The article deals with competition issues between
modern currencies for domination on international
financial markets. Historical background of world
currencies and the reasons for development and
becoming dominants nowadays are analyzed. Author’s
reasoning and data analysis of several currencies place
in the global exchange system are given. Process of
defining a currency as «reserve» is analyzed.
Economic essence of SDR and Wocu is concerned.
Dynamics of international savings in foreign currency
reserves and share of external loans in foreign
currency are analyzed in the article. Data of the survey
made by A&O Research about currency domination is
examined, competitiveness assessment of modern
currencies is summarized
Strategically significant dealings of business entities’
amalgamation and absorption are revised in the article.
We have listed the methods and the information supply
of the evaluation of the business entity’s potential and
the evaluation of potential increment of a business
entity as a result of integration
The article describes the structure and the example of
using automated subsystems, which can be used in
telecommunication companies for the most efficient
process of automation of office staff related to budget
planning, which includes monitoring and planning of
incomes, earned whereby customers of various
branches and segments. After analyzing the business
processes of the research object - groups of operational
planning of the Stavropol branch, as well as the evaluation
of existing approaches to solving the problem of
income planning, it was concluded that it’s necessary
to develop an automated subsystem. According to the
instructions of the corporate center, while planning the
budget, the staff must use a technique of planning and
control of budget revenues, implying a partition total
planned revenue for each branch income from different
segments, followed by separation of each group income
by services and articles, as well as a formulation
of the work plans for managers who deals with large
and small customers. The results can also be used to
make recommendations on the formulation of individual
plans for sale-managers, on further areas of cooperation
with customers, the MRB and the CC based on
the analysis and evaluation of divisions of the organization’s
KPI
The article describes the structure, the algorithm and
the example of using of an automated subsystem for
advertising campaign budget planning. This subsystem
enables automated distribution of funds allocated for
the advertising budget, by types and items of
promotional activities, taking into account the
effectiveness of a particular kind of advertising, as
well as the seasonal changes on individual expenses
items. The article substantiates the relevance and the
need for the development and testing of the subsystem
described by the example of "Kairos" Ltd
The problem of determining the correct potential
market size for commodity products produced by
small businesses is a subject of a great importance,
as the excess of unsold products become a source of
loss and default of management. Sales of produced
agricultural and food produce for subjects of small
business is crucial and, therefore, is a subject of increased
interest. The author notes that today the main
thing is not to produce products, but to effectively
realize what is being produced. For this reason, for
manufacturers of products, the correct prediction of
production volumes given the potential market size is
a problem of current interest. For more accurate results,
the author recommends dividing the consumer
groups of the population depending on the level of
food consumption. To achieve that, it is suggested to
divide consumers’ social, specific, and other characteristics.
These essential features are accounted by
the instrumentation panel surveys. The proposed
approach with the right content recommended formula
allows to define and model the volumes of agricultural
products, which the market is able to absorb;
to plan specific levels of production of subjects
of small farms, the volume of product offerings that
will find buyers, what will significantly reduce the
risks of losses and occurrence of illiquid stocks
It is proposed to differentiate the housing by the
various qualifying characteristics, including ways of
conducting transactions on the primary and secondary
markets, organized and unorganized; in and out of
the exchange markets. The signs of the functional
purpose of the housing market are systematized, the
composition of market participants are detailed. The
author provides the statistical information on the key
participants in the regional housing market, and the
main investors in this market, indicating areas of
interest. As investors, in the local housing market are
considered: the organs of management of state
property, municipal property, civil persons, legal
entity, organizations, physical and legal foreign
persons, and other participants in housing projects. It
is noted that in practice, the greatest distribution was
achieved by the following forms of participation in
the construction: equity, the issuance of securities to
attract investors, banking and mortgage lending.
Than, this practices are analyzed, and the advantages
of each of these systems are systematized. There is
also a system of performance indicators of the
regional housing market, consisting of three groups:
volumes of housing construction, the cost and
availability of housing. For the third group, it is
proposed to add the housing affordability index for
which the method of its calculation is shown. The
simplicity of the recommended approach allows to
carry out operative calculations in the practice of
construction with determination of affordability of
housing for certain categories of population based on
its income, at all regional housing markets. The
economic essence of this indicator characterizes the
ratio of the market price of housing and the income
level of the population. The retrospective and
prospective trends of development of regional
housing policy are shown
Availability of selling channels is the key to further
successful development of subjects of small agrarian
farms. Today, the share of large chain retailers continues
to grow, breaking the 25% bar of all retail
sales, and the share of agricultural markets and fairs
reduced by reason of redundancy for the control and
regulation of trade. Recent monitoring revealed that
prices of cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, potatoes, onions,
and beets at agricultural fairs were 15-20%
lower than in stores. So, if to destroy small market
infrastructure, the peasant farm, personal subsidiary
and other small agricultural production, provision of
their products to local farm markets just dies. However,
agricultural markets are waiting for bad changes
– they will be obliged to work only indoor, in
permanent buildings. Agricultural markets, which
can not cope with the implementation of the new
law, will be forced to close, to withdraw from the
market. The authors predict that the closing of small
markets will lead to a rise in price of foods on the
average on 15% and believe the decision of postponing
the implementation of the law to 2010 is correct,
including transferring territorial authorities the right
to carry agricultural markets in capital structures,
allocation to mobile trading in a separate category
with a simplified procedure of regulation, and making
transparent and unified principles of regulation of
non-stationary trade
The article touches upon the issue of identifying
patterns of the entrepreneurial sphere development in
the Russian Federation regions. The following areas
of business activity, leading in terms of the turnover
of small businesses, were analyzed in the study:
agriculture; wholesale and retail trade;
manufacturing. In order to identify the favorable
conditions for the development of the studied
entrepreneurial areas in the Russian Federation, the
authors have developed an algorithm based on the
methods of N.G. Zagoruiko and on the methods of
reducing the dimension of attribute space. It was
found, that the studied areas of entrepreneurial sphere
do not interact much with each other, and the
mechanisms of their professional communication are
not developed sufficiently. A model in the form of
decision rules of favorable conditions for the
enterprises functioning in the entrepreneurial sphere
of Russian regions was created with the use of the
author's algorithm. The study revealed that
agriculture is mainly influenced by the climate, the
population of the region, the number of small
businesses, the land area of the region, and
investment in fixed assets. Wholesale and retail trade
are influenced by the standard of living of the
population, the land area of the region, and the
number of small businesses. The manufacturing
industry is influenced by the number of small
enterprises, the standard of living of the population,
investment in fixed assets, and the land area of the
region. The basis of the created model and the
revealed consisted patterns can be used to form an effective governmental policy of the development of
entrepreneurial sphere in the Russian Federation
regions
This work is devoted to the analysis of economic
efficiency of municipal medical institutions in modern
conditions. Health care is one of the dominant sectors
of the social sphere. The quality of medical services
provided to the population is a key criterion for social
and economic development of society, so the theme
chosen is very relevant in our day. Currently there are
problems with the efficiency of healthcare institutions.
Unmet need of the population in the quality of medical
services, says the need for its development and
improvement
The article reviews economic aspects of efficiency
improvement of the national breeding capacity in rice
growing. It is noted that there are no foreign rice varieties
in the RF State Register of Breeding Achievements
approved for use. However, only 2 - 3 leading rice
varieties cover more than half of the rice acreage and
thus reducing the efficiency of the existing varieties
potential of the economic sub-sector. The critical importance
of breeding and the wide-spread introduction
into production of rice varieties resistant to disease is
highlighted. The cyclic and growing occurrence frequency
of blast as the most harmful disease of rice is
shown. The data are provided on the increase of the
annual cost of the rice crop and fungicide treatment
and reduced yields of different varieties of rice during
epiphytoties. A refined formula is proposed for calculating
the annual economic effect of the introduction of
new rice varieties. The formula takes into account
changes in yield components, grain quality, the cost of
breeding and introduction of new varieties, as well as
the potential cost savings due to rice resistance to blast.
The seeds of domestic long-grain rice varieties and
exclusive varieties resistant to blast are available for
the Russian market. For a wider introduction into production
of all local bred rice varieties, it is necessary to
actively develop seed production, improve market research
as well as the management efficiency in plant
breeding and seed production