The energy market shows strong exposure to seasonal fluctuations. A striking example of the impact of seasonality is the dynamics of the production of natural and associated gas in Russia. We use two approaches to the identification and analysis of seasonality: classical econometric based on different smoothing procedure; spline method uses an approximation of the economic dynamics of cubic splines and phase analysis. In the comparison of the two methods are used to identify the benefits of using spline functions when modeling economic dynamics and phase analysis of seasonality
The optimization issues of governance and the
development of agriculture sector are particularly
relevant in times of financial sanctions,
implementation of the strategy of import
substitution. Integration is the one of these
mechanisms. In the article, we have discussed in
detail the historical aspect of the appearance agroindustrial
integration in Russia. The authors
highlighted the negative aspects constraining the
development of integration processes in the
industry. The agro-industrial complex is considered
as a set of regional and microcomplexes. The article
identified three main areas of the industry. Its
balance is able to provide dynamic and sustainable
development of agriculture. Dynamics of the share
of industry in the formation of the key indicators of
the Russian economy are presented. It demonstrates
the need to solve issues of increasing the efficiency
of all agrarian formations. The authors proposed
industrial and economic way out of the current crisis
on the results of the research. The Government
support of agriculture is the main instrument of
agrarian policy, especially in times of economic
crisis. The authors proposed a cluster approach to
economic development as a priority. It allows
reaching high competitiveness and stability of
economic systems of cluster. In the article the advantages of creating clusters in the regional
economic system are presented. We have summed
up the implementation of the previously developed
innovative, systemic management model
The analysis of social and economic development of
countries in the conditions of the globalization of the
world economy which is carried out with the use of
thermo-dynamical model showed that interaction of the
open economic systems standing on different levels of
development can lead to absorption or destruction of
one systems by others that finally will lead to "thermal
death" in economy (stagnation). The closed economic
systems can communicate with other countries by
means of international trade. Less developed countries
can't compete with industrially developed states and
will inevitably get under their influence. The isolated
economic systems can develop only in the presence of
domestic market, resources and rigid social structure.
Introduction of the anti-Russian sanctions and other
external factors led to restriction of the influence of the
foreign capital. Innovative activity in economy and
strengthening of government institutions might be
observed as a result. The thermo-dynamical model
shows that partial isolation of the developing economic
system possessing sufficient production and scientific
potential leads to stabilization of its structure and
growth of the innovative activity
This article is devoted to the investigations of our research team built for independent collection and examination the information about prices, ie to study the real inflation. The approach to measuring the rise in prices is based on selecting and fixing tool of economists and managers - the consumer basket which does not change during the time. On the basis of physiological consumption norms of the Institute of Nutrition (Russian Academy of medical Sciences) we made up the minimum consumer basket, ie we set annual consumption on food staples required to maintain normal functioning of the human body. In 1993-2015 we carried out an independent price collection. We obtained values of the consumer basket and inflation indices. We give the comparison with the data of official statistics. Our work is aimed at the elimination of Rosstat's monopoly in calculating the index of inflation, the minimum subsistence level and the real disposable income of the population. Using the same consumer basket makes it possible to compare the results of calculations for different time periods. That is why our works compare favorably to the approach of the official statistics. We have given a more detailed analysis of inflation in the XXI century. We have also briefly reviewed the use of inflation indices in the analysis of problems of households, organizations and production firms, as well as the country as a whole
In modern conditions, an important task is to ensure
food independence of Russia. This is due to the need
of acceleration the import substitution in terms of the
current foreign trade policy of the country. In this
context, a priority task for managers of the agricultural
sector is to increase profitability of agricultural
production, taking into account compliance with its
greening. The questions of improving the management
of agricultural business through its transition to an
innovative path of development, including the
greening of nature are investigated in this article.
We have investigated the concept of "agribusiness" in
terms of its economic content. In addition, the main
components of this category considered and described
in the article. The article presents an analysis of the
main results of environmental protection and the most
important indicators of environmental management.
We have shown the assessment of the dynamics of
production and economic indicators of agribusiness
management and ecologization and their relationship.
On the basis of this study, we have made the
conclusions about the need to reform the control
system of agricultural production by using innovative
mechanisms. Which, in turn, is possible using the four
main directions of scientific and technical progress,
including biological innovations, tools of technical
progress, innovative approaches to the development of
energy resources and the organizational and economic
innovation
The article considers the main principles of the system
approach and their use in the general disclosure
mechanisms in the organization of the systems as
holistic entities. Ontological and epistemological lines
of the concept of the system and highlights the main
properties of systems are reflected. Since the system
acts as a form of organization of tangible and
intangible objects, integrity is determined as the
necessary property of sustainable living systems. The
concept of sustainability from the point of view of
general systems theory is considered, its types are
distinguished. Features of the economic systems and
the specificity of the concept of their stability is
described. It is marked that the majority of biological,
technical, economic and other complex systems are
characterized by non-Gaussian distribution and as a
necessary formal feature of consistency (integrity) of
the studied object the presence Zipf-distribution in the
population can be used. Differences between the
coenoses from deterministic systems and probabilistic
objects are marked. Procedures performed in the
course of the ranking analysis and the theoretical
aspects of optimization of cenoses by holding an item
or parametric optimization are considered. The
proposals on the use of ranking analysis and rank
distributions that are widely used for the study of
technocenoses, in the research process and the
formation of economic systems are promoted
This article analyzes basic concepts and categories of the institutional economic theory and it highlights their most essential characteristics. Also it provides author's definitions of such notions as institution and institutional transformations
The article deals with the problems of functioning
analysis of a contemporary mountain–climatic health
resort and describes the perspective territories for
development of mountain–climatic health resorts, as
well as the necessity of creating such recreation zones
and carrying out an analysis of state support
mechanisms. In addition, the authors give their own
methodological approach characterizing the levels of
mountain–climatic health resort cluster development in
the Krasnodar region
This article contains the answer for the question
about the "shadow" sector of the national economy,
there is the author's interpretation of "shadow economy"
as a self-organizing system, which develops
itself according to the main economic principles and
situates in harmonious coexistence with the economic
environment. We have identified the main causes of
the appearance of shadow structures, stages (birth,
development, maturity, decline and death), their
characteristics and offered the basic directions for
fight with the shadow economy. This research was
illustrated with drawings and analytical tables. The
author reveals the essence of the system of national
accounts, as a system of indicators which were recorded
in the form of accounts that reflect the different
sides of the reproduction processes in the economy, it
identified the main indicators and schematically illustrates
the relationship of these indicators.
We have estimated the size of the shadow economy
in different countries, identified factors that help to
the development of shadow structures, including the
imbalance of demand and supply, which is caused the
deficit of goods and services. The author presents the
main trends of spreading the shadow economic activities
(financial, economic, legal, administrative,
social and political) and the direction of fighting
against the shadow economy, with the help of mass
supporting this struggle in society
The factors influencing the sources and the methods of financing investment projects are described: goals, technological features of business, cycles of internal and external financial flows, the general situation on the market, types of risks and methods of managing them, the level of an investor's competence. The classification of sources of financing of investment projects is indicated according to own and attracted, internal and external characteristics. We have reflected the composition of: – own sources of financing: net profit of an economic entity; depreciation deductions; charity donations and other contributions; funds received from insurance companies; other savings – attracted funds: state, budget, debt, bank, venture financing of investment projects. The list of sources of financing on internal and external sources of financing of investment projects is given: 1. Internal own resources: financial and material reserves of the company in the form of special funds, accounts or assets under special management status; Financial assets that make up the depreciation fund of deductions for the reproduction of the capital base. 2. External investment resources: credit resources; issuing assets; cession of a part or share of ownership, decision–making, control over certain business processes; intellectual resources; tax preferences (vacations); public fund–raising (such as projects based on the use of the «crowd funding» system). The volume of direct foreign investments in the Russian Federation from 2006 to 2016 has been analyzed. The modern factors and the reasons influencing investment activity in the Russian economy are noted. Prospects for the development of the Russian economy until 2030 are considered