To assess the impact of investments on the results of the Agro-industrial complex, we use an adaptive management system for open systems
The article presents results of studies on the intraspecific structure of the population of blast causative agent using sets of tester varieties from International Rice Research Institute - IRRI. The differentiation of the fungus population on tester varieties is the most progressive, since it allows one to determine the virulence genotypes of races of pathogens and identify the resistance genes of rice plants effective for them. The work has studied the diversity of blast causative agent in released rice varieties by morphological and cultural traits. Currently, in the world, the resistance of rice plants to blast is becoming one of the important indicators of the competitiveness of varieties. The basis for the successful rice breeding for resistance to blast is the availability of source material with a fairly wide spectrum and a high level of resistance. Resistance donors are selected based on the identification of genes that control this trait in rice
The main component of agricultural production is machinery, which is a complex technical system (harvesters, agricultural machines, tractors, cars, etc.). The practice of operation of technically complex machines shows that, in general, the process of replacing worn parts and working devices of agricultural machinery with new ones prevails, and the number of restored products is small. However, experience shows that the technological process of restoration of machine parts allows you to get high quality surfaces of such parts and reduce the cost of repair. One of effective methods of restoration of surface layers of details is gas-flame spraying with the subsequent laser reflow. The article presents the results of the study of the zone of thermal influence in steels U8A and St3, as well as the influence of laser reflow regimes on its microhardness in these steels. It is established that the higher the laser power and the lower the speed of movement of the optical head, the larger the size of the thermal influence zone. Conversely, the lower the power of the laser and the higher the speed of movement of the head, the smaller the size of the zone of thermal influence. The power of the laser and the speed of movement of the optical head slightly affect the value of microhardness. It was also noted that promising areas in the field of restoration of parts of agricultural machines laser welding are: a scientific rationale for the selection of powders; the study of regularities of changes of the microstructure parts, regularities of formation of layers; development of modes and justification of regimes of welding; and, ultimately, the development process of restoring the specific parts
The instrumental methods of economics include the Monte Carlo method (statistical simulations method). It is widely used in the development, study and application of mathematical research methods in econometrics, applied statistics, organizational and economic modeling, in the development and making management decisions, in the basis of simulation modeling. The new paradigm of mathematical research methods developed by us is based on the use of the Monte Carlo method. In mathematical statistics, limit theorems on the asymptotic behavior of the considered random values were obtained for many methods of data analysis with an unlimited increase in sample volumes. The next step is to study the properties of these random values for finite sample sizes. For such a study, the Monte-Carlo method is used. In this article, we use this method to study the properties of statistical criteria for testing the homogeneity of two independent samples. We considered the most used in the analysis of real data criteria - Cramer-Welch, which coincides with the equality of the sample sizes with Student's criterion; Lord, Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney), Wolfowitz, Van der Waerden, Smirnov, type omega-square (Lehmann-Rosenblatt). The Monte Carlo method allows us to estimate the rates of convergence of distributions of criteria statistics to the limits, to compare the properties of the criteria for finite sample sizes. To use the Monte Carlo method, it is necessary to select the distribution functions of the elements of the two samples. For this purpose, normal and Weibull – Gnedenko distributions are used. The recommendation was received: to test the hypothesis of coincidence of distribution functions of two samples, it is advisable to use the Lehmann-Rosenblatt (type omega-square) test. If there is reason to assume that the distributions differ mainly by the shift, then the Wilcoxon test and Van der Waerden criteria can also be used. However, even in this case, the omega-square type test may be more powerful. In the general case, besides the Lehmann-Rosenblatt criterion, the use of the Smirnov criterion is permissible, although for this criterion the real level of significance may differ from the nominal level of significance. We sstudied the frequency of discrepancies of statistical findings on different criteria
The economic and operational reliability of building structures to a large extent depends on the preservation of the bearing capacity of thin-walled structures, in particular, rods with viscoelastic properties. The presence of invisible microdefects in them can lead not only to a decrease in the bearing capacity, but also to the destruction of structures. For the detection of microdefects by acoustic diagnostic methods, it is necessary to know the dependence of the longitudinal strain wave velocity on the rheological properties of the structural material. Such dependences can be revealed by the construction and analysis of mathematical models describing viscoelastic deformation waves formed in rod systems made of a material with rheological properties
The problem of linear motion of agricultural transporting vehicle (ATV) without satellite systems is a complex and difficult task. The consequences of non-linear movement associated with irregularity fertilizing, non-compliance between the rows and irregularity plowing leads which will leads to unnecessary costs for operating materials, which will causes significant economics damage to agricultural enterprises. In this case. In this article, we have presented theoretical foundations of simulation modeling of the course motion of the ATV taking into account wheel slipping for analyzing the effects of non-linear motion. There were also some results of checking their adequacy from field tests
The article outlines the idea of a methodology for locating distribution centers of a spatially distributed distribution network without restrictions on the territory. In the past fifteen years in Russia, the profitability of offices and retail space has been significantly higher than logistic complexes. At present, it is possible to talk about a change in the investment attractiveness of the segment of distribution centers and storage facilities. The method consists in solving three problems: determining the number of distribution centers that need to be placed using the method of comparing options; determination of the best locations for placement of distribution centers using the ant colony algorithm; identification of the best location from the previously determined ant colony algorithm using the penalty function method. This method of optimal placement of objects of a spatially distributed complex can be applied not only to the distribution network, but also to any transport company with distribution centers, for example, a logistics company, delivery services, etc.
The article presents data from 3-year observations of the weather conditions influence on the effectiveness of applied fertilizers in the crops of the Yantar variety of coriander on leached black soil (chernozem) under the conditions of land use at the training and experimental station of the Stavropol State Agrarian University. The materials presented in the article indicate that the agrometeorological conditions of 2016 and 2017 as a whole were most favorable for the formation of a coriander crop. As studies have shown, the amount of precipitation during the spring-summer period of the growing season of the crop was 337 mm, which is 11% higher than the long-term average. The year 2018 in terms of climatic indicators turned out to be significantly worse than the previous two years, the amount of precipitation during the coriander vegetation period turned out to be 125 mm or 58% lower than the long-term average, which significantly affected the crop yield this year. In the most optimal agroclimatic indicators in 2016, the maximum increase in crop productivity was noted on the N60P60K60 variant - 0.49 t / ha, on the same option in moistened 2017, the increase level was 0.39 t / ha. Last year2018 was marked as extremely arid, the maximum increase in coriander yield was noted on the option with P60 and amounted to 0.35 t / ha. It was established that the maximum increase in the yield of coriander oil seeds on average in the experiment on leached chernozem was achieved with the options: P60 is 0.37 t / ha, N60P60 is 0.41 t / ha, N60P60K60 is 0.34 t / ha, which significantly higher than other fertilized experience options. The economic efficiency of the coriander seeds production, depending on the types and combinations of minerals, turned out to be most effective when applying a single mineral fertilizer, P60, compared with other options for experience, an increase in profit to 17500 rubles and the level of profitability of production by 23%
This article is devoted to a problem of effective management of a financial and economic condition of companies on the example of the enterprises of oil products supply. We consider questions of support of adoption of management decisions which concern stabilization of a financial condition of the company and as a result of decrease in financial risks. The article also provides a description of the program complex called FESP_ON developed by the authors allowing to carry out the profound complex assessment of a financial and economic condition of Societies of oil products supply
The management of the process of implementation of projects at the refinery should be carried out comprehensively. To improve the diagnostic system of insulation of the stator windings of electric motors with a voltage above 1 kilovolt, it is necessary to involve specialists of all sub-divisions. This will allow a comprehensive approach to the problem of reducing the intensity of labor, and, consequently, to reduce the norms of time for performing operations provided for by the technological process. It is proposed to create a project team consisting of the following specialists: General Director, chief designer, chief electrician, lead engineer for adjustment and testing, Deputy Director for production, head of the Department of labor and wages, chief economist. In addition, the design should involve the heads of shops and sites, directly managing and organizing processes in the workplace. Domestic and foreign experience shows that the introduction of diagnostic tools is one of the most important factors in increasing the economic efficiency of the use of equipment in the industry. Purpose of diagnostics is identification and prevention of failures and malfunctions, maintenance of operational indicators within the established limits, forecasting of a condition for the purpose of full use of a resource