The article contains a short review of malt barley cultivation and its improvement ways on chestnut soils in Volgograd region. It includes the results of home brewing with the use of the experimental crop
Malagi is created in a way of nation’s selection, is aboriginal winy grape variety of Nakhchivan AR. The name of sort is related with local meaning. According to morphological indications and biological peculiarity it concerns to ecologic- geographic group of eastern winy varieties. proles orientalis subpr. Caspika Neqr. The crown of young shoot and first 1-3 new leaves are covered with weak web drops. The leaves are middle big, five-wings, weak tautened the breadth. Surface of the leaf is net-wrinkled. Edges of leaves were hardly bended upwards. The top of sidelong scraps mainly are deep, closed with three-cornered lights and generally deep and sharp bottom. Low sidelong scraps are small, open, rare in a form of entering corner. Teeth at the end of the mouth are like cupola. Flower is disexual. Bunch is thick-in conical form. Berries are round, deep black with wax powder, Pulp is juicy with pleasant sort taste. Durability productive period is 168 - 177 days. Yield from a bush is very high-12 kq. Percent of productivity tillers are - 57 %. Coefficient of harvest – 0,65, productivity 1,1. Average mass of bunch – 310,0 q. Sugar is 18,0 %, sourness is 6,5 q/l. It differs with high strength to fungi disease and aridity. The sort is for high quality red wines of various categories
The Makedonas is a new wine higher quality black grape’s variety, was found out by Panteley Zamanidi and Leonid Troshin in 2001 in Greece and created by hybridization between Ksinomavro and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties. It’s belong to the group of Black see pool varieties on morphologic-physiological characteristics (convar. pontica subconvar. balcanica Negr.). The variety is used for making dry red wines of excellent quality. It is very perspective variety in Southern zones of Europe where the grape couldn’t get good acidity in the juice of berries
The article deals with the effectiveness of mineral and
organic fertilizers in long-term application (for more
than thirty years) according to the influence on the
fertility of ordinary black soil of the Western Ciscaucasia
and productivity of sugar beet. The investigations
were carried out in the long-term stationary experiment
laid on the experimental stationary section "Severokubanskaya
agricultural experimental station" of P.P.
Lukyanenko Krasnodar Agricultural Research Institute.
The experiment was laid simultaneously in time
and space in two ten-course crop rotations and combined
grain-grass tilled. In the structure of sown areas
sugar beet occupied 10% of crop rotation area and was
placed after the winter wheat. During three rotations it
was studied: 1- control without fertilizer with natural
forming level of mineral nutrition; 2- minimal dose
N21P26K16 3- medium dose N43P52K33 ; 4 - N43P52K33,
5- high dose N96P104K68; 6- organo-mineral system¹
N43P52K34 + 12 t/ha of manure; 7- organo-mineral system²
N20P24K34 + II-III rotations tillage of straw crop
+ 6 t/ha of manure; 8- medium dose P52K33; 9- medium
dose N43K33; 10- medium dose N43K52. The soil which
is used by organo-mineral system with increased and
high standards of mineral fertilizers had higher concentration
of mineral nitrogen. Long systematic application of fertilizer had more noticeable effect on soil
phosphorus regime. The provision of soil by exchange
potassium tended to decline from rotation to rotation.
If at the completion of the first rotation the content of
this battery was at the level 362,0-433,0 mg / kg of
soil, in 2010, these values were 356,0-405,0 mg / kg of
soil, remaining at the level of increased and high provision
characterized to ordinary black-soil. Fertilizers
for crop rotation provided almost equal yield increase:
in the first rotation - 4,9-16,0 t / ha in the second 5,3-
17,1, the third 6,1-15,5 t / ha. In the moderate favorable
for moisture and temperature conditions during
the first and third rotation (hydrothermal index 0,8-
0,76), the value of sugar beet yield was 30,1-46,1 and
35,7-52,1 t / ha, in comparison with tougher conditions
for the second rotation (hydrothermal index 0,41-
1,96) higher up to 2,6-6,5 9,2-16,0 t / ha.
Research carried out in long-term stationary experiment
showed that long-term use of fertilizers prevents
to the loss of soil organic substances, supporting the
humus content at the level of 3.95-3.99%, and organicsystems
contribute to its reproduction to 4,01-4,21%.
soil nitrogen state is stabilized. However, there is a
tendency of decrease of the exchange potassium in
mineral fertilizer systems. In the conditions of insufficient
moisture supply of the northern zone of Krasnodar
region the most applicable norm is N60P90R60, both
in mineral and organic-systems, ensuring the collection
of root crops within 43,0-45,2 t / ha, with an estimated
amount of sugar 6,92-7, 14 t / ha. The given systems of
fertilizer provide the yield of root crops 53,3-56,0 t /
ha with the synthesis of sugar 8,19-8,70 t / ha. Increasing
the rate of fertilizer in 2 times from medium to
N120P160R120 doesn’t increase the productivity, reduce
sugar content of root crop to 0.4-0.8%. It is undesirable
to use fertilizer that are unbalanced in nutrition
elements in which root crops yield declines from 5.4 to
19.0%, and current biological sugar from 6,1 to 25,9%
The article presents the data of liquorice fodder addi-tive use in chicken-broilers diet
Different liquorice’s dosage as additive to main diet influence on chicken-broilers quality and productivity is studied in the article. According to the results, it was established that liquorice addition use in chicken-broilers’ fattening diet during 42 days provided chick-en-broilers gain increase and fodder consumption decrease per 1 kg of the gain increasing, therefore, production economic efficiency
Greek variety Limniona concerns to the variety group of the Black Sea basin convar. pontica Negr. subconar balcanica Negr. It has a limited spreading, uses as
an industrial variety. Duration of productive period is 156-165 days. Growth of shoots is strong. Degree of cane maturity is 81-95 %. Percentage of fruit-bearing shoots is more than 90. Productivity is 25-30 t/ha. It is highly drought resistant. Flower is bisexual. Cluster is large, cylindrical, of an average compactness with mass of 350g. Berry is middle-sized, round, dark - blue-black.
Flesh is juicy, with nice variety after –taste. Variety is used for preparing of high quality red wines of different categories.
The global warming of the planet caused big changes of biological and social-economic character on the continents. It leads to necessity to invent new varieties of grapes, which are having higher adaptation to changes of environment, including practical steadiness for higher summer temperature and drought. The genetic improvement of Greece varieties was made by the methods of combine selection. The variety Likovrisi was made in Athens University of grape by P.Zamanidi and L.Troshin in 2001 by crossing of varieties Savvatiano and Ugni white. It has higher yielding. The productive period is middle-late. The bunch is big, wings, friable. The berry is middle, round, green-yellow. The pulp is juicy, taste is harmonious. The sugar is higher. It has higher warm-drought steadiness and higher stability to mushrooms diseases in compare with it’s parents. The variety is used for making dry white wines of different categories and spirits for cognac, brandy and grape vodka
The total area of green spaces in the capital of Dagestan now stands at 3003.5 hectare, and in the mid-1960s - 186 hectares. Green areas of common use per capita in 2015 compared to 1960 has decreased dramatically and amounted to 3.6%, which is only 1.0% of the norm. The race of landscape construction of the city far behind the race of construction of residential and office sectors, and the existing green spaces either in quantity or quality does not matches the sanitary and aesthetic requirements, in addition there is a low level of artistic and architectural planning of green space. We have also described the questions of the history of the garden and the park building in Makhachkala and meticulously analyzed the rock-species (species, forms, varieties) of the composition of green space. We have marked the evaluation of their condition. Despite the great diversity of species composition (281 kind of woody plants, including 60 species of gymnosperms and angiosperms 221 views), we have noticed that almost everywhere there was cultivated only a small part of them. This is despite the fact, that the Republic of Dagestan has a rich species diversity of local flora, which can be effectively used in landscaping. Here, too, there are favorable climatic conditions for the introduction of new species. It should be noted that the private sector can be traced as having the opposite trend. Some recommendations have been given to improve the structure and condition of the trees and bushes planted in the city. Finally, we have shown the necessity of linking the production of green building works with the scientific activities of specialized education and research institutions in the city
The aim of this study is the substantiation of recreational zones in the mountain forests for walking tourists. The article contains a functional zoning, design and spatial solution of landscapes of these zones. The aesthetic and recreational value of forests recreational areas increases the implementation of thinning. Implementation of thinning in the territory of the forest zone allocates places for relaxing and walking. This is the basis of functional separation of recreational areas. Coordinates of the objects of recreational areas (inputs and outputs, the center of the composition, toilets, natural monuments, gazebos, crossing trails and wooden sculptures) are determined using GPS satnav. We can determine the spatial composition of landscapes with forest vegetation, relief and water space. This allows you to allocate places for sight-seeing platforms. Small architectural forms must be in harmony with the surrounding landscape. Walking paths form the basis recreation areas. Turns and bends of routes for walking must comply with the elements of the landscape. Areas for recreation are usually located along the trail in of water bodies and in places of disclosure prospects. The recreation area is limited to with an enclosure which fits into the forest landscapes. In this case, the fence should not interfere with of migration of small animals (herpetofauna, insectivores, and others). The harmony of landscape elements serves as a criterion of completion of design. In the recreation area fire prevention measures have to be carried out by tenants. Permissible load of tourists to recreation areas is determined by a special technique. Conclusions: there was proposed a new kind of recreation facilities in the mountain forests - the zone for walking tourists. When carrying out forestry works, there will be a minimum of expenses on arrangement of the zone. Negative consequences to the forest environment would also be minimized