The mechanical activation allows creating a active
state in a solid, opening the prospect for holding and
accelerating the chemical reactions between solids and
getting materials in a nonequilibrium state. As a result
of mechanical activation of the powder compositions
of the active phase transformations occur in them,
which lead to the formation of solid solutions and
various intermediate connections, providing dispersion
and dispersion hardening of materials included in the
composition. The results of the study of the
granulometric composition, the phase transformations
and structure evolution in multiphase materials with
SME Ni-30%at.Ti-20%at.Hf and Ni-33%at.Ti-
18%at.Zr at different stages of the process of
mechanical activation carried out in planetary ball mill
the centrifugal type is represented in the article.
During mechanical activation, a composite mix is
assimilated by the particles of processed material input
of mechanical energy in the form of new interfaces,
defects of the crystal lattice. At collision of particles
and grinding bodies in contact high local temperature
and pressure occur, which in some cases can lead to
melting of the most fusible components. When a local
increase in temperature between the particles of
titanium, hafnium, zirconium and carbon solid-phase
reactions become possible due to diffusion of atoms of
one component into the crystal lattice of the other.
Experimental studies have shown that the use of
mechanical activation allows creating an effective
technology of preparation of the starting material for
high-speed flame spraying
The aim of the article has been the study of deflection
laws in tractor oversize low-pressure tires, intended for
class 5 tractor propulsion. The research method was
experimental. The "tire tester" and specially designed
devices for determining the deflections of the inner and
outer tube relative to the rim in the circumferential,
radial and collateral directions have been used in it. A
number of factors determine outcome indices of the
wheel with pneumatic tyre. Among them the ability of
the tire to deform so that at low - hysteresis losses in the
rubber-cord casing and admissible stresses in it, based on
resource, the largest area of contact with the supporting
base has been created. This circumstance is of particular
importance in the development of tractor tires of low
pressure, deflection characteristics of which are poorly
studied at present. Analysis of experimental studies
showed the necessity of the feasibility of creating the tire
with the cord orientation in its casing so that in the zone
of perception of the vertical and longitudinal forces the
cord threads would work in a mode close to the
extension, but in the area of contact it would work in
bending. These requirements will best meet the tire in
which the cord threads are parallelly located in adjacent
layers and directed at a predetermined angle in the
direction of effect of the axial forces on the wheel in oncoming fibers
The article presents the calculation of combustion of
liquid fuel, which is determined by the air
consumption for combustion of fuel, then the number
and the composition of combustion products – flue gas
resulting from burning fuel and the flue-gas
temperature
In this work, we consider the design and development of
neural network software module for prediction of
electricity consumption in the system of support of
decision-making power control. Two prediction models
support the software module: regression model and
neural network model, based on multilayer perceptron.
Software development to predict power consumption in
the system of decision-making today is one of the priority
directions in the Russian power industry. Therefore, the
work associated with the development of methods and
algorithms of forecasting of power consumption in the
power sector, is surely relevant
The article highlights the problems of protection and
arrangement of spring sources of recreational and
protected areas. The characteristics of the known and
little-known springs of the mountain territories of the
North Caucasus are given. The sources of KabardinoBalkaria
are described in more detail. The results of
investigations of a number of springs of mountain
zones, which show high organoleptic qualities, are
given. The characteristics of some mineral springs
possessing medicinal properties are also given. A
substantiation of the need for detailed studies of littleknown
springs and natural monuments of the KBR
and the North Caucasus, as well as the compilation of
tourist routes to them and cadastral records. New
architectural and technological solutions have been
developed and proposed for the development of
ascending and descending water sources, protected by
patents for utility models. The rationale for the
effectiveness of the organization of ecological tourism
in the KBR and other regions of the North Caucasus is
given
Modern extraction systems are characterized by a change in the parameters of the production cycle under the influence of a number of causes caused by the structural dynamics of systems. Information systems can successfully function by solving the tasks of collecting, processing, analyzing and distributing real-time information, which involves the use of modern information technology methods. With increasing requirements to the volume, speed and quality of information on the progress of extraction processes, modernization of information systems is required, allowing to make informed decisions by management structures. In the article the regularities of mass transfer of n-components in carbon dioxide of the solid-liquid system are considered. The effect of spontaneous interfacial convection in the mass transfer of individual components under the influence of an electromagnetic field of low frequency is detected. The joint mass transfer of extractive substances during spontaneous interfacial convection leads to an increase in the mass transfer coefficient of eugenol compared to its diffusion mass transfer
The article considers the mathematical task of calculating
the transient flow of water in the regulation of
concentrated releases of water discharges on stream flows
in lower tails of spillway waterworks. An algorithm,
analytical solutions based on hydraulic calculations of the
process of propagation and transformation of long waves
described by Saint-Venant equations are constituted.
These equations are nonlinear and have no exact
solutions. To obtain approximate solutions these
equations are linearized. The efficiency of spillways
depends on how accurately hydraulic processes
characteristics are measured. Control and direct
measurement of characteristics of hydraulic processes in
natural conditions is difficult, which requires applying
methods of mathematical modeling and simulation
studies of transient processes, which are based on the
algorithms of functioning of transient hydraulic processes
control. Introduction of the developed method for
hydraulic calculation of discharge releases to streams, diverting the water from water discharge structures,
allows optimize idle and non-technological discharges of
water from reservoirs. Considering the highly dynamic
nature of the water flow in the lower tails of the dams at
concentrated releases of water discharges from reservoirs,
development of new methods of hydraulic calculation of
extreme discharges and water depths at the critical
sections of watercourses with transient regime of water
flow is an important task
Techniques of value analysis and "Direct-costing" are
well-known and popular. The ideas and principles of
value analysis and the method of "Direct costing" are
very similar, if not identical. On the one hand, these
ideas are very reasonable, well grounded theoretically
and proved its effectiveness in practice. On the other
hand, the wide use of these methods is hampered by
the difficulty of obtaining large amounts of detailed
technological and financial-economic information, as
well as the need for careful research by competent
professionals, well-versed in substantive subject area.
This is the contradiction between the desire to apply
the methods of the value analysis and "Direct costing"
and difficulty to perform it in practice. This
contradiction constitutes a real problem and may often
be discouraging and frustrating. In this work, we
propose a simple and effective solution to this
problem, theoretically well-informed with all the
necessary methodological and software tools and
widely and successfully tested in practice. The
proposed solution is based on two simple ideas: 1)
instead of collecting and holding a meaningful large
amount of technological and financial-economic
information we might apply approaches, pleasant
management theory; 2) to create systems for
automated control of natural and financial-economic
efficiency of expenses we might use the automated
system-cognitive analysis and its software tool – an
intellectual system called "Eidos". In the name of the
specialty 08.00.05 – Economics and national economy management, there are such words: "management of
enterprises, branches, complexes, innovation." The use
of the term "Management" implies that there is a
model that reflects the influence of factors on the
object of control, and there is the management system
making decisions based on this model. However, as a
rule, the dissertations in this field have nothing of this,
except only financial and economic calculations. The
article proposes an approach based on the control
theory, removing this disadvantage
The article presents the theoretical and experimental research of the guide wire, made of polytetrafluorethylene, for sieve system of air grain cleaning machines. We have calculated trajectory of movements of the components of piles of sunflower seeds in the vertical pneumatic channel when they are vanishing from the surface of the guide wire at its various parameters. Specifying the location of a guide wire polytetrafluorethylene in air-sieve grain cleaning machine was carried out in an experimental setup. The guide wire of polytetrafluorethylene was installed in three locations: 1) at a distance of 20 mm to the pneumatic channel; 2) on the levels with the pneumatic channel; 3) at a distance of 20 mm inside pneumatic channel. The approach of the guide wire into the inside of the pneumatic channel in the experimental setup the quality of sunflower seeds increased with 97.61 to of 99.08 %. The content of organic impurities, milled and broken seeds in the pile decreased respectively from 1.83 to 0.21 %, to 1.29 0.66 % 0.51% to 0.25% in the manufacture of wire made of polytetrafluorethylene. To increase the purity of the seeds of the main culture we use a photoelectron separator, and the received seeds for animal feed were in the form of sunflower cake produced on screw presses. As a result of carried out experimental and theoretical researches it is established, that the guide wire shall be made of polytetrafluorethylene and are placed inside the pneumatic channel at a distance of 20 mm and an angle of 40°, which allows to improve the quality of the seeds material and increase the speed of their input to pneumatic channel air-sieve grain cleaning machines type MVU-1500
This work presents main kinds of colourants and methods of painting wood particles. Based on wood structure analysis, it was revealed that hard wood, possessing tracheides and vessels as conducting elements, have the optimal capacity for coloration, in comparison with coniferous trees. A methodology was developed of cloning wooden particles, in the form of chips, with forced immersion in order to obtain established parameters of saturation and brightness. The experiments were conducted with chips of 15-50 mm long, 5-20 mm wide and 3-7 mm thick. The composition of colouring agent included water, acetic acid, and water-emulsion colourants of different types and colours (№1 – colour code (red, yellow, and brown) №2 – colorant (lilac and orange) and №3 – paint). Experience has shown the needed concentration of liquors and mass percentage of compounding ingredients. The research was undertaken to study concentration dependence on the time of allowance and saturation. In consequence of colouring experimental batches of chips, a painting saturation of 4-9 points was obtained at the allowance of 120 and 140 seconds. Dependence of brightness from solubility was determined, with high correlation between given parameters on Pearson Criteria (more than 0.9). Comparative analysis made it possible to discover that the better colouring of particles is created with the red paint. In this case maximum colouring effect is achieved with liquor of water-emulsion paint. Subsequent to the experimental results, a design of installation for colouring wooden particles was developed and patented