CJSC Priazovskoye located in the Slavyansk district is in the area of the Priazovie marshes. Soil and climatic conditions make it possible to grow many heat-loving crops including rice. The farm specializes in the cultivation of rice and the production of meat and cattle dairy products. The rice system is divided into 8-crop rotations, where, in addition to rice, animal feed is grown. Livestock waste is used as organic fertilizer in the fields of crop rotation. In the field experiment with perennial grasses (alfalfa) as predecessor, the change in yield and seed quality of three rice varieties Rapan, Diamant and Flagman was studied. The rates of the applied fertilizers were: phosphorus 100 kg/ha, potassium 60 kg/ha and increasing rates of nitrogen from 30 to 120 kg/ha. It has been established that the optimal rates of nitrogen fertilizers after alfalfa are 90 kg/ha (a.i.) for Rapan and Diamant varieties and 60 kg/ha (a.i.) for Flagman. At the same time, the maximum grain yield was obtained for Rapan - 7.45 t/ha, Diamant - 8.27 t/ha, Flagman - 7.62 t/ha , and the best seeds were formed in terms of germination and emergence. Analysis of the crop structure of rice varieties showed that with increasing rates of nitrogen the productive tillering and grain mass per panicle increased. With the nitrogen rate higher than the optimum, the number of unfilled grains per panicle and the grain /straw ratio have increased. Based on this analysis, it can be considered that the number of unfilled grains per panicle and the grain /straw ratio can serve as indicators of the response of rice plants of these varieties to an excess of the optimal level of mineral nutritions
Atmospheric currents on Jupiter and Saturn are
characterized by turbulence and complex vortex
structure, which is caused by a large angular speed of
the gas giants. In this paper we consider two types of
eddy currents - for hexagonal in the northern polar
region of Saturn and the Great Red Spot in the
equatorial region of Jupiter. For the numerical
simulation of turbulent flows of this type the model of
the planetary boundary layer was developed by the
author. In both cases, the main strengthening
mechanism is associated with geostrophic flow of
small amplitude interacting with the planetary
turbulent boundary layer. For hexagonal Saturn with
its characteristic length scales and speed - 120 m / s
and 14,500 km, respectively, there are more than 35
years data of observation. We have found that a small
axial symmetry violation geostrophic flow in the
shear causes the development of a hexagonal pattern
in a turbulent boundary layer. In addition, under the
influence of the Coriolis force and the eddy viscosity
gradient in the turbulent boundary layer there is the
jet formed, pressed against the lower edge of the
layer. Great Red Spot on Jupiter has the characteristic
velocity and length scales - 150 m / s, 14,000 km
from north to south and 24000-40000 km from west
to east, there are already more than 350 years data. It
identified another mechanism of formation of vortex
flow, coupled with the strengthening of small
amplitude zonal flow in a turbulent boundary layer
with the eddy viscosity gradient and the volume
turbulent viscosity on a rotating planet. Both
mechanisms are confirmed by numerical calculations
of non-stationary planetary boundary
layer
The article reviews the results of studying the influence of mineral fertilizers on the uvological, yielding and qualitative indices of the Merlot grape variety in the Anapo-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region. The technology of cultivation of grapes on the experimental plot was performed in accordance with the accepted for the given zone and culture. Agrobiological work was carried out at the optimal time and had a high quality of execution. Grape bushes were laid in a 3.0 x 2.0 m pattern. Formation - a two-shoulder horizontal cordon. On the bushes, there was formed the same load shoots and bunches. Scheme of experience: option 1 – no fertilizers (control); option 2 - superphosphate with a mixture of potassium salt (P90K90) from the autumn; option 3 – nitroammofoska (N120P120K120) from autumn; option 4 – ammonium nitrate (N60) in early spring. Analysis of the results of the studies on the study of biological features of growth, fruiting, yield and quality of Merlot grape varieties on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers shows their high efficiency in the conditions of the Anapo-Tamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar region and can be recommended for use in production conditions. Autumn application of nitroammofoski (N120P120K120) provides an increase in yield by 68.3%, increases the yield of mash from a hectare by 76.7% and the collection of sugar by 97.6%. Autumn application of phosphate-potassium fertilizers (P90K90) and early spring application of ammonium nitrate (N60) also contributed to an increase in yields by 33.3 and 40.6%, respectively. On the output of the wort, these options are equal, and for the collection of sugar phosphate-potassium fertilizers exceed ammonia nitrate
This article covers the qualitative difference between
small, middle and large oil and gas business
companies. Difficulties are shown while transferring
from small into big business. Special methods of
technology adaptation in oil and gas management are
given when transferring from small into big business.
The adaptation managing technological methods are
defined in oil and gas enterprises while transferring
ftom small into big business. The main problem in this
case is the absence of adequate mechanisms of
management efficiency. Such mechanisms would
show quite exactly the role of each of the subjects of
corporate relations and would form effective
communications, state definite managing tasks,
produce a definite control of their realization,
connecting them with the system of encouragement
and motivation. While transferring from small and
medium into big business in oil and gas industry the
struggle inside of the corporation strengthens for the
influence over the finical aspects. This general
struggle should be transformed into in cooperation and
general development of the corporation, management
and owners of the company. In this sphere most of
modern researches are fixed on the adaptation of
foreign methods, technologies of management to
problems of Russian oil and gas companies. For
solving this problem it is necessary to work out quite a
different approach which will be based not on copying
positive forms of relations but on formation conditions
for a new type of Russian corporative management
with economic, historical and social specialties of the
national management
The article explores the problems of improving the efficiency of supply and sales activities of agricultural producers; the set of events to improve the efficiency of supply and sales activities is presented by three main groups, the first of which is associated with the development of infrastructure support (it extends the opportunities of economic entities by selecting the best channels and timing of the implementation of the production and acquirement of resources), the second is associated with the development of the sale and supply cooperatives (it allows you to consolidate your interests, to minimize distribution costs and provides more favorable conditions of realization of production and purchase of material resources), the third is associated with the increase of management efficiency of supply and sales activities (it ensures the growth of efficiency and quality of the most adopted managerial decisions, minimizes risks and mistakes in the choice of behavior model an economic entity on the market) it justifies the thesis that the increase in the efficiency of the supply and sale activities at the economic entity level resulted from the development of information system management, eventually, will bring additional direct and indirect economic benefits is justified, the methodology of the basis of optimal logistics centers' network that implements potato storage and pre-sale preparation functions, which at the first stage involves defining the volume of commercial potato in terms of districts, at the second stage - justifying potentially advantageous placement of logistics centers taking into account the location of transport hubs and the production volume of potato in the surrounding areas, at the third stage - working out of the economic and mathematical model for optimization of logistics centers taking into account the different level of security requirements storages while minimizing traffic volumes of potatoes put in storage
Export of the food production is undoubtedly one of the
most important strategic problems of Russia. The
agricultural capacity of our country allows it not only to
be fully self-sufficient in terms of food but also turns it
into the leading exporter of foodstuffs in the world. The
solution of this task requires the effective solution of
many problems such as bringing the food industries to a
new higher technical and technological level, the
creation of the export infrastructure and mechanisms of
the financial support to food producers. The fulfilling of
the export potential of the domestic agrarian and
industrial complex will not only help Russian economy
to find the faster way out of the crisis but also will let
our country play a major role in the international food
trade and, respectively, in the struggle against hunger in
the poorest countries of the world. In this article, the
essence and the structure of the Russian agricultural
export are considered. The three scenarios of the export
development (pessimistic, realistic and optimistic) and
the conditions of their realization are analyzed. The
analysis of the main indicators characterizing the
current economic state of the agricultural production
export is carried out. Based on the drawn conclusions,
we have offered the ways of the solution of the given
problem
The biotechnology (year - round utilization of livestock and spirit wastages) was developed for the protection of farmlands and water objects. Technology of processing of organic wastages by means of earthworms (vermicomposting) gives the chance to use wastages of livestock complexes, to make a sewage disposal at minimum energy consumption. In the field experiment which was made in the training farm called "Kuban" for the detailed studying of influence of the held events there were put the platforms. The technique of probability of estimation of ameliorative condition of an irrigated field is given in the article. The nonparametric statistical assessment of degree of soil compliance to the normative conditions is defined
The author has examined peculiarities of meat
productivity of animals of the most common breeds:
Charolais, Simmental, Aberdeen Angus, Hereford,
Kuban type of Red Steppe. As a result of the
slaughter carried out for younger group achieved 15
months age, the Charolais breed bulls exceeded
peers of Kuban type on slaughter weight to 60.9 kg
(20.9 %), Aberdeen Angus – 53.8 kg (18.5 %),
Hereford and Simmental respectively – to 35.1 and
24.8 kg (8,5-12,0 %). By the age of 18 months their
superiority increased respectively by 56.9; 57.5; 55.8
and 29.9 kg (16.8; 16.9; 16.5 and 8.82%). Halves of
bodies of the Kuban breed (considering the specific
type of boneless beef output) aged 15 months gave
way to all the groups: Charolais and Angus – by 1.1-
1.5%, Simmental and Hereford – by 0.4-0.6%. The
yield of premium beef exceeds the standards in all
genotypes: Kuban – by 9.5%, beef breeds – by
11.2% (Charolais) and 19% (Simmental). The
balance beetween dry matter and moisture is in the
optimal range (0.43: 1-0,73: 1). At 15 months of age,
in the number of dry matter, Charolais bulls
outnumbered Aberdeen-Angus and Red steppe at
5.1-5.2%, Simmental and Hereford - on 3,0-4,9%.
With age, in the meat of calves of beef breeds the
level of fat increased, for example, in Hereford and
Simmental 0.3-0.5%, Aberdeen Angus and
Simmental – 0.7-0.8%. In the middle of a sample of
ground beef of carcasses of the calves of Charolais
breed at the age of 18 months it contained more
protein than in the meat of the calves of Red steppe
(1.2%, Hereford (1.1%), Angus (1.4%), Simmental
(1,3%). All the meat of the carcasses of the calves of
specialized beef breeds was of high quality and diet:
one part of the protein had 0.59 parts of fat
(Aberdeen Angus) and 0.45 parts (Hereford)
Contradictory processes of transformation of market relations makes for a fresh look at the problems of formation and development of favorable business environment, serving as a catalyst for the effective functioning of the business sector. During the years of reform, transformations in the domestic economy has developed a full-fledged business sector, but the modern period is characterized by the search for new forms, methods and conditions for its further development, most of which forms a favorable business environment. A necessary condition for effective development of the business environment at the regional level it is monitored on the basis of complex quantitative and qualitative indicators. In this regard, it is increasing the relevance methodological developments in the assessment of the level of development of favorable business environment. The article suggests a methodical approach to the assessment of the business environment, which served as the basis of multi-criteria evaluation of a combination of factors affecting the business climate in the region. As a productive indicator is proposed to use the comfort factor of doing business. The main stage of the methodology is the formation of expert groups in the field of entrepreneurship and the definition of competence of each expert. The result is a matrix of criteria five indicators to assess factors influencing the business environment. Based on the assessment of the business environment of Stavropol territory is divided into five typological groups, characterizing district municipalities: areas with a very high level of development of the business environment, areas with high level of development, areas with a moderate level of development of the business environment, with low level areas with a very low level of development of the business environment.
Thus, the developed approaches to the assessment of the level of development of the business climate, will allow to justify the participation of entrepreneurial structures in various regional programmes of support and development of entrepreneurship
The time-optimal diagram of movement of the executive body of the precision DC drive with elastic shafting with constrains of maximum current and the fifth derivative of the speed has been designed. The algorithm has been developed to determine the parameters of the time-optimal diagram of movement of the executive body of the precision DC drive with elastic shafting with constrains of maximum current and the fifth derivative of the speed. The region of existence of the time-optimal diagram of movement of the executive body of the precision DC drive with elastic shafting with constrains of maximum current and the fifth derivative of the speed has been set. According to the results of the numeral experiment, the dependences of the duration of the cycle of movement of the executive body of the drive from prescribed displacement (rotation angle) for different values of the fifth derivative of the speed have been plotted