The article has revealed the contradiction between the way of technological impact and the means of implementation of technological transport in existing processes of feed preparation. There has been shown the possibility of eliminating this contradiction by menus of completely new technological equipment on the basis of relative screw drums and the opportunity to improve their productivity. There are no exciters in the offered design of vibrating machines. There is no need for them because the move mend of mass loading particles is provided by the original constructions of relative screw drums committing a rotary motion around its own axis. For implementing of feed preparation process the geometry of the relative screw drum and its dynamism must be individual: the shape, spatial orientation, the impact of forces providing feed components particles simultaneously with rotational-translational and vibrational motion. In the result, the continuously running through the inner cavity of the relative screw drum particles of feed components perform rotational-translational movements with super imposed vibrations inside this drum, due to this process the particles of feed components are mixed intensively
One of the integrative indicators of over-all performance estimation is profitability of the production. It is possible to increase competitiveness of beekeeping production as well as national food security via implementation of efficient electrical technologies. Enhancing of microclimate parameters in hives allows us to enhance the intensity of spring development of
bees. The counting of integrate heat losses in heaves with ozone treatment and without the one was carried out. Using the obtained results and graphs we can develop the automation system for in-heave microclimate
control. The article presents the graphs of heat losses
in a beehive on the outdoor temperature and relative
humidity, which were obtained experimental. It is proved that when the outdoor temperature from -15 to 8 ° C and the change in ambient air humidity of 60 to 100% heat loss beehive decrease from 4-5 W to 0.2-0.4 W. It is concluded that treatment of bees by ozone, while reducing the concentration of pathogenic microorganisms, will reduce the energy loss by reducing the air exchange, i.e. improve conditions for the development of the bee colony
In this article the basic principles of air-fuel mixture explosions and striking factors, such as air-striking wave, gas streams, splinters, flame heat, light radiation and sharp sounds are observed. The calculation technique of the emergency emission consequences which is for a quantitative estimation of air-striking wave parameters at air-fuel mixture explosions forming in the atmosphere at industrial failures is given. The basic structural elements of calculation algorithm are listed. It is supposed partial depressurization or full destruction of the equipment containing combustible substance in a gaseous or liquid phase, the emission of this substance in the atmosphere, the air-fuel mixture cloud formation, the air-fuel mixture initiation (ignition) and the explosive transformation (deflagration or detonation) in the air-fuel mixture cloud. The technique allows making the approached estimation of air-striking wave various parameters and defining the probable degrees of men defeat and building damage at failures with air-fuel mixture cloud explosions. The given technique is developed in C# language in the integrated environment of software Microsoft VisualStudio 2010 working out. The program fragment in which the calculation of dimensionless Px pressure and dimensionless Ix impulse is given
In the article on example of the Department of basements and foundations of Kuban State Agrarian University (KubSAU), we have discussed issues of preparation of final qualifying works for bachelors and masters in “Construction” specialty. The final qualifying work (the diploma project) is performed by bachelor at the final stage of study. Final stage (diploma designing) provides individual work of undergraduate students on solving tasks under the guidance of experienced teachers and leading construction industry professionals invited to lead to the degree designing. The general organization of bachelors’ diploma projects entrusted to the Deanery of Faculty of Civil Engineering and graduate departments. Topics of diploma projects are defined by graduating department after passing the Bachelor pre-degree practice. The article gives examples of the diploma projects in the Department of basements and foundations, as well as it shows the composition of the department that prepare bachelors, the procedure for appointing the heads and consultants.
Separately, the article describes the organization of the preparation of master’s dissertations for post-graduate students who study at the Department of basements and foundations. Education of masters is conducted on two master programs: "Maintenance and reconstruction of buildings and structures", "Theory and Design of Buildings and Structures". For performing master's dissertation research a supervisor has to be selected from among the doctors and candidates of sciences. The article presents the main directions of masters’ dissertations, their exemplary topics, as well as performs stages, terms and procedure of public protection
The main indicators of efficiency of a cultivation machine are the following: productiveness and fuel consumption, which depend on complexity of work, operating depth and structure of the machine (type of the tractor and plough). The optimal structure of cultivation aggregate for the needs of each exact farm is complicated to do due to different determined and stochastic factors. In this case, Monte Carlo imitation modeling is proposed to use. As a result of models’ analysis, it is defined that all aggregates could be divided onto 4 groups of efficiency. Curves demonstrating dependence of fuel costs, compensation of losses caused by breakdown of agricultural terms and soil compaction caused by quantity of aggregates are built. After integration of the whole amount of aggregates into a common traditional technology of cultivation and after selection of its characteristics (quantity of aggregates, general fuel costs and losses costs, including fuel costs) it was proposed to split it onto 3 category modes: hard (according to technological mode – 2 or 5 shifts), normal (4-10 shifts), mild (6-15 shifts). The obtained models can be successfully applied in software of on-board computers in tractors and PCs of the engineers as well. Dynamical models for other technological processes in plant breeding could be obtained in the same way. All developed models allow us to make one more step towards precision farming and reduce costs for manufacture of end products
In the article the authors propose various techniques for the preparation of livestock waste for agricultural use, particularly for irrigation. We have considered resource-saving environmentally safe technology for processing livestock waste pig farms based on the use of the reagent preparation phosphogypsum – residuals of phosphoric acid and fertilizers. The technology was tested and endorsed at the operating company LLC "Aksai field" of the Rostov region. Also based on this technology, we have offered the following technical solution: livestock wastewater is exposed to the vortex field with movable ferromagnetic particles, which contributes to more complete disinfecting effect. Further improvement of the technological scheme of training for livestock waste allowed to get more modern technical solution, including sewage treatment acidifying reagent is a suspension of phosphogypsum and slightly basic by oxychloride brand Aqua-Aurat. With the aim of reducing the cost and simplifying the technology of training we offered using a reagent, obtained from natural raw materials - silica-coagulant on the basis of nepheline instead of the low-base oxychloride brand Aqua-AuraTM. Aluminosilicate coagulant on the basis of nepheline may be used at high values of COD up to 2000 mg O/l and TBOD to 1500 mg O/l, which is a limitation for the use of such coagulants in the preparation of livestock wastewater pig farms. All the proposed technologies are based on the positions of resource and energy efficiency and environmental safety
We have reviewed the methodology on a specific example of greenhouses of type 6D, the calculation of the bearing capacity of the upper and bottom zones roof trusses. The urgent need for in-depth analysis of the issue bearing capacity appeared in the light of a rather massive construction of greenhouses, especially in the Southern Federal District, as its constructive is purchased in the Middle East. However, the simple transfer of designs greenhouses made in the Middle East, to the territory of the Russian Federation is not completed successfully. These structures cannot withstand greenhouses in some cases, according to the service manual, snow loads, in other cases, wind loads, and in the third case, the construct may be destroyed for no apparent reason. Need to clarify the situation become clearer. Successive static, dynamic and seismic analysis carried out by force in the territory of the Russian Federation regulations and norms provider in relation to the actual sections bearing structural elements, revealed The following percentages of use of structural elements under consideration. According to the standards of the Russian Federation, for the first limit of the percentage of use - 395%; the second limit of the percentage of use - 999%; according to the norms of the Russian Federation with the load provider for the first limit of the percentage of use - 339.3%; the second limit of the percentage of use - 999%. The upper chord coating: according to the standards of the Russian Federation, for the first limit of the percentage of use - 495.2%; the second limit of the percentage of use - 361.4%; according to the norms of the Russian Federation with the load provider for the first limit of the percentage of use - 150.8%; the second limit of the percentage of use - 146.2%. The analysis presented allows us to conclude that when uploading the upper and lower zones of farms covering greenhouses, load combinations specific to the location of the greenhouse type 6D, their carrying capacity and hence the structure as a whole is not guaranteed
Creating an efficient, competitive agricultural production, ensuring food security of the country, increasing exports of certain agricultural products - the most important strategic goals of agri-food policy. Using the energy of the electromagnetic fields of different frequencies significantly complements electrotechnology. The widespread use of devices electromagnetic effects on biological systems in agricultural production and promising in terms of cost of the mechanism in the design, manufacture and operation of such devices. Thus, the resulting yield increase after preplant seed treatment in a magnetic field averages for various sources, including the data of our investigations from 10 to 22% depending on the type of crops. The economic effect of the introduction is quite high due to the low energy consumption (power plants to many 1kW), simple and reliable operation of technical designs themselves aids. The experimental data of domestic and foreign researchers indicate increased biological activity using electromagnetic fields (EMF) in all frequency ranges. However, further development of biological objects of electromagnetic devices are not possible without the introduction of the theoretical foundations of their construction. For this purpose, it is necessary to use numerous existing studies of the behavior of biological objects processed agricultural use in the electromagnetic fields of artificial origin
The article presents data on the survey of beamed ponds and dams on the beams of Berestova, Shcherbakova and Gruzskoe on the territory of the Rostov region and establishes their poor condition. To use the ponds as a water source for irrigation of surrounding agricultural land, it is necessary to conduct repairing work on water ponds. In the article, to improve the efficiency of irrigation on local runoff, delayed in beams of low head dams we have proposed an improved design of fastenings (coatings) of upland slopes of groundwater retaining structures, including the ranks of absorbing wave elements. We have recommended symmetric and asymmetric placement of the semi-oval and tapered parts. We have also proposed a simple solution of wave absorbing elements as parts of a triangular shape (isosceles and equilateral), mutual accommodation of which also forms a water conveyance channels for mutual collision of threads
The static method is the most common, because it is applicable for measuring SVP of substances in wide ranges of temperatures and pressures. The essence of the method consists in measuring of vapor pressure in equilibrium with its liquid at a given temperature. Dynamic method is based on measurement of the boiling point of the liquid at a certain pressure. Saturation method of moving gas used in the case when the SVP does not exceed a few mm Hg. The method consists the following: the liquid is passed through the inert gas and saturated with vapor of liquids and then it flows into a cooler where the absorbed vapors are condensed. Knowing the amount of absorbed liquid and gas, as well as their molecular weight, allow us calculate saturated vapor pressure of the liquid. Knudsen effusion method is applicable for the measurement of very low pressures (up to 100 Pa). This method consists in researching of depending between the pressure and volume of saturated steam at a constant temperature. At the point of saturation an isotherm should have a break and turn into a straight line. Chromatographic method is based on complete chromatographic analysis of liquid and calculating the sum of partial pressures of all mixture components. Also, the article has a description of existing experimental installation for these researches and their advantages and disadvantages compared with each other