The problems of creating an optimal microclimate in the closed workshops of poultry farms are relevant for the regions of the south of Russia and the Northern Caucasus, especially acute these problems are for Kabardino-Balkaria. The used zoohygienic measures and existing ventilation systems of closed poultry houses need to be improved and adapted to the local natural conditions. The purpose of the work was to research and develop effective ventilation systems for closed poultry houses in hot climates. Existing ventilation systems and zoohygienic conditions in closed-type poultry houses were studied and investigated. According to the results, the main disadvantages of the existing ventilation systems and their low efficiency were established. And on their basis, new technical solutions have been found to create more efficient ventilation systems for closed poultry houses that provide the optimal microclimate: temperature, humidity and pressure. With the active participation of the author, new technical solutions have been developed and proposed, for which two applications for obtaining patents have been prepared: one for a utility model - for a device for moistening and cooling wall ventilation ducts of poultry houses; the second is for the invention - on the method of erecting a cooling system and humidifying the ventilation panels of the supply. During their implementation, these new technical solutions allow creating such a microclimate, thanks to which optimal indicators of productivity and growth, uniformity, efficiency of feed and meat gain are achieved, without reducing the characteristics of the health and well-being of birds. Ventilation is becoming a major factor in microclimate control in closed houses and the epizootological resistance of birds
One of the most widespread infections affecting newborn pigs is colibacillosis. The set of factors contributes to the development of this disease: non-compliance with elementary veterinary health regulations of conducting pig-breeding, an error in technologies of contents and feeding, stressful situations, and as a result, emergence of the specific factors contributing to illness emergence (dysbacterioses, activation of conditionally pathogenic microflora). In addition, not always specific prophylaxis of colibacillosis is in due time and successfully carried out that is generally bound to disharmony of antigenic composition vaccine drug and originator of the pathogenic potential. In this connection, use of new agents and ways of improvement of prophylaxis of colibacillosis for pigs is represented a current problem in veterinary medicine. The purpose of this work was studying diffusion of colibacillosis among bacterial infections of pigs and establishment preventive efficiency of colibacillosis anatoxin at vaccination the pregnant pigs. Dispersal of colibacillosis was studied in a complex with use the epizootological, anamnestic, clinical, pathologicoanatomic, bacteriological methods of research and also on basis materials the veterinary reports of economy. Allocation of microorganisms was carried out with use differential and diagnostic, selective mediums, identification − with use of traditional methods of bacteriological diagnostics, on the basis cultural, the tinktorial and biochemical properties. Researches showed what colibacillosis at pigs is registered in 37,5-51,4% of cases and wins first place among infections of pigs of a bacterial etiology. When studying efficiency prophylaxis of colibacillosis with bacterination use the pregnant pigs anatoxin containing three types inactivated by formalin exotoxins of the Escherichia coli, have established decrease in indicators of incidence and lethality also high safety of pigs (96%) concerning Escherichia coli
The production of eggs is one of the most important indicators of the productivity of poultry, including chickens The main purpose of breeding chickens in the collections of genetic resources - conservation of genetic diversity. The chickens from the collection of genetic resources it is also possible to receive products, for example, in the form of eggs. The account of the egg productivity of the chickens showed that the intensity of egg production varies among representatives of different directions of productivity. The most stable egg-laying was possessed by chickens of breeds New Hampshire, Black Australian, Dutch white. These breeds are bred as breeds of egg direction of productivity. But they are characterized by long downturns in egg production, lasting more than 7 days. Chickens of meat direction by stable, but low intensity of egg production. All the chickens had a short period For all chickens a short period is characteristic, when the egg-laying is kept at a certain level. It is 30-40 days, after which there is a gradual decrease in this indicator. Such a high level of genetic diversity in egg production in gene pool makes it possible to use this bird as a model object for studying its features
In the diagnosis of subclinical, serous and catarral mastitis of cows a wide range of microorganisms has been isolated, including the genera Streptococcus (Str. disgalactiae, Str. agalactiae, Str. pyogenes), Staphylococcus (St. aureus, St. epidermidis) и E. coli. When treating cows with mastitis with argovit, the average duration of treatment for animals was2.9 +0.1, 3.3 + 0.3, 4.1 +0,2 days, which is 1.6, 1.9, 1.8 times less compared with the drug spectromast in the control group. The effect of argovit containing silver nanoparticles on antibiotic sensitivity in selected microflora in the treatment of subclinical, serous and catarrhal mastitis of cows was studied. Studies conducted to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of isolated microorganisms after the treatment of mastitis of cows showed the dependence of the results, both on the drug used and on the clinical form of the disease. It has been established that the use of spectromast causes a pronounced decrease in19 (76%) preparations with subclinical, 24 (96%) serous and 23 (92%) catarrhal mastitis. It was also noted that with the development of the pathological process, an increase in the appearance of previously absent resistance to antibacterial drugs was observed with subclinical6 (24%), serous 7 (28%), catarrhal 8 (32%) mastitis of the cows. While using argovit, an increase in antibiotic sensitivity to 21 drugs (84%) in subclinical, 24(96%) in serous and 23 (92%) catarrhal mastitis was revealed. In the treatment of subclinical mastitis in the experimental group, a slight decrease was observed for 4 (16%) drugs
The article reflects information characterizing the significance of mastitis and endometritis in the indicator of premature disposal of cows from herds of large farms in the western regions of the Krasnodar region: an average of 30% of the total culling of cows. The effectiveness of veterinary measures in Pravoberezhny JSC of the Temryuk district for mastitis and endometritis in cows was assessed: 81-95%; fertilization index value ‒ 1.8; the duration of the service period exceeds the requirements by 20 days. The studies the nature of the influence of the drugs called Sepranol and Uteroton on the calving process and the occurrence of postpartum complications in cows from the herd, which was formed with violation of breeding principles. The use of the drugs Uteroton and Sepranol contributed to a 50% decrease in the calving index in calving cows by 50% compared with the results of the combined use of estrophan and oxytocin. The use of Uteroton reduced the damage from the lack of milk by 87880 rubles, and the use of Sepranol - by 171164 rubles. We have given practical recommendation on the use of Uteroton and Sepranol for veterinary effects on the body of cows in the early postpartum period in order to reduce the occurrence of complications
In the article, there were shown the experimental researches describing the influence of parameters of electrical ozonization of the premises of egg storehouse at concentration of ozone in 20 mg/m3 on survival of following stimulants: S. aureus, S. choleraesuis, P. vulgaris, E. coli. There was determined that ozone has an ability to detain the growth of fungi on biological substrates as well as it slows down the process of mould appearance on egg shell surface even at 90% of relative moisture. The aim of scientific experiment is obtaining of regression models of influence of parameters of electrical ozonization on main sanitary-model microorganisms contaminating the shell of incubation eggs. To assess the effectiveness of ozonization there was adopted the parameter of survival for four main pathogenic microbiological test-objects which predominate on egg shells. The correlation and regression analysis of factors and determination of value of equation coefficients there were conducted using the program STATISTICA 6.1. The correlation analysis was made by the method of Pierson. Approximation was obtained by the method of polynomial. On the results of researches there was determined that the least survival of present test-bacteria at concentration of ozone in 20 mg/m3 is achieved at exposition 84 minutes. So, the rational time the electrical technological process of ozonization of egg storehouse of poultry factories presents the sum of obtained exposition and time of regulation
The article deals with angiogenesis of squamous papillomas of dogs, which is a process of formation of blood vessels, providing neovascularization of tumors with their progression. The differentiation of papillomas depending on morphological and histological features was carried out, progressive and hyperkeratinized types were identified, which determine the stage of development and transition from one to another in the process of tumor growth. It is noted that with the progression of papillomas, the area of the constituent elements of the tumor increases, both due to the stroma and due to the parenchyma, but the stromal-parenchymal ratio changes in the direction of increasing the parenchymal component. Analysis of angiogenesis showed heterogeneity of the isolated vessels, both within the stromal component of papillomas, and depending on the type of tumors. There are three types of vessels – small, medium and large, there is a similar ratio of different types of vessels, regardless of the type of papillomas. Localization of vessels in the stroma depending on belonging to the selected species was studied. The total area of the section of blood vessels with cancer increases, and the ratio of the total area of the section of blood vessels to the area of the stroma is almost at the same level, which determines the dependence of the increase in the stromal component of papillomas from angiogenesis
This work is a continuation of the author's series of works on cognitive veterinary medicine. The present period is characterized by the appearance of huge volumes of texts in different languages in the open access, generated by people. Currently, these texts are accumulated in various electronic libraries and bibliographic databases (WoS, Scopus, RSCI, etc.), as well as on the Internet on various sites. All these texts have specific authors, dates and can belong simultaneously to many non-alternative categories and genres, in particular: educational; scientific; artistic; political; news; chats; forums and many others. The solution of the generalized problem of attribution of texts is of great scientific and practical interest, i.e. studying these texts, which would reveal their probable authors, date of creation, the ownership of these texts to the above generalized categories or genres, and might evaluate the similarities - differences of authors and texts according to their content, highlight key words etc. To solve all these problems it seems necessary to form the generalized linguistic images of texts into groups (classes), i.e. to form semantic kernels of classes. A special case of this problem is the creation of the semantic kernel in various scientific specialties of the HAC of the Russian Federation and the automatic classification of scientific texts in the areas of science. Traditionally, this task is solved by dissertation councils, i.e. experts, on the basis of expert assessments, i.e. in an informal way, on the basis of experience, intuition and professional competence. However, the traditional approach has a number of serious drawbacks that impose significant limitations on the quality and volume of analysis. Currently, there are all grounds to consider these restrictions as unacceptable, because they can be overcome. Thus, there is a problem, the solutions of which are the subject of consideration in this article. Therefore, the efforts of researchers and developers to overcome them are relevant. Therefore, the aim of the work is to develop an automated technology (method and tools), as well as methods of their application for the formation of the semantic core of veterinary medicine by automated system-cognitive analysis of passports of scientific specialties of the HAC of the Russian Federation and automatic classification of texts in the areas of science. A detailed numerical example of solving the problem on real data has been given as well
The article gives results of a comparative study of the growth and development of young cattle of Holstein breed belonging to the Reflection Sovering and Vis Baidial lines, born with the method of transplantation of embryos, and their coevals born with a standard method. Technology of growing of young cattle in both groups was identical, accepted in the economy. During suckling period, the heifers got 300 kg of full-milk. During a period from 3 to 8 months, they were contained in cages for small group maintenance, from an 8 month age, they were contained loose, on pasture grounds. Living mass and average daily increases of experimental heifers changed differently. The rates of height and average daily increases in an experimental group turned out to be higher, than for coevals of the control group. It is proved by the researches, that heifers born with the method of transplantation of embryos are equal to ones who were born with a traditional method in the rates of height and development and even excel coevals at the certain periods. In the age of the first insemination, living mass of heifers of the experimental group was 365 kg, which was 14 kg more compared to coevals of the control group. In all studied age-related periods, heifers of the experimental group excelled coevals of the control group in average daily increases. From their birth and up to 14-th month age, exceeding on increases was 37gr; to the age of the first insemination, heifers of the experimental group were more developed. Taking into account the genetic potential in heifer embryos and their best height and development, it proves the expediency of the use of transplantation of embryos
The article presents the results of a study of the features of growth and development of young bulls in the conditions of Central Yakutia when mineral feed additives are included in their rations. The scientific experience was carried out on the basis of the cattle-breeding farm "Churapcha". For the experiment were selected bullhead Hereford breed at the age of 7 months. Experimental groups of animals were formed by the method of analogues. Such indicators as age, live weight, fatness, physiological state were taken into account. The control group of bulls received the main ration. In comparison with the control group, analogs with I experimental group, in addition to the basic ration, received zeolite 0.5 g / kg body weight, 150 g sapropel and 0.04 g potassium iodide. The animals of the II experimental group received, in addition to the basic ration of zeolite hongurin, at a dose of 0.7 g / kg body weight, 200 g of sapropel with 10 g of copper sulphate. The duration of scientific experience - 7 months. Studies have shown that the addition to the diet of mineral feed additives has influenced the growth and development of bulls. So, when the age of 15 months was reached, according to the compactness index, the bulls of the control group were slightly inferior to their peers by 0.9 % compared to the first experimental group and 5.8 % to the second experimental group. According to the massiveness index, gobies of the I and II experimental groups exceeded the gobies of the control group by 0.5 % and 0.3 %. Upon reaching the age of 15 months on the index of compactness, the bulls of the experimental groups had the best indicators