The article gives the results of the study of the texture
of the grapes and biochemical characteristics of red
wine grape varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet
Franc, Merlot, Sapeari, Tsimladar, Pinot Noir for the
production of juice of direct extraction and blending.
The studied varieties in terms of the structure of the
cluster may be divided into three groups of blackpinene
(21.1), Cabernet Franc and Tsimladar (18.7 -
17.5), Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Saperavi (16.5 -
16.8) , and bunches of addition in terms of two groups
- Tsimladar (17.6), Cabernet - Sauvignon and other
(15.6 - 16.4). The structural component of grapes varieties
ranged from 5.2 to 5.9, berry index - from 62.1 to
83.4, the output of the wort from 74.2 to 76.3%. The
content of sugars and acids in the berries of all varieties
is favorable for the production of beverages. The
largest Tartaric acid content was found in the juice of
the varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Black,
malic acid - in the juice of varieties Saperavi, Merlot,
Tsimladar, citric acid - in the juice Tsimladar varieties,
Cabernet Sauvignon, Saperavi. The ratio of tartaric
acid to the content of the apple juice Cabernet Sauvignon
was 2.9: 1, Cabernet Franc 2.6: 1, Pinot Black
2.5: 1, Merlot and Tsimladar 1.6: 1, 1.1 Sapevari: 1.
According to the content of potassium cations, sodium,
magnesium and calcium there were chosen three varieties
of Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc. The
lowest content of potassium and magnesium cations
was in the variety of Tsimladar, Sodium – in the varieties
Merlot and Saperavi, calcium – in Saperavi. Excellent
tasting commended for juices was given to
Cabernet Sauvignon, Saperavi, Tsimladar, good – to
Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Pinot black. Best blending
juice obtained by mixing the juice of the grape of the
varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot black
70:30, Saperavi and Pinot black 50:50. From the
grapes of produced varieties, we can produce juice and varietal by name ampelographic variety and blended to
extend the range
In the modern wine growing, for fighting against root
phylloxera an inoculation of European-Asian grapes
varieties on rootstocks steady against this wrecker is
used. In this article we present the information about
the types of rootstocks of domestic and foreign
breeding used in the modern branch of wine
growing. The area of their use is described; the
useful properties of rootstocks and their demerits are
highlighted. The purpose of this work is creating new
grapes rootstocks which wouldn't have the merits of
existing rootstocks. The short description of the
grapes rootstocks which were created in the Anapa
Zonal Experimental Station of wine growing and
winemaking such as AZOS-1, AZOS-2, AZOS-3,
AZOS-4, AZOS-5 and AZOS-6 is given in the
article. It is indicated that these rootstocks have a
high resistance to a leaf form of phylloxera, to
chlorosis and to some other diseases of a grapes
bush. They have the short period of vegetation, high
quantity of standard cutting from hectare and other
useful properties. In the article the description of a
new formation of rootstocks grapes bushes of "AOS-
1" and "AOS-2" with a free trail shoots is given. This
construction of grapes bush is developed by the
Anapa's Zonal Experimental Station of wine growing
and winemaking. We have also given all the
advantages of this forming in comparison with other
designs of grapes bushes. It is especially noted that
use of this forming of bushes increases the
productivity per men in the process of bushes scrap
and preparation of cutting; the expenditures on the
struggle against diseases and wreckers on the vineyards are reduced; the quantity standard of
grapes cutting increases by 27-33%
The article presents results of the assessment of the
efficiency of non-hormonal preparations which were
not earlier applied in culture in vitro with high physiological
activity (the preparations received by production
of furfural, and also derivatives and compositions
of organic acids) during regenerations of microshoots
of plum, comparison of their influence with
influence of growth regulators which are traditionally
used in clonal micropropagation. These experimental
preparations were received when processing waste of
agricultural production. In this work we used: technology
of clonal micropropagation of plants of in
vitro, statistical data processing by method of the
dispersive analysis. The objects of researches were
microshoots of plum of a Stanley variety. We have
established that on mediums with the preparations
"Universal", sodium succinate, potassium succinate,
amber acid, L-1 the large, intensively colored plum
microshoots develop surpassing control (medium
with BAP of 1 mg/l, IBA of 0,1 mg/l, gibberellic acid
of 0,5 mg/l) in morphometric parameters. Thus, the
preparations "Universal", sodium succinate, potassium
succinate, amber acid, L-1 in concentration of 4,0
mg/l proved as the growth factors which are favorably
influencing on plantlets’ regeneration and a qualitative
condition of microshoots of plum
The article presents the results of studying the effect of
different lengths of fruit vines with the same load
wintering buds of bushes on the yield and quality of
Moldova grapes. It was found that the biological
indicators of fruiting Moldova grapes improved by
lengthening fruit vines, taking into account weather
conditions. Shortening the vines increases germination
and fruitfulness degree base buds and reserve buds.
Productivity is increased by lengthening fruit vines. It
is determined by the degree of fruitfulness buds of the
vine, the development of floscules of wintering buds,
bunch and berries weight, number of berries in
bunches. The optimum is pruning vines to 10-12 buds.
Harmonious taste, weight of bunches and berries,
transportability factor fixed high yield of grapes
standard (85,6-86,4%) with different length of fruit
vines. The highest productivity of leaves makes
pruning fruit vines to 10-12 buds. The strength of
shoot growth and volume growth of bushes reduced at
an elongation of the fruit vines. The more moderate
growth of shoots observed at long (10-12 buds)
pruning vines. There is no significant difference to the
degree of maturation of shoots with different length
vines. In order to increase the yield of Moldova grapes
in the central zone of the Krasnodar region expedient
cut fruit vines to 10-12 buds
The article presents the research results of the impact of amendment improving soil structure on soil upon sprinkler irrigation of agricultural lands. It is proposed to use artificial aggregation of soil for water erosion control via composition of structure-forming materials. The developed composition includes slagheap rock, bentonitic clay, claydite screenings, and shell limestone. Adjusted analytical relations of the impact of the amendment on runoff coefficient depending on the intensity of artificial rain upon irrigation of agricultural lands, slope, and water permeability have been revealed. Regression analysis of spectral surfaces has shown that slope of irrigation site has a significant impact on the increasing of runoff coefficient values, while correlation coefficient equals to 0.97. Water permeability has negative correlation, -0.85, with increasing the values of runoff coefficient. The relation between runoff coefficient and intensity of artificial rain is less strong, 0.89. We have determined that applying of the given amendment provides decreasing of runoff coefficient by 15 % depending on the slope of irrigation site, and by 20 % depending on rain intensity. Experts in the field of land reclamation can use obtained analytical relations for predicting surface soil loss when estimating the efficiency of amendment applying to control soil erosion activities at agricultural lands
The article presents results of the experiment to study
the influence of vitamins and minerals preparation
with folic acid Vitoligo M at the reproductive
functions of sows. It is established that prilificacy of
sows was more at 12,5-39,3%. The piglets of the
experimental groups had the best quality of growth and
livability. Blood chemistry parameters were better in
sows experimental groups. The experiment with lots of
animals confirmed the results of scientific experience.
The sows of the experimental groups had better
breeding efficiency
This article discusses the results of the study to determine the impact of different primary tillage and herbicide against weeds in winter wheat agrocenosis. The task of the research was to determine the impact of primary tillage (moldboard plowing and surface treatment) factor A and herbicide (Lancelot) factor B on the agro-physical and agrochemical soil properties. It has been established that the content of productive moisture during the growing period of winter wheat in 0-100 cm of soil layer didn’t depend on the method of tillage. Introduction of herbicide Lancelot boosted the moisture reserves in soil compared to the control type, in the herbicide-free type the weeds absorb the large amounts of moisture. Surface soil treatment did not have negative effects on soil agro-physical properties and its structure in comparison with moldboard plowing. Number of agronomically valuable aggregates on moldboard plowing is 85.2 - 87.5%, on surface one is - 86.2 87.5%. Density of composition and waterproof aggregates under surface treatment didn’t defer to tillage. Accumulation of wet and dry mass by weeds regardless to the way of soil tillage declined to a minimum when introducing the herbicide Lancelot. The high yield of winter wheat was obtained on this type. Mathematical processing results have shown that due to factor A (main soil tillage) to moldboard plowing the average productivity is 57.5 kg/ha, on surface one is 56.0 kg/ha, i.e. the difference between treatments is 1.5 t/ha (with NSR05 on factor - 2.9 t/ha) is insignificant. To factor B (herbicides) on control the productivity is 54.5 kg/ha, introduction of Lancelot increased the productivity to 59.5 t/ha, i.e. the increase was 5.5 kg/ha at NSR05-by the factor B-2.9 t/ha, i.e. is significant. Thus, the present soil treatments had no effect on yield of winter wheat in ordinary black soil. The use of herbicide Lancelot has produced the harvest increase in 0.5 t/ha on average for 2 years
In the technology of cultivation of sugar beet the significant role is allocated for system of fertilizer. The research problem included studying of influence of various norms and combinations of mineral fertilizers on productivity and quality of this culture. In 2012-14 the stationary field experiment with sugar beet of a grade of "Nero" on an experienced field of department of agrochemistry in educational economy "Kuban" was put and made. Studying of the nutritious mode of the soil is one of the most important questions of determination of effectiveness of fertilizers. Researches showed that the application of double doses of nitrogenous, phosphoric and potash fertilizers, and also the complete fertilizer in double and threefold dose on the chernozem lixivious, has essential positive impact on the maintenance of like elements of a mineral delivery, providing the favorable food mode during body height and cultural development. Fertilizers promoted more intensive intake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plants of sugar beet. The maximal maintenance of these elements is observed in a phase of clamping of rows. In experience the good harvest of sugar beet was received. Average productivity made about 450 c he (the increase makes ot13,6% to 77,4%). The maximal productivity of root crops is received at importation of N80P80K80 and N120P120K120 also made 620,3 and 633,3 c/he. Our researches showed that sugar content of root crops by options of experience fluctuated from 14,0 to 18,7%. The best results are received in options with importation of N80P80K80 - in these options sugar content made 18,7%.Thus, optimum conditions for sugar beet are created at importation of the complete mineral fertilizer at the rate of N80P80K80
The article is devoted to the study of growth peculiarities of summer potato on floodplain lands of Southern Russia. High and stable yields in big farms are possible using substantiated planting time of potato which depends on specific soil – climatic conditions of the area as well as potato cultivation technology elements improvement under irrigation. The latter will provide in turn water and power resources economy. The results of field research to determine planting time allow defining the most favorable conditions for potato cultivation in the given soil-climatic zone. The analysis of data obtained on differential irrigation regimes gives a possibility to determine common regularities of irrigation standards impact on potato growth efficiency. The regime proposed is in conformity with the concept of ecological land reclamation and takes into account a moderate anthropogenic impact on landscape processes under a permissible level of summer potato productivity decrease. Therefore proposed optimal time of summer planting and rational irrigation regime will increase industrial efficiency of potato production and provide environmental safety of irrigation on floodplain lands of South Russia while allowing to economize water and power resources
Increasing the yield of crops is a global challenge substantiated by the scientists from all over the world. To achieve this goal, there are various ways, one of which is the ozonation of seeds before sowing. This method inhibits harmful microflora, which could be formed on the seed during the period of storage, and excites the chemical processes within the seed that can accelerate the process of growth. But despite the positive effect of ozone-air mixture of seeds and a variety of conducting research there is still no reliable data on the technological parameters of ozone effects on seed crops (e.g., corn). In this regard, we have conducted experimental studies to determine the effective parameters of the ozonation of corn seeds, such as the concentration of ozone in the ozone-air mixture, exposure time and binning after treatment. The influence of these parameters was assessed by changes in growth performance of seed, such as germination, germination and growth of strength. Just at the end of the pilot study we carried out a statistical analysis of the data, which allowed us to estimate the degree of influence of each independent parameter (ozone concentration, exposure time, binning after treatment) for each dependent parameter (germination energy, germination, growth force). The data obtained is presented in the article