Potato has been and remains one of the five world's
most important crops. For nearly two hundred years
potato in Russia is the "second bread". This is one of
the so-called social products. Over the past 20 - 25
years of potato farming in our country, there have been
significant changes, both positive and negative. Today,
potatoes are grown in different soil and climatic
conditions in more than one hundred countries around
the world, including the desert oasis and beyond the
polar circle. Potato cultivation Center recently has
moved to Asia. In our time, the leaders of potato
production are China, Russia, India, the US and
Ukraine. Over the past few decades the number of
produced potatoes has increased by 41% and the area under potato planting only 9.5%. From the above data
it is clear that the world potato economy in recent
years has got significant changes, indicating that the
timeliness and relevance of the material in this article
is true
A methodology for a multilevel system approach to
integrated optimization of processes of harvest,
transportation and cleaning of the grain during the
harvest by the method of «Neveyka» has been
developed. The main method of research - is a
queuing theory of all components of the yield except
straw. The System consists of 6 interconnected
subsystems with their inputs and outputs, and its own
optimality criteria. On the first level of optimization,
the most efficient way of wheat harvest «Neveyka»
has been proved. On the second level - the total
duration of the harvest with allowance for 4-5
cultivated wheat sorts, each of which is harvested
within 5 calendar days, was optimized. The third
level proves the requirement of combine harvesters
and transport vehicle. On the fourth level - the
combinations of harvesting and transport units are
optimized on the criterion of the minimum amount of
the loss on the mutual expectations of harvesters and
vehicles. The fifth optimization level proves the
capacity of the reception station of the grain storage,
where the main criterion for optimality is the least
amount of losses on the mutual waiting time of the
transportation vehicles, and the additional criterion is
the minimum waiting time of vehicles in the queue.
On the sixth and the final stage the specific annual
economic effect (rub/ha or rub/t) from the
implementation of the proposed technology is
determined. It is established, that during the grain
harvesting, transporting and processing of heap there
are elementary or Poisson probability flows of
requirements for service. The Representation of
harvesting - transport link in the form of closed
queuing system of independent harvesting unit. An
approach to the justification of failure-free operation of a station for cleaning grain heap and storage of
grain and chaff is presented
Creation of hydraulic fracturing in the physical structure
of the reservoir rock is one important way to improve the
productivity of oil and gas wells. These artificial
channels increase ability of the reservoir rock for
conducting hydrocarbons to the wellbore. In this study a
new approach has been proposed for optimization of
fracture half length in hydraulic fracturing operation.
Also, this new method that is a combination of various
fracturing geometry models has been proposed for
modeling the hydraulic fracturing geometry. We have
shown that there is a reasonable agreement between the
result of pseudo 3D fracture geometry model and the
predicted results from the proposed approach
The article presents a computer program, which define automobile transport demand for the transport service of harvesters in the grain harvesting process. The program has a simple and intuitive user interface, a flexible setting system. It allows to change the source data for needs everything agricultural companies. It doesn’t require an installation and it can function in everything operation systems, which is fitted for Microsoft office applications acting. It doesn’t require a special studying or deep knowing in a mathematical statistic for using. Everyone specialist can use the program in an agricultural enterprise. The program considers distribution laws of stochastic parts of the grain harvesting process. These process features are important to consider due to using of determination values give very rough results. If there are mistakes in the structure design of the harvesting-transport complex then there are nonproductive machines downtimes or the harvest losing. Using the program gives better organization of the transport service in the grain harvesting process, and it can give the economical effect. It is especially important in modern competitive conditions at the worldwide market of agricultural products and also at the interior market with consideration of external economical sanctions and with consideration of the declared import replacement course. The successful work of agricultural enterprises defines the country's food security and it turns down the oil dependency of the Russian economy
Energy complex of the country is a collection of
electrical installations high and low voltage, producing,
transforming, transporting, distributing and consuming
electricity. A huge web of networks and more than 700
generating plants with a total capacity of about 230 GW
[1]. Almost 90% of this potential is formed in a unified
technical complex of the Unified energy system (UES)
[2]. Now there is a deterioration of the performance of
the sector. In comparison with 90-mi years of XX
century, more than 1.5 times increased power losses in
the power grids. Significantly increased the proportion
of obsolete electrical and auxiliary equipment, and the
load on the network every day only increase. All speaks
of the necessity of both local and global modernization
of the electric power complex of the country and the
creation of a new concept of consumption management
and energy distribution in the network. In the
framework of the energy strategy of the Government of
the Russian Federation dated 13 November 2009 #
1715-R, to improve handling and ensure reliable
operation of electric power systems, wider introduction
of flexible transmission system (FACTS devices) and
improvement of systems of automatic emergency
protection and dispatching control [1]. The development
of electric power complex of the country should be in
the way of intelligent networks. This is possible through
the use of modern components that can make the
process of managing "intelligent". In foreign literature,
this term is called the Smart Grid
The Role of Excimer’ Molecule in the Conditions of the Impulse Glow Discharge is shown in the article. The accumulation of abovementioned molecule is needed for the successful synthesis of the fluorine argon compounds.
The tillage with moldboard plows is one of the energy-intensive operations in farming. In view of this, the search of the energy saving solutions and tillage aggregates receives priority. The use of rotary tillage tools based on the working body-mover with elliptic blades, which horizontal soil reaction parts are directed to favoring grade of the aggregate, and, therefore, apart from the performing engineering perform the body-mover functions, - is one of the effective ways of the energy cost reduction. The authors offer the development of the rotary cultivators based on the working body-mover with elliptic blades. The change of their design values allows the development of various profiles tools. The use of these working bodies based on rotary cultivators will allow the energy cost reduction by the tillage process, especially in the compartments of terrain, as the use of tractors with moldboard plows for the main tillage is problematic. In many cases, these lots must be labored manually. The article describes the construction, generalizes the mechanical specifications and working modes of the rotary cultivator at the main tillage
The article considers scheme of sewage treatment
plants AG-STOK of Novorossiysk trading sea port,
designed to clean the surface runoff from the territory
of industrial sites and residential areas to the norms of
discharge in the drainage network. The installation
includes a well-separator, a storage tank, mechanical
cleaning of solids on a mechanical filter, filtration
through a filter with granular loading and filtration
through a filter with sorption loading. The treated
runoff, which corresponds to the conditions of
discharge into the urban drainage network,
accumulates in a tank of clean water and is diverted to
the storm sewer network. There are: the scheme of
treatment facilities, the explication of equipment, a
photo of a mechanical filter, a filter with a granular
load and a filter with a sorption load. The indicators of
surface runoff correspond to the norms of the
maximum permissible discharge
The article describes a condensation of geodetic networks by a point insert in a rigid figure on the basis of linear measurements. Ways of equalising of the received results are considered. The estimation of accuracy of definition of the defined point position is resulted.
The temperature and the time of process of concentration were tested to receive a microbial safety apple pectin concentrate. The relation of yeast to apple pec-tin concentrate was studied