Today, the Russian agriculture is facing food market
saturation task by domestic quality products in
sufficient quantities for the needs of the population. At
the same time healthy nutriment is provided,
according to doctors and scientists, by vegetables,
which must be present in the diet of a healthy person.
In this regard, a big role is assigned to the covered
ground crop production, normal functioning of which
allows to supply shops and markets with vegetables
throughout the year. For the formation of the necessary
environment inside the greenhouse promoting
normal plants growth, the main role is played by the
solar radiation penetrating into the greenhouse through
the transparent enclosure and creating necessary light
and temperature and humidity regime. Comparison
and analysis of the main cover and light-transmitting
materials (film, glass, polycarbonate) characteristics
revealed polycarbonate to be the basic material today,
light transmitting characteristics study of which this
article deals with. As a research method, molecular
optical spectroscopy was applied. In order to study
there has been selected waveband with their length
value from the 610 to 700 nm, which spans exactly the
shortwave part of the solar radiation spectrum, which
is necessary for the proper implementation of the
plants photosynthesis in artificial rearing conditions.
After analyzing the measurements results it can be
said that studied "KARBOGLASS AGRO" polycarbonate
samples, despite the substantially greater thickness
in comparison with for example plastic film that
is widely used in the old fashioned way, are characterized
by higher value of light-transmitting ability for
light wavelength values passing through the material -
respectively of 79-80,4% and 75,4-77%. Light transmission
of "KARBOGLASS AGRO" cellular polycarbonate
is at 5 ± 1% higher than of other traditional
materials. Among the studied coating materials for
covered ground facilities and due to the research results
of their light-transmitting capacity, today cellular
polycarbonate is of undoubted advantage
The task of nonparametric identification of sequence
objects with discrete-continuous nature of the process
under nonparametric uncertainty, i.e. in conditions
where a priori information is not sufficient for an
informed choice of a model structure up to
parameters is considered. Among series-connected
objects, there can be objects both dynamic and
instantaneous ones with a lag. This kind of
technological chains is common in various industries,
particularly in metal, power, oil refining, etc. in
solving this problem were used methods of
nonparametric identification theory, mathematical
statistics and statistical modeling. The theory of nonparametric
systems is based on local approximation
methods, in particular algorithms for nonparametric
estimation of different kind of dependency from
observation of input-output variables of the object.
The article presents a nonparametric model for the
group of spinning objects with delay. In the work we
show in detail the results of numerical studies
showing that the use of nonparametric algorithms
allows predicting process performance with sufficient
accuracy
In recent years, in many countries around the
world, much attention is paid to the issues of
ensuring of rational use of energy resources,
due to a number of objective factors, chief
among which are: the lack of own energy
resources to meet domestic energy needs; the
sharp increase in the cost of production and the
production of energy resources; further growth
in energy needs; the presence of large potential
opportunities to reduce unproductive losses of
fuel and energy. In the world, the challenge
now is to ensure a gradual but steady transfer of
the economy on energy saving way of
development. To achieve the goal of reducing
energy costs we might use two ways: firstly, the
widespread introduction of energy saving
technologies, and secondly, the reduction of
material production, improving its quality and
service. In agriculture, the improvement of the
technological process can be carried out using
new tillage methods, improving the
organization of production and tools. Further
development of mechanization in agriculture
will contribute to further growth of
electrification in the agricultural sector, which
will significantly reduce the use of the most
expensive and limited energy resources. The
article offers a technique of the estimation of
the efficiency of consumption of energy in
agricultural production. In order to compare the
efficiency of machines in the cultivation and
harvesting of potatoes, there was conducted an
energy assessment of the operations of modern
technology. As variables, there were
investigated different operation modes of the
machine: working speed and working width,
depth of stroke of the working bodies. In the
process of evaluating energy operations,
modern technology to prepare the soil for
planting potatoes was determined humidity,
mechanical composition and soil type. As a
main factor in the analysis of technological
methods, we have taken the overall specific
energy consumption and specific energy
consumption for the digging below tuber
formation. Analysis of theoretical researches of
agricultural machinery has led to the conclusion
that the energy cost of implementing the
technological process in the machines of
different designs varies
Damage of grain and seeds by machines makes
essential negative impact on sowing qualities of seeds
and processing properties of grain. While processing of
grain a lot of various cars and actions differently injure
weevils. To exclude traumatizing of grains in the
course of mechanical preparation is not obviously
possible, as working bodies of cars are a source of
mechanical and thermomechanical damages. Besides,
injured weevils on the physical-mechanical properties
practically do not differ from whole, i.e. they do not
possess signs for machine division. To reduce
traumatizing of weevils is possible with the help of
application of optimum technologies of machining,
selection of the conforming technological modes, using
as a part of actions of constructional stuffs with a low
elastic modulus, perfection of their design data. For
definition of injuring ability of various machines and
actions through which takes place grain lots, have
developed a procedure which allows with high degree
of reliance to estimate complex traumatizing of weevils
(namely, their outside integuments and intrinsic
frames) machines and the actions which are a part of aggregates and complexes for machine preparation of
grain and seeds. The developed procedure bases on a
basis of the standard documents regulating test
methods of agricultural machinery and together with it
allows to consider connatural heterogeneity of the grain
lots arriving for processing
This article describes the practice of conducting a
geotechnical monitoring of the road tunnel № № 8, 8а «Doubler Kurortnogo Prospekta» in Sochi in
difficult geotechnical conditions. Geotechnical
monitoring method was developed on the results of
mathematical modeling performed based on
engineering studies and design solutions. The
particular importance is paid to areas of shallow
road tunnels, because in these areas there are the
highest strain that could lead to malfunction of the
lithological technical system "accommodating array
- fixing tunnel" and the further destruction of the
road tunnel walling. Geotechnical monitoring at the
stage of engineering survey allows us to assess
comprehensively the condition of the geological
environment in a pristine condition, as well as
detailed consideration to the effect on her of
construction of mining operations. Implementation
of geotechnical monitoring at the stages the
engineering survey and construction will identify
weaknesses malfunction of the lithological
technical system "accommodating array - fixing
tunnel" and ensure the security of the operation of
such a technically complex and demanding
facilities such as road tunnels
The results of the study of amino acids of white table
wines depending on the yeast strain, continuous contact
of wine with yeast biomass and the presence of
lees stirring are presented. The dynamics of amino
acids, which affect wine organoleptic characteristics
and the formation of wine defects, specifically, tyrosine,
methionine, threonine and lysine is shown. Conducted
researches made it possible to divide the amino
acids into three groups depending on the carrying out
the batonnage or lack of it. The first group consisted of
amino acids, the concentration of which practically has
not changed in the presence or lack of stirring. The
second and third groups include amino acids, the concentration
of which increased and decreased, respectively
during batonnage. The stirring of the wine with
yeast biomass facilitated to the activation of mass
transfer processes between cell and medium, and the
access of air lead to oxidation of some amino acids and
the change of its concentration. The absence of stirring
influenced to a slight increase in the concentration of
such amino acids as cystine, cysteine,
β-phenylalanine, serine, α-alanine, leucine and glutamic
acid. The experimental data allowed to arrange amino
acids in a row depending on the speed of release
into the medium: ά-aminobutyric acid >
glutamic acid > α-alanine > leucine
The article analyzes the existing technologies and
methods of storage of tubers of topinambur. We have
analyzed the traditional methods of storage of tubers of
topinambur - in containers, boxes or bags in storage or
in the ground clamps. Russian and foreign topinambur
tubers storage technologies in modified atmosphere,
with use of easily removable wax coating, with plant
extracts treatment, at different storage temperatures are
studied. We have also carried out analysis of scientific
and patent sources led to the conclusion that existing
technologies and methods of storing topinambur tubers,
which do not allow reducing to the maximum extent
the weight loss and the inulin hydrolysis during
storage. A reasonable conclusion was made about the
advisability of further studies in the field of innovative
technologies and methods of preparation for storage
and storage of topinambur tubers, ensuring minimal
weight loss, as well as maximum preservation in their
structure of inulin, vitamin C and other biologically
active substances during storage
The article lists the characteristic and scrutinizes features
of modern topinambur varieties. Data, characterizing
acres in crops and crop yield abroad and in Russian
Federation, are analyzed. Classification traits of
topinambur varieties, included in the state register of
selection achievements, are studied. Data on crop yield,
duration of vegetative period, composition of carbohydrate
complex, content of vitamins, macro- and microelements
are systematized. The article studies most
popular foreign topinambur varieties. The carried out
analysis of scientific sources on agrobiological properties
and chemical composition of topinambur varieties
allowed choosing varieties, which are the most promising
for industrial processing
Nowadays some branches of the industry need hybrid
or cascade systems of electric drives. Electric
drives use up to 60 percent of all developed electric
power therefore with improvement of massdimensional
indicators and power characteristics of
the considered devices necessary technical characteristics
are reached and losses of electric energy
decrease. When creating electric drives of various
designs, it is important and rather difficult to calculate
an electromagnetic system. Classical approach
to design of data of systems has a number of shortcomings
that demands creation of new approaches
or adjustment and addition of the known methods
and approaches. In the article, another approach to
design of the developed systems of the electric
drive is offered
The modern level of development of the industry requires
creation of more difficult and high-precision
systems of an electric actuator allowing executing precisely
and correctly the given technological processes.
As these devices, we may consider hybrid or cascade
systems of an electric actuator. However, for creation
of such devices we require new design approaches, or
specification and improving of the existing theories and
methods of design of classical systems. The main difficulty
in calculation consists in determination of parameters
of electromagnetic system. In this article, new
approach is given in finding of electromagnetic parameters
of components of an asynchronous controlled
cascade electric actuator taking into account real geometry.
This approach was formed during creation of
the program complex, which is a part of a system of
automatic design