The objective of this article was to develop the concept of decision-making support in business assessment in mergers and acquisitions. The concept is developed with regard to system and process approaches, international and federal estimation standards, including projects of standards under development. The article presents the following research findings obtained personally by the author: mergers and acquisitions are classified; the validity of investment value for business assessment in mergers and acquisitions is shown; conditions of appraiser’s independence are given. The summary of findings allowed elaborating provisions of the concept of decision-making support in business assessment in mergers and acquisitions. The scientific novelty of the concept in question is provided with the use of investment value as a basic value of the target company and consideration for each party based on the model of their preferences. The practical relevance of this work is that the concept in question extends the methodological modeling basis for preferences of parties to a transaction, for the decision-making support in business assessment in mergers and acquisitions and study of effectiveness of algorithms proposed using business simulation games
The research about effectiveness of ammonium
nitrate with sowing and in phase of corn 5-6 leaves and row spacing cultivation before straw mulching was done in 2011-2013. The scheme of trial
included the variants with straw mulching and
without it. The variants without fertilizers and with small doses of them on background without mulching gave higher yield of cobs milk maturity then with mulching. But variants with maximum fertilizers (with sowing N30 and in phase of corn 5-6 leaves N30) gave maximum yield of cobs milk maturity 16,4 t/ha that is higher then similar variant without mulching for 1,7 t/ha. These results were confirmed by analysis of characters of growth and development of corn plants, productivity, and economic effectiveness. Therefore, net profit on variant with fertilizers with sowing N30 and additional fertilizing N30 on background of straw mulching increased for 75490 rubles for 1 ha in comparison with similar variant without mulching. The profitability on the best variant was 335 %
The article represents the analysis of problems of interpersonal relationships between somatically impaired children at the primary school age included in the category of ailing children, and their peers. On the basis of theoretical literature analysis, the author gives definitions to the following concepts: “somatically impaired children”, “ailing children”, “interpersonal relationships”. This article highlights outcomes of empiric research whose objective was to study: firstly, referentometric status of ailing children at the primary school age among their classmates. Secondly, if ailing children are “reference core” of the group, e.g., the students whose estimations and opinions are important to other peers. Third, the conditions which contribute to inclusion of a student into a reference group were revealed. The author distinguished the following factors which may influence on the referentometric status: school results, self-esteem, level of school motivation, level of general school anxiety. The author comes to the conclusion about characteristics of referentometric status of ailing children at the primary school age among their classmates. On the basis of the obtained forming experiment data, the author distinguished the conditions which contribute to occurrence of positive interpersonal relationships with ailing children in the school groups
In this article we consider a mathematical model of effect of non-compliance with the prevention of HIV/AIDS among a heterogeneous population based on known model by Kimbir et al (2006). The effectiveness of a condom use and implications of non-compliance with a population of preventive measures (condoms) are the aim of this research work. In this work, with definite coefficients, nonlinear model is used, which consists of system of six differential equations for different population groups (six groups of the population) to obtain the model equations. Compared with the existing model by Kimbir, the proposed model to a large extent, takes into account the birth rate of the studied population. Numerical simulation of the model equations shows that reducing the rate of transmission of HIV/AIDS can be effectively achieved within a certain time, and only where relatively high condom efficacy and high compliance by susceptible and infected are observed. From the obtained results, we can see that the control of HIV/AIDS in the heterosexual population depends on the net compliance and effectiveness of the recommended prevention (condom use). As a recommendation, the model focuses on intensive training and ongoing campaigns to raise the awareness of the population by governmental and non-governmental agencies on the effective use of the condom
This article is dedicated to the modern problems of economic security of organizations. The subject of research is economic security of a company that is actually a question of the economic science and practice in the changing realities of the activities. The author researches questions of determination of economic security of enterprises by modern Russian scientists which are reduced to three different treatments of the nature of this economic category. The first approach defines economic security based on the availability of threats. The second approach is expressed through the provision of economic security as a condition. The third approach is a symbiosis of the first two. Factors classifications are provided coming from different factorial signs which can be based on the analysis of their display area, effects and as resources of the enterprise. Classification on the basis of the resource approach seems original that allows identifying areas of risk exposure and elements of the economic security of the enterprise. The authors have noted that resources can be personnel, technology, organizational structure, innovation, management, property company; finance companies, etc. All the factors can be divided into qualitative and quantitative which influence to economic security enterprises alike. The potential of resource approach is not disclosed and this is actually a problem of modern economic science
Studies of ecosystems allow estimation of difficult processes (physical, chemical and biological), taking place in them and determine how to manage them. At the heart of the natural systems there are freely interacting populations of different taxons, productivity of their above-ground structures, details of which are quite limited, and as underground systems, the data have even less information. In the late 60s and early 70s in the XX century a lot of information appeared associated with problems of environment, its pollution, lack of energy of food resources, clean water; it determined the root cause of the reaction of the population of developed countries on the aggravation of relations between society of people and habitat. Existed for a long time the concept of the exploitation of nature, which reflected on using soils, forests, water and other sources and which showed the power of mankind and its technical power over nature. In reality, this concept was just a common strategy of aphids sucking their environment. Understanding the real situation on the different levels of consciousness of the population defined situation of practical and scientific research in the field of ecology of different directions - chemical, biological, mathematical and other sciences. Development of ecology today will evolve to meet conservation and sustainable development of the biosphere, which experiencing constant anthropogenic pressure. An important problem of agrolandscape systems is an objective assessment of their productivity. Among the issues that determine the development of agricultural systems there are the natural conditions and soil fertility, crop dynamics over the years, the duration of the growing season of individual taxons, as well as the possibility of create of mixed crops, different type of life form, ecological features, physiological diversity of biochemical characteristics. Sowings this type allow, under certain conditions, obtaining stable yields under any climate dynamics and significant reduction of soil erosion. Combined sowing that is practiced in South East Asia, particularly in China, where the main components are the soybean and corn. The usefulness of mixed crops is the stability of yields over the years and the ability to emphasize their resistance to dry weather conditions
The article is concerned with principal conditions, mechanisms and techniques on the development of teenagers’ subject qualities. Identification criteria of the development are described. Learning process is viewed as the main identification factor of teenagers’ status as subjects of learning activity. The conclusion is made about the influence of enabling educational environment and involvement of teenagers in learning group on teenagers’ subjectivity development. The definition of “enabling educational environment” is viewed as well. The article reveals the distinction between “educational environment” and “enabling educational environment”. The stage of teenager’s development as a subject of learning activity is identified by results of such personality activity dimensions as social activity, the attitude to school and learning process, the maturity level of learning activity and interests, self-concept, school progress. The articles points out the question of phased group development in the process of cooperative activity and communication based on parametric conception of small group development. The set of teaching techniques on personality activity dimensions is represented
This article is devoted to the investigations of our research team built for independent collection and examination the information about prices, ie to study the real inflation. The approach to measuring the rise in prices is based on selecting and fixing tool of economists and managers - the consumer basket which does not change during the time. On the basis of physiological consumption norms of the Institute of Nutrition (Russian Academy of medical Sciences) we made up the minimum consumer basket, ie we set annual consumption on food staples required to maintain normal functioning of the human body. In 1993-2015 we carried out an independent price collection. We obtained values of the consumer basket and inflation indices. We give the comparison with the data of official statistics. Our work is aimed at the elimination of Rosstat's monopoly in calculating the index of inflation, the minimum subsistence level and the real disposable income of the population. Using the same consumer basket makes it possible to compare the results of calculations for different time periods. That is why our works compare favorably to the approach of the official statistics. We have given a more detailed analysis of inflation in the XXI century. We have also briefly reviewed the use of inflation indices in the analysis of problems of households, organizations and production firms, as well as the country as a whole
Small business is an important part of modern Russian economy. We give a wide panorama developed by us of possible approaches to the construction of economic-mathematical models that may be useful to describe the dynamics of small businesses, as well as management. As for the description of certain problems of small business can use a variety of types of economic-mathematical and econometric models, we found it useful to consider a fairly wide range of such models, which resulted in quite a short description of the specific models. In this description of the models brought to such a level that an experienced professional in the field of economic-mathematical modeling could, if necessary, to develop their own specific model to the stage of design formulas and numerical results. Particular attention is paid to the use of statistical methods of non-numeric data, the most pressing at the moment. Are considered the problems of economic-mathematical modeling in solving problems of small business marketing. We have accumulated some experience in application of the methodology of economic-mathematical modeling in solving practical problems in small business marketing, in particular in the field of consumer goods and industrial purposes, educational services, as well as in the analysis and modeling of inflation, taxation and others. In marketing models of decision making theory we apply rankings and ratings. Is considered the problem of comparing averages. We present some models of the life cycle of small businesses - flow model projects, model of capture niches, and model of niche selection. We discuss the development of research on economic-mathematical modeling of small businesses
Some estimators of the probability density function in spaces of arbitrary nature are used for various tasks in statistics of non-numerical data. Systematic exposition of the theory of such estimators had a start in our work [2]. This article is a direct continuation of the article [2]. We will regularly use references to conditions and theorems of the article [2], in which we introduced several types of nonparametric estimators of the probability density. We studied more linear estimators. In this article we consider particular cases - kernel density estimates in spaces of arbitrary nature. When estimating the density of the one-dimensional random variable, kernel estimators become the Parzen-Rosenblatt estimators. Asymptotic behavior of kernel density estimators in the general case of an arbitrary nature spaces are devoted to Theorem 1 - 8. Under different conditions we prove the consistency and asymptotic normality of kernel density estimators. We have studied uniform convergence. We have introduced the concept of "preferred rate differences" and studied nuclear density estimators based on it. We have also introduced and studied natural affinity measures which are used in the analysis of the asymptotic behavior of kernel density estimators. We have found the asymptotic behavior of dispersions of kernel density estimators and considered the examples including kernel density estimators in finite-dimensional spaces and in the space of square-integrable functions