange the borrower receives access to resource
objects and resource relations. One of credit
situations is a situation of borrower's personal default.
It is introduced analysis of "personal default" concept
in this article and is proposed
its operational psychological definition. It is also
substantiated its connection with other concepts
(difficult life situation, economic stress, crisis of
employment, etc). It has been studied motivational
component of attitude toward credits by means of
questionnaire related to credits attitude. During the
study differences in motivation and purposes of
crediting of potential and actual young and middle age
borrowers have been found out. It has been revealed
that typical motives of taking on credit are credit rigor
and altruism for young people. The motive of altruistic
behavior refuse is expressed by middle age persons.
We have studied out connections between motives of
crediting. We have found out negative connections
between the motive of altruism and investment,
intended use of borrowed funds, as well as between the fear of crediting and hedonism, dreaminess and
conformability in crediting. Significant differences in
credit purposes of young and middle-age respondents
have been detected. Persons from 18 to 25 years took
credit oftener for the purchase of luxury items (phone,
furniture, PCs, TVs, home appliances). For borrowers
from 35 to 45 years is typical to take on credits for
purchase of real estate, investment in business,
immediate needs – payment of medical services, repair
of apartments, repayment of credit
The article deals with the peculiarities of the formation
process of moral and combat cadets’ qualities and
specific features of training for active service in
peacetime or in times of conflict. Cadets’ moral
qualities are presented as special moral orientation of
personality inherent in soldiers’ moral character traits,
as well as their worldview, ideals and other socially
beneficial interests, their sense of duty, patriotism,
internationalism, hatred for external and internal
enemies, self-sacrifice, personal responsibility for their
Homeland. An attempt has been made to investigate
the moral and psychological development of cadets, to
study the process of cadets’ upbringing by their direct
and superior commanders
The article deals with influence of the institution of
family on the transgressing experience in its various
forms. The problem is quite relevant in view of the fact
that the society gets out of structural limitations.
Increasingly, social actors step over the border, which
for many ordinary people are considered immutable,
violate generally accepted course of events, the
established norms of behavior and morality. In this
regard, the authors discuss the phenomenon of
transgression as an integral part of modern society,
which is understood as a strategy to overcome social
taboos, violation of cultural traditions, moral and
religious regulators. In addition, the transgression may
be regarded as a manifestation of freedom. Freedom
from rules, regulations, prohibitions, including
religious ones. And then it is quite possible the
emergence of such a phenomenon as a religious
transgression. The authors give a definition of
religious transgression, which is the process overstep
religious prohibitions designed to separate the man
from his immersion in faith, radical overcoming taboos
of religion, the transition from one religion to another.
The article presents the results conducted in 2016 a
search of sociological research on the basis of
Astrakhan State University. Based on these studies, the
authors conclude that it is the family becomes the
unifying factor that helps in keeping the values in the
course of religious transgression
The article examines the political changes that have
taken place in Ukraine in 1990-2000. There were
analyzed the threats to the Russian Federation due to
the growth of anti-Russian sentiments in Ukraine, as
well as the coup d'etat of 2014 in Kiev, as a result of
what the nationalists came to power and the UkrainianDonbass
war began. There were suggested the possible
options to reduce the Russophobia and to preserve the
historical memory and humanitarian cooperation
between the two countries
The image of the Other/Alien is the litmus test
according to which researchers can determine the state
of the disease of society, its fears and hopes in a
certain period of social and cultural development. The
author of this article on the example of fictional
Other/Alien, has manifested the images of superheroes
and supervillains of American comics; he proves the
relationship between attitudes of society, paradigmatic
for certain periods of the history, with the construction
clothing marker Other/Alien. Turning to the two
periods of XX century American history, the
researcher has traced the evolution of the
characteristics of narrative images, typical for these
stages, revealed the main socio-cultural processes that
influenced the creation of such images in popular
culture, and came to the conclusion that the mood of
the American Society of the Great Depression period
and the World war II is well reflected in the narratives
of the time, in particular, in the comics. Clothing of
superheroes like images Other / Alien were dictated by
certain cultural, historical, social, and political ideas.
During the Great Depression, Another becomes a
“good” alien. His appearance is caused by the mood
and hopes of people of that time; the character appears
to be able to change the usual course of things. The
Second World War gave birth to a new type of the
Other, the personification of all US national values.
Another - now is not an alien. He is one of us, but he
has the same supernatural powers aimed at justice, not
only in the mood of the American Society but in the
whole world
Adequate and effective assessment of the efficiency, effectiveness and the quality of scientific activities of specific scientists and research teams is crucial for any information society and a society based on knowledge. The solution to this problem is the subject of scientometrics and its purpose. The current stage of development scientometrics differs greatly from his previous appearance in the open as well as paid on-line access to huge amount of detailed data on a large number of indicators on individual authors and on scientific organizations and universities. The world has well-known bibliographic databases: Web of Science, Scopus, Astrophysics Data System, PubMed, MathSciNet, zbMATH, Chemical Abstracts, Springer, Agris, or GeoRef. In Russia, it is primarily the Russian scientific citing index (RSCI). RSCI is a national information-analytical system, accumulating more than 9 million publications of Russian scientists, as well as the information about citation of these publications from more than 6,000 Russian journals. There is too much information; it is so-called "Big data". But the problem is how to make sense of these large data, more precisely, to identify the meaning of scientometric indicators) and thus to convert them into great information ("great information"), and then apply this information to achieve the objective of scientometrics, i.e. to transform it into a lot of knowledge ("great knowledge") about the specific scientists and research teams. The solution to this problem is creating a "Scientific smart metering system" based on the use of the automated system-cognitive analysis and its software tools – an intellectual system called "Eidos". The article provides a numerical example of the creation and application of Scientometric intelligent measurement system based on a small amount of real scientific data that are publicly available using free on-line access to the RSCI
This article is devoted to the asymptotic analysis of
boundary value problem for a system of equations of
Nernst-Planck and Poisson for a singularly perturbed
system of ordinary differential equations [1], based on
two parameters. This boundary value problem
simulates electrodiffusion of four kinds of ions at the
same time in the diffusion layer in electro-membrane
systems with perfectly selective membrane, taling into
consideration the reaction of recombination of two
ions. Meanwhile the other two ions represent ions of a
binary salt. As a simple example, we consider the
transport of ions sodium, chlorine, hydrogen and
hydroxide, moreover, hydrogen and hydroxyl ions
recombine in the diffusion layer. A more complex case
is the transfer of the products of dissociation of the
dihydrogen phosphate of sodium, namely, ions of
sodium and dihydrogen phosphate, the latter dissociate at the interface, in turn, hydrogen ions and hydrogen
phosphate. Thus, in the solution can simultaneously
store three different types of ions: sodium, hydrogen,
phosphate. During the transfer, hydrogen ions and ions
of hydrogen phosphate recombine to produce
phosphoric acid. The article has revealed the structure
of the Nernst diffusion layer at currents above
Harkatsa current. It is shown, that in the diffusion
layer, there are two types of boundary layers: the inner
(reaction) boundary layer and boundary layer at the
interface solution / membrane