The article focuses on how to define the notion of
youth as it is considered today, and is aimed to reveal
the main social functions in this category, such as
educational, professional, cultural, and others,
depending on particular historical conditions.
A high-demand model of focusing young people's
attention on numerous tasks and contemporary
challenges the modern society faces is described
within the context of the youth leadership concept.
This results in working out some strategic programmes
and training courses.
The peculiarities of the youth labor market give the
opportunity to integrate into the market economy and
form young people's attitude to labor. The crucial point
is to figure it out how the modern system of youth
involvement can be correlated with some structural
components that determine common competitive
features and preferences of the young generation. A
resource-balanced approach to organizing quality labor
and social activity of the young generation is presented
in the article
Recently, there have been satellite-based methods
widely used to determine the coordinates of points,
which allow, without mutual visibility between
points, to pursue their coordinates. However, in
some cases, for example in forests, in urban buildings
the application of these methods becomes a
problem and it is easier to apply traditional methods.
The article describes the case of using the method of
calculation of coordinates for "the approach of Hansen"
and held to evaluate the accuracy of determining
the coordinates of the points. Some studies provide
only recommendation guidelines that the most
accurate results are obtained when the shape of the
building is shaped similar to a square. In our case, on
the basis of obtained formulae we had an analysis of
the influence of the length of the corresponding base,
and its distance from the source side on the accuracy
of determination of coordinates of the original
points. The conclusion is that the accuracy of determination
of coordinates of required points depends
on the ratio of the length of the original basis and the
baseline. The optimal can be considered the distance
equal to 0.3-0.6 of the length of the baseline. The
holding data in the study can successfully be used
for the drafting of geodetic reference polygonometries
moves and thickening of networks
The article examines an important matter of topical
problems of the thickening of planned justification
from the starting points, for which we have known or
predetermined locations using satellite-surveying instruments.
The authors present a method of solving the
problem of two geodetic reference points using two
sources (the approach of the Hansen) by determining
the true adjoining corners and converting the problem
to the solution of direct angular notches. We have also
given a numerical example of the solution and the
estimated accuracy of the obtained coordinates of the
points P and Q using found valid adjoining corners
and edge lengths of the resulting triangles
HOW TO SOLVE THE TASK OF CLASSIFICATION OF TYPES OF RIFLE AMMUNITION USING THE METHOD OF ASCANALYSIS
In criminology, there are actual problems of determining
the type (machine gun, rifle, large caliber, pistol)
and a particular model of small rifle for its ammunition,
in particular, discovered in the use of weapons.
The article proposes a solution to this problem with the
use of a new innovative method of artificial intelligence:
automated system-cognitive analysis (ASCanalysis)
and its programmatic toolkit – a universal
cognitive analytical system called "Eidos". In the system
of "Eidos", we have implemented a software interface
that provides input to the system images, and the
identification of their external contours on the basis of
luminance and color contrast. Typing by multiparameter
contour images of specific ammunition, we create
and verify the system-cognitive model, with the use of
which (if the model is sufficiently reliable), we can
solve problems of system identification, classification,
study of the simulated object by studying its model
and others. For these tasks we perform the following
steps: 1) enter the images of ammunitions into the system
of "Eidos" and create mathematical models of
their contours; 2) synthesis and verification of models
of the generalized images of ammunition for types of
weapons based on the contour images of specific munitions
(multivariate typology); 3) quantification of the
similarities-differences of the specific ammunition
with generalized images of ammunition of various
types and models of small rifle (system identification);
4) quantification of the similarities-differences of the
types of munitions, i.e. cluster-constructive analysis
There is a widely known problem regarding the
ordering of the partially ordered sets (Linear Ordering
Problem). It boils down to finding the numerations of
such sets. The main result of this article is a
generalization of one of the known S. S. Kislitsyn's
results about finding the number of numerations of
finite partially ordered sets
We should have trained staff to implement
innovative strategies. Therefore, it is natural, that a
lot of attention is paid to the staffing of the
management processes of innovative activity at the
enterprises of the rocket and space industry (RCP).
Training and human resources management in
accordance with current legislation should be based
on professional standards. The content of
professional standards should reflect the results of
forecasting scientific and technical progress in the
field, for example, in the RCP. It is necessary to
forecast trends in the use of information and
communication technologies in solving management
problems in the socio-economic sphere in order to
reflect these developments in professional standards.
The approach to solving this problem is the subject
of this article. What should the professional standard
be like in the RCP? The main problem lies in the
fact that although the standard is to be enacted in the
near future, its actual impact on the industry will
start in 5 - 10 years and will continue for at least
another 10 years, ie, until the 2030s. Professional
standards should come from "Education through
Science" concept, ie, knowledge, skills,
competences, provided by a professional standard,
should be based on modern scientific achievements.
For example, mathematical methods of research
should be based on a new paradigm in the area of
knowledge and statistical data analysis methods
must meet high statistical techniques. For the
development of professional standards in the field of
the RCP it is necessary to predict the characteristics
of the qualification (level of knowledge, skills and
experience) required the employee to carry out
professional activities in the RCP in 2020 - 2030.
Modern information and communication
technologies are creating a fundamentally new
situation in the organization of the economy. We
have an ability to manage the work of organizational
units, scattered throughout the world, from a single
center. The requirement of presence in the
workplace is mainly a relic of the past. We have a
lot of advantages in a remote work
In this article, we discuss various issues related to the
formulas approximating the distribution function of
prime numbers pi(x). This question has occupied many
scholars, but the exact function is well approximated
function pi(x) over the number of positive integers not.
Based on certain hypotheses, we present a new
function s(x) is very well approximated pi(x). The
above article hypotheses are so important that their
numerical validation and refinement for the lengths of
the segments more in 1014 - one of the main areas
related to the problem of approximation of the function
pi(x) throughout the series of natural numbers. After
analyzing the behaviors and constructs many
functions, we are building the basis of the function
s(x), which is well approximates the function pi(x)
throughout the series of natural numbers. We also
present a table of values for x, less or equal 1022 for the
difference of s(x) - pi(x)
In this article we discuss a version of the metric theory
of the fundamental interactions in which it is assumed
that the physical constants due to the presence of extra
dimensions of space-time. The estimation of the
number of physical constants based on the theory of
supergravity in 112D is that the minimum number of
constants is equal to 222, and the maximum number -
1404928. At present, the number of parameters that
characterize the elementary particles, isotopes and
chemical elements is about 150920. This number is 9.3
less than the maximum possible number of parameters
that indicate still great potential of modern science.
Functions describing the area and volume of a unit
hypersphere, embedded in a Riemannian space of
arbitrary dimension, were used to find the fundamental
physical constants. A satisfactory agreement with a
relative error of 0.03% calculated and experimental
values of the fine structure constant found out. For the
ratio of the average mass of a nucleon to the electron
mass is obtained coincidence with the experimental
value with an accuracy of 0.002%. The proposed
theory of physical constants different from that Bartini
theory that established the optimal dimension of the
space is a hypersphere 5 and 7, rather than 6 as in
Bartini theory. The problems of the compactification
of extra dimensions in describing the motion in fourdimensional
space-time are discussed
In this article, there is a numerical method of solving
the problem of self-organization of the labor
resources. The problem deals with finding
probabilities of hiring and the layoffs of specialists
from the sectors of the labor market. A mathematical
model of labor resources dynamics is used to solve
this problem. The initial problem is incorrect,
because number of equations of the descriptive
system is less than number of unknown variables. A
special algorithm is designed for guaranteed finding
the normal solution in finite number of iterations.
The algorithm is separated into two key stages.
Initially, unconditional normal solution of the
problem is found by applying the modified method of
Gauss for underdetermined systems. Later, this
solution is projected in the subspace of permissible
values. After that, the normal solution of the problem
with consideration of non-negativity of the desired
values is being found by using the gradient projection
method. The proposed algorithm has been
successfully used to develop application in
programming environment C++. This application is
focused on solving of the problem of selforganization
of the labor resources. Comparative
analysis of speed of the application and add-ins MS
Excel "Solver" showed that the same problem is
solved much faster in the application designed by the
author than in a table processor MS Excel when
using the add-in "Solver". This demonstrates the high
efficiency of the proposed method
The article deals with the solution of the NavierStokes
equations describing turbulent flows over
rough surfaces. It is known, that there is a mechanism
of turbulent mixing in natural systems, leading to an
increase in the viscosity of the continuous medium. In
this regard, we suggest methods of regularization of
the Navier-Stokes equations, similar to the natural
mechanisms of mixing. It is shown, that in threedimensional
flows over a rough surface turbulent
viscosity increases proportionally to the square of the
distance from the wall. The models of the flow,
taking into account the properties of the turbulent
environment are considered. A modification of the
continuity equation taking into account the limiting
magnitude of pressure fluctuations is proposed. It is
shown, that due to the pressure pulsation, the
incompressibility condition may be violated even for
flows with low Mach numbers. Modification of the
continuity equation taking into account turbulent
fluctuations leads to a system of nonlinear equations
of parabolic type. Modification of continuity equation
in the system of Navier-Stokes by the introduction of
turbulent viscosity allows the regularization of the
Navier-Stokes equations to solve the problems with
rapidly changing dynamic parameters. The main
result of which is obtained by numerical simulation of
the modified system of equations is the stability of the
numerical algorithm at a large Reynolds number,
which can be explained, first, a system of parabolic
type, and a large quantity of turbulent viscosity. A
numerical model of flow around plates with the rapid
change in angle of attack has been verified. We have
discovered the type of instability of the turbulent
boundary layer associated with the rapid changes in
dynamic parameters. It is shown, that the fluctuations
of the boundary layer to cause generation of sound at
a frequency of 100 Hz to 1 kHz