The article considers the problems of organization and
development of the domestic pharmaceutical market in
the conditions of unstable internal and external
environment. The article analyses the peculiarities of
realization of Federal target programs aimed at
supporting national drug policy, including the
improvement of the legislation of Russia in the
development of organizational and economic
mechanisms of providing the population with
pharmaceutical care at the expense of public sources. It
is shown that the effective parameters of the system of
drug supply include reducing counterfeit products in
the pharmaceutical market, improving the system of
price regulation to ensure affordability of vital
innovative drugs for patients. Implementation of the
policy implies an increase in market share of domestic
medicines and the reduction of the share of imports,
improvement of the investment activities of the
Russian manufacturers of pharmaceutical products.
We have emphasized an important role of state
regulation of the pharmaceutical market and grounded
priority directions of its improvement. These include
organization of the system of rational prescription and
use of medicines, the establishment of an effective
system of public information services and
strengthening the quality control of medicines
The article presents the audit methodology of accounting
policy effectiveness, developed by the authors.
The special attention is paid to qualitative and
quantitative criteria for evaluating aspects of the
accounting policy effectiveness
Production and processing of grains formed in the national economic system of the country a number of cereals-governmental sectors, such as grain production, grain elevator industry, flour, cereals and mixed fodder production, which constitute the grain complex country. The significance and role of the grain as a commodity in the state economy can not be overestimated. This product, is totally liquid, which has a constant, steady demand at any time of the year, in any region. Ongoing measures to increase grain production and improve its implementation did not have a complex character, therefore, insignificant effect on the efficiency of the industry and the competitiveness of grain production. The shortagecovered by imports.According to the characteristics of management in agriculture, it should be emphasized that the absence of objective and timely information at all stages of production of the plant-breeding, and as a result, non-optimal choice of technology of cultivation of agricultural crops, might result in the fact that the cost of labor and material resources increases significantly, the company does not receive profits, and sometimes suffers losses. When selecting cultivation technology for agricultural crops, an agronomist has a database of more than a hundred times-personal of alternative technologies for each crop. It is up to the decision-maker (DMP) to find specific criteria to select the most suitable (for the owners and the climatic zone) technology of cultivating for the culture. These circumstances explain the relevance of in-depth research of economic and mathematical models and methods of analysis and evaluation of the economic efficiency of technologies of cultivation agricultural crops. The article deals with the process of developing multicriteria economic-mathematical model of a comprehensive assessment of technology of cultivation of agricultural crops.
Small businesses play a special role in the
development of the state economy: the national
budget from taxes, increasing the welfare of the
population, the question of employment, the
formation of competitive environment, cost
containment and improving the quality of goods and
services. In this regard, become topical issues related
to the creation of favorable conditions for the
functioning and development of management tools
and mechanisms of development of organizations of
this segment of the economy. This work aims to
identify the key problems of functioning of small
business organizations through the assessment of the
development of this segment in the economy of the
Krasnodar region. For the evaluation of small
business development in the Krasnodar region we
used basic unit of economic analysis aimed at
determining the major trends of change in number of
organizations average number of employees,
revenues, as well as a number of relative indicators in
the whole segment and by major activities. It was
determined that the number of small businesses in the
Krasnodar region for three years practically did not
change, whereas a decrease in the number of workers
employed in this segment, revenue has a small
tendency to increase. In the structure of the segment
is dominated by micro-enterprises, 47% operate in
the trade sector. Indicators of development of small
business organizations meet the classification criteria
in terms of revenue for microenterprises and their
share in total number of companies this segment is
1%. The results of the study say the lack of a clear
strategy from small businesses, due to unavailability
of tools for its development, expressed the high value
of the resource and, as a consequence, ignoring this question when organizing the activities of enterprises.
Therefore, the question becomes more urgent the
development of tools of business modeling and
strategic planning adapted to the requirements of this
segment
The article presents results of the study to assess the effectiveness of credit funds in interacting agricultural (AES) and processing (PP) agricultural enterprises. The conducted studies are a continuation of the scientific work on the development of mathematical models of interaction of the enterprises of the AES and PP, are shown in the articles [1, 2, 3]. This article presents the authors’ developed set of models of management of credit funds of interacting enterprises of an agroindustrial complex. It includes mathematical models of economic efficiency of agricultural enterprises considering the use of loan funds, as well as the assessment of the maximum amount of interest rate of the loan and the minimum selling prices of units of finished agricultural products; a mathematical model of the economic efficiency of the processing plant taking into account credit obligations of the agricultural enterprise and a model for the calculation of the minimum selling prices of its finished products; a mathematical model of the economic efficiency of the combined entity with all its loans. We have proposed a model to calculate the minimum selling prices of its finished products
We are developing a new organizational-economic
theory - solidary information economy, based on
the views of Aristotle. The name of this theory has
changed over time. Initially, we used the term
"nonformal information economy of the future",
and then began to use the term "solidary
information economy." In connection with
Biocosmology and neo-Aristotelism preferred is an
adequate term "functionalist organic information
economy". This article summarizes the first phase
of work on the solidary information economy. We
have analyzed the array of publications. The main
problems are discussed, the solution of which is
devoted to research related to the considered basic
organizational and economic theory. The founder
of the economic theory is Aristotle. We discuss
Aristotle's positions, on which the economic theory
is based, in particular, solidary information
economy. We prove that the market economy has
remained in the XIX century and the mainstream in
modern economic science - justification of
insolvency of a market economy and the need to
move to a planned system of economic
management. We examine the impact of ICT on
economic activity. We develop the approaches to
decision-making in the solidary information
economy. On the basis of modern decision theory
(especially expert procedures) and informationcommunication
technologies people can get rid of
chrematistics and will understand the term of
"economy" according to Aristotle
The research is devoted to the problem of selecting the
software acquisition method for the company. To solve
this problem the decision support system which allows
automating the process of selecting the software
acquisition method was developed. The existing
methods of software acquisition were reviewed in the
article, as well as the analysis of possibility of their
comparison was conducted. This analysis showed that
the research should be limited to two alternatives -
purchase of licensed program and using Software as a
Service (SaaS). We substantiated the necessity of a
mechanism that would allow the company to
determine with a high degree of accuracy which
software acquisition method was the most preferred.
This mechanism was implemented in the framework of
a decision support system consisting of three main
blocks: database, model base and interface.
The basis of the model base consisted of indicators
calculated on the various methods for assessing the
economic efficiency of information technologies. The
above methods were ranked in descending order of
their informativeness. Based on these results the
algorithm of choice of software, the acquisition
method was proposed. This algorithm formed the basis
of the decision support system which block diagram is
also presented in the article. It is expected that the
developed decision support system will enhance the
validity of the decisions made, reduce the complexity
of the calculations, and minimize losses associated
with acceptance of erroneous decisions
Domestic and foreign experience of operation of the segment of "small" rural economy shows that its capabilities are still being used not completely out of the difficulties and risks of development. The main reason for the slow dynamics of the modern development of subjects of small farming (SAF), according to the authors, is the inaccessibility of the credit market in this sphere since the key rate of the Central Bank at 10.5%, which is too high and, therefore, significantly reduces the efficiency of the investments in this risky industrial sector. In addition, the most narrow «neck bottle» is remaining a unit of realization of products of small businesses. The authors propose a refined definition of "small agricultural businesses" that differs from the previous definitions by its conciseness and by including small enterprises of not only 1-st production, but also the 2-nd processing of agricultural sector. The study revealed that the most distinctive features of small agricultural forms are: high autonomy, independence, and self-protection from adverse environmental factors. The authors propose to adjust the long-term regional development program, and suggest the method of determining the capacity of the market for products of small agricultural farms with possibilities of a differentiated accounting of consumers by their income, residency, and consumption of domestic and other animals. They believe that the problem of affordability of lending and perfecting of system of marketing of small agricultural farming today is largely able to solve with the multi-level agricultural credit and sales-living cooperatives. The authors believe that the government should create a high-in-demand SAF productive assets and then transfer them to the operational management of cooperatives, with subsequent transformation of them into equity of the small participants of cooperatives
Availability of cooperation in the field of processing, storing, crediting and selling channels is the key to further successful development of subjects of small agrarian farms. It is shown, that modern cooperation allows creating 1-st level agricultural consumer cooperatives at the district level. Based on the region level, the 2-nd level Unions of cooperatives are being formed. The 3-rd level cooperatives may also appear on the Federal level or the level of Federal districts. The authors give the dynamics of financing of regional target programs of development of agricultural credit and sales cooperation in the Krasnodar region. Today, the province operates a two-level system of consumer agricultural cooperatives with the regional Guarantee Fund, which is supporting their development. The main aim of the Guarantee Fund is to ensure access of small farms to financial and material resources. For the 1-st level cooperatives, the Fund provides the possibility of further development and allows adding on 1 ruble of budget support additionally 9.1 credit ruble. Analysis of economic activity of subjects of small farming has showed that improving of the availability and timeliness of accessing loans from agricultural credit consumer cooperatives for the purpose of production of gross amounts volume and production profitability of agricultural products. Moreover, the development of the practice of multi-level cooperation as condition is to improve the functioning of small agricultural farms, their credit new loan program and product distribution are illustrated
The article shows the economic mechanism of operation of the vertical cooperation of small agricultural farms and their quantitative characteristics. There is great attention paid to the work of Revising Union; and there are shown: its objectives, its stabilizing role in lending to small businesses, and the volume of regional lending. The proposed project is meant to improve the current economy mechanism of vertical cooperation, to increase efficiency of regulation of the development process of consumer cooperatives of small farming with future possibility of public offering of constituent entities of the production infrastructure created with participation of the state. The authors recommend creating joint infrastructural facilities for small business with active engaging of the government, which will increase currently low motivation of participants of small-scale agricultural farming (SAF) in building a new cooperation. It is recommended to actively enhance the process of creating of infrastructure of economic activity, the state features in the construction of production, supply, logistics, processing, marketing and other necessary for practical objects in the form of storage facilities, slaughterhouses, depots mine-mineral fertilizers etc. It is proposed to enhance preparation and retraining of personnel for working with small farms and especially in their consumer cooperatives. To increase efficiency of the informative-consultative instrument of development of small business by adding more state funding, more actively implement a scheme of public-private partnerships with cooperatives of small agricultural farming. The crucial condition for successful development of SAF is lobbying interests of participants of small agrarian business by giving opportunities from regional Chambers of commerce and industry, by establishing associations of small forms of management to protect interests of participants in use of land, resources provision, lending, product sales, and other important concerns