In this article, we have examined the methodology of
acoustic measuring with the purpose to create safety
conditions for the activity of agricultural machines
operators, in foremost harvesters and tractors. We
should underline that such studies are based on the
state standards that are aimed at improving the level of
comfort of the activity of the operators of tractors and
harvesters and maintaining their working capacities.
Therefore, there is a need for a thorough analysis of
the current regulatory legislation (standards that are
applied) in combination with analysis of mathematical
support of measuring devices (sound level meter).
Besides, there is a need for creating strict sequence of
actions of the sound level meter operator (algorithm)
in combination with the method of conveying
information that is adapted to the experiment. At the
enterprises, organizations and establishments control
of the noise level at working places is checked no less
than once a year. The State Standard 12.4.095-80
provides the basis for measuring, position of the
control point in the booth, the frame and
characteristics of measuring, mode of activity of
engines and parts of harvesters, the amount of
measurement samples (3 precise measurements),
estimation of measurements and their correction,
equipment, methods of measuring the results,
temporary characteristics of measuring by the sound
level meter in “slow” mode and frequency correction
The creation of better conditions for the cultivation
of plants is carried out by means of mechanical
impact on the soil working bodies of machines and
tools, that is, the so-called tillage. Its importance in
the conditions of intensive agriculture cannot be
overemphasized. The use of each scientifically based
crop rotation system of soil tillage is a necessary
condition for further growth of crop yields and
improve soil fertility. Tillage determines the
processes of reproduction, fertility regulation soil
modes, degradation processes and soil conservation.
Important and how self-administration in the system
of minimum tillage, and in addition to the deeper
treatment of soil under traditional agricultural
technologies is superficial and shallow tillage. Disc
harrows are the most applied machine for the
implementation of surface and shallow soil
treatment, performing a loosening of topsoil, leveling
the field surface, the destruction of soil crust,
crumbling lumps of soil, weeding, seeding and
fertilizer. This article describes the design features of
domestic and foreign disc harrows. We have given
their technical characteristics, and consider the
operational and technological parameters
After silage of ash captured by the electrostatic
precipitator, we installed the cyclone of NIIOGAZ
CN-15-500 for exhaust gas pre-treatment of the ash
resulting from the process of burning solid fuels (coal
of Donetsk) in boilers of Novocherkassk hydro power
plant. The plant cyclone examination was performed in
a production environment of Novocherkassk hydro
power station comprising 4 cylindrical cyclone
element diameters of 500 mm, and is defined by its
real effectiveness, which amounted to 91%. After the
cyclone, the gas enters the two-bag filter FRKI-90KP3-2-2
designed to trap solid ash residues and installed
over the silo dry ash. Filters are manufactured in
climatic design for temperate and cold climate with the
accommodation category 4. The article shows the
characteristic of the test results and bag filters FRKI-
90K-P3-2-2 before and after the cyclone in the
cleaning system. The work presents the analysis of the
composition of the ash and compares it with published
data. It is experimentally proved that the inclusion of
Cyclone CN-15-500 in the process diverting gas
purification scheme allowed more efficient operation
of fabric filters, reducing the dust significantly for the
input gases
While mechanical harvesting of potatoes, about
20-40% of the tubers get damages. Dynamic
loads, injuries of the tubers, causing internal
damage – which is browning of the flesh of the tuber, which occurs in the process of its storage.
At the same time, ways to express control of
damage to potato tubers will allow both
reducing damage during harvest, and promptly
sending damaged potatoes for recycling before
the results of mechanical stress for the tubers
during harvesting. The definition of internal
damage to the potatoes is possible because of
the analysis of the different elasticity of the
tissues of damaged and undamaged tubers. The
value of overpressure of the device is chosen
such way that during deformation of tubers
there mainly has been compression of the
damaged tissues of the tuber, with the least
turgor. The degree of damage of samples of
tubers is determined by the ratio of the volume
of damaged tissues of tubers to the total volume
of the sample. We have given the mechanical
properties of tissues of tubers, fruits and root
vegetables, their structure, dimensional
characteristics, it can be assumed that the use of
this method of determining internal damage
possible for apples, carrots, beets and harvest of
other crops. Use of damage control will enable
timely identification of hidden damage and
make it possible to eliminate their causes,
which lead to increase loss products
In this article, there are descriptions of ventilation
systems of municipal and industrial buildings. We
consider the scheme of natural ventilation and
ventilation with mechanical drive. In agriculture
production, processes accompanied by the releasing
into the air of premises various harmful substances:
gases and vapors, excess of heat and moisture. The
source of the fumes and gases are various technological
processes. People, animals and birds in the premises,
release carbon dioxide and other gases. Sources of heat
gain are the people, animals and birds, solar radiation,
production equipment and so on. For optimization of
parameters of the air environment, satisfying the
hygienic requirements, need to install ventilation. The
ventilation system – it is a set of devices for handling,
transportation, supply and removal of air. The
advantage of this article is the systematization of
ventilation systems of production premises. We have
identified the main flows of indoor air and placement of
exhaust shafts. Greatest interest are the systems
operating year-round or during the heat period and
exhaust systems equipped with control devices in the
form of a throttle valves or gate valves and a device for
cleaning the air. We give sufficient attention to the
thermal regime of premises, heat losses and heat gain
through protecting designs. We indicated that a
significant effect on the thermal state of premises might
be provided by humidity level of fences, as well as
potential of heat and moisture transfer
In the article, based on the generalization of long-term
operation of archives of Kuban state University, we
present current regulations and practice of work with
archival documents, pressing questions of transition to
paperless acquisition, storage and use of documentary
resources of the organization. The author conducted a
detailed analysis of the functioning of the archives of
the University taking into account the specifics of the
focus of the organization, defined the main tasks of the
archive. The role of the archive is considered in the
context of source of historical and cultural heritage of
society. We highlighted problems of control and
storage of archival documents, due to the steady
growth of documentary information. Due to the rapid
development of electronic document management
today, the approach to the management of archival
documents is formed based on electronic technologies.
Based on the analysis and the identified problems, the
article presented constructive proposals for the
introduction of an electronic document archive
organization if the interaction with the EDMS and
other systems. To speed up the process of working
with paper media, we might use the technology of
digitization. It is obvious that now, without
implementation of modern information technologies it
is impossible to organize effective accounting, storage
and use of archival documents
In the article, we perform an analysis of the means of
shaping and formserialize in fur clothes taken in the
production of domestic and foreign fur companies. The
spatial form of fur garments is solved, in the main,
constructive. The type, direction and amount of
articulation were determined by the design of the
product and the properties of the fur: the height of the
hairline, the size of fur semi-finished product. The
proposed positioning of the shaping of articulation in
fur clothes has to be performed in the environment of
3D CAD. It is established that in modern models of the
silhouette of a fur product may be formed not only by
design divisions but also by a combination of the
product of different types of fur. We have performed
studies on the use of funds of formation in models of
industrial collections fur coat 2015-16 presented on the
trading spots of Moscow. We have conducted a
monitoring of consumer preferences on the types of fur
among women and determined the causes of loss of
fur, clothing of spatial forms under adverse conditions
of wearing. We have also proposed innovative means
of formserialize in a fur garment of solid and
perforated fur
The article discusses the methodology of the study of
influence of the angles of the spray nozzles on the
quality indicators. The authors considered three
options for placement of dispensers with preset angles.
To determine the quality indicators we used a special
technique based on the use of a personal computer
equipped with a scanner with high resolution for
entering information directly to the trapping surfaces
Hardening of clay soil manifests in the form of
increase of the resistance of sample to shear
deformation. The shear tests of normally compacted
and overcompacted soils give values of peak strength
at small strains and long-term strength at high. A shear
test with constant strain rate of deformation (CRD)
with continuous recording of resistance encounters
uneven resistance change and the cyclical rate of
change of resistance (RCR). The identification of
cycles of the SIS allowed us to divide the deformation
in each cycle for elastic and inelastic, corresponding to
the ascending and descending branches of cycle. On an
interval of the total resistance, the increases of the
increment of inelastic strain are positive up to some
critical value of the total deformation of the sample at
which their sum reaches a maximum. This maximum
is adopted as a measure of hardening. With further
shearing of the sample, inelastic increments are
negative, and their sum is monotonously decreases and
reaches negative values for the total destruction of the
sample. This value is taken as the softening. A
symptom of total failure of the sample is the decline of
absolute values of inelastic increments of resistance to
zero. In general, the trend of the increments of inelastic
and elastic increments of the resistance of the sample indicates the development of the destruction of the soil
sample on the sliding surfaces and, in particular,
yielding of the total surface. The sum of elastic
increments of the resistance monotonically increases
throughout the shear
The object of the study is bored piles and their joint
work with clay soils. The analysis of the field of static
tests of bored piles, arranged by continuous flight auger
technology (CFA), was carried out by repeated loading.
Curve of settlement and the rate of its development
from the applied force was obtained. Linear relationship
reducing the amount of settlement in the second cycle
from residual displacements after unloading pile on the
first cycle was found. There was a relationship
increment of settlements in the second cycle from the
involvement of the bottom end in the work