In the article we have presented the results of the researches on influence of the ways of main soil tillage and sowing on the water regime agrophyto-cenosis and productivity of maize hybrids of differ-ent maturity classes
In recent years leaf tan spot had dominated into
pathogenic complex of wheat in southern Russia. The
causative agent of this disease is hemibiotrophic
ascomycete Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.)
Drechsler; imperfect state of Drechslera triticirepentis
(Died) Shoem. It causes two different
symptoms in susceptible wheat varieties: chlorosis and
necrosis. Under epiphytotic disease progression crop
losses can achieve 65%. One of the most important
elements of phytosanitary control of wheat cenosis is
scientifically relevant chemical fungicides application.
Biological efficiency of some fungicides against
Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has been estimated.
Research was conducted on the experimental ground
of FSBSI ARRIBPP on the variety susceptible to the
pathogen – Krasnodarskaya 99. Preparations were
tested one time at leaf-tube formation (Z37) phase or
two times: at leaf-tube formation (Z37) and start of
heading (Z51) stages. Double treatment was more
effective than a single one. Fungicides “Amistar extra”
and “Prozaro” have got the high biological efficiency
– 80,7 and 83,7%, consequently, and longer protective
period (up to 40 days) in comparison to every tested
fungicides
EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATION OF DIFFERENT WINTER WHEAT CULTIVARS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WEST CAUCASUS
The influence of the crop rotation type, predecessor and different doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield of two winter wheat cultivars (Lira and Krasnodar 99) was investigated. The investigations were carried out in the North-Kuban Agricultural Experiment Station in two five-crops: grain tillage and grain - grass tillage rotation of prolonged stationary experience. The soil is the black soil, low in humus, powerful, with humus content, depending on the power of nutrition backgrounds in the arable (0-30sm) soil layer is 3,95-4,00%, of mineral nitrogen is 5,9-8,3 mg / kg of soil, of exchangeable potassium is 330-360 mg / kg of soil. It was found that the maximum value of the winter wheat crop structure elements is noticed in the fertilizer systems with complete mineral fertilizer, and the minimum value - with PK and NK. Winter wheat yield depends on the crop rotation of 8-15%; from its predecessor - 15-18% and 27-31% of the fertilizer. Grain quality was generally determined by the dose of fertilizer. High and higher doses of fertilizers contributed to the protein content from 11.7 to 12.3% and fibrin content - 23,5-24,0%. A strong correlation between yield and agronomic methods was determined
The influence on the predecessor, on the time of sowing
and various mineral nutrition levels, on the productivity of
seven cultivars of winter soft wheat of Krasnodar Agricultural
Research Institute selection was investigated. On the
basis of the obtained experimental data and production
audit it was found that all studied cultivars under the total
complex of cultivation technological methods are able to
form the yield of 6-7 t / ha with the payment of one kg of
active ingredient of fertilizer by the grain within 6.50-9.86,
and 8.56- 10.71 kg. Soil was ordinary chernozem with a
low humus content powerful humus content, depending on
the power of backgrounds in the arable (0-30sm) soil layer
is 3,95-4,00%, of mineral nitrogen is 5,9-8,3 mg / kg of
soil, mobile phosphorus is 22,4 - 26,6 mg / kg of soil, of
exchangeable potassium is 330-360 mg / kg of soil. Predecessors
are winter wheat, sunflower, white mustard cultivated
on seeds. The main tillage is resource-saving with
the mulching of 0-10 cm layer. Studied sowing terms are
the 20th of September, the 1st and 10th of October. The
backgrounds of mineral nutrition: 1-without fertilizer
N0P0К0; 2-minimum dose of complete mineral fertilizer
N60P30К30; 3-average dose N90P60К60; 4-high dose N120-
160P90К60. Seeding rate is 5 million germinating seeds per
hectare. The objects of the research were seven winter soft
wheat cultivars of Krasnodar Agricultural Research Institute
selection. We studied winter wheat cultivars with different
combination of biological characteristics and predecessors.
This combination is contributed to the yield growing
from 4,26-5,82 t / ha up to 6,97-7,2 4,26-5,82 t / ha
with the payment of one kilogram of active fertilizer substance with the output of grain within 8,52-12,0kg
The influence of four experimental phage preparations, designed based on non-transducing E. coli bacteriophages on pigs with post-weaning diarrhea studied. The influence of these phages in depending by methods of its applying (per os and intra cutis) on coli-titer and coli-phages titer studied. It is established, that the best survival rate and the clinical condition showed animals treated with the E. coli phage T4-type with lab. number «8» (till 5,52 lg CFU/g at 37-days age) in parallel with an increase in titer of phages (till 5,73 lg CFU/g at 40-days age). Intradermal (intra cutis) method of applying of experimental phage preparations (constructed on basis of phage “6” and phage “8”) showed the some positive effects on correction of negative dynamics of coli-phages titer in control group
In the article results of a comparative study of technologies of cultivation of sunflower with application and without application of herbicides are resulted, and also their economic assessment is given
In article results of influence of various types of hybrids on efficiency of a sugar beet depending on cleaning terms are resulted, and also their economic estimation is given
Ferrourtikavit is a biologically active additive (BAA)
derived from common nettle supplemented with micro
nutrient elements (titanium, vanadium, molybdenum,
zinc, copper, iron, tin, chromium, manganese, barium).
Ferrourtikavit is manufactured from local vegetable
raw materials, however its application in feeding dairy
cows is not sufficiently studied. Therefore, the
application of the BAA ferrourtikavit in animal
feeding with a view to increase milk production is
relevant. The aim of the research conducted is to
investigate the impact of the BAA ferrourtikavit on the
overall nutritional value of animal diet and reduction
of food consumption. The experiment was conducted
on four groups of black-motley breed dairy cows.
Formation of the experimental groups (15 animals per
each group) was performed on the third lactation,
taking into account age, productivity during the
previous lactation, breed characteristics, live weight.
The main diet consisted of hay, haylage, succulent
fodder, concentrates. Additionally to basic diet the 2nd
,
3
rd and 4th experimental groups obtained the BAA
ferrourtikavit at the doses of 0,25, 0,50 and 0,75 mg/kg
of live weight, respectively. It has been established
that the animals from the experimental groups (2nd, 3rd
and 4th) consumed 43,9-51,3 energetic feed units less,
439,4-513,5 MJ metabolic energy less, 56,4 – 62,0 kg
dry matter less, 1,1 – 1,6 kg digestible protein less.
The lowest feed consumption was noted among the
animals from the 3rd experimental group, in the basic
diet of which the BAA ferrourtikavit in an amount of
0,50 mg/kg of live weight was introduced. The research conducted established, that application of the
biologically active additive ferrourtikavit in the diet of
lactating cows at the dose of 0,5 mg/kg of live weight
led to the highest milk yields 4678±45,17 kg. In the
experienced groups, increase in milk yields, decrease
in concentrates' utilization as well as costs of 1 kg milk
as compared to the control group were registered
The article results the study of irrigation regime im-pact on water consumption and yield of grain sor-ghum. It is established that optimal conditions for growth and development are created by maintaining soil moisture content in a soil layer of 0.6 m higher than 80 % of field capacity (FC), where the grain yield reaches 14 t/ha and the best indices of profit and cost-effectiveness are obtained
In the article, the estimation of efficiency of selection on high tillering is given at various planting density. For the analysis used plants of variety Lampo with high tillering ability and varieties the Virazh and Ko-mandor - with weak tillering ability, and hybrid popu-lations F3 from their crossing, selected on traits high and low tillering from F2. Plants ¬ placed on plots in three variants: 2×15, 15×15, 30×30 cm. It is estab-lished that distinctions on tillering between “+” and “–” selection in following generation remain, though the value of given trait at hybrid plants decrease. Selection of highly tillering forms at usual density (2×15 cm) has shown high efficiency, because the tillering is caused by more influence of genetic factors, than environment in the given variant