Due to the wide spread of winter barley varieties with
different Phytopathologic characteristics, a serious
threat to the crop is dwarf rust caused by a pathogenic
fungi of the Puccinia. The article presents the results of
phytosanitary studies conducted in different agroclimatic
zones of the North Caucasus region for the
period from 2013 to 2015. Electronic maps of levels of
development and distribution of dwarf rust are based on
phytosanitary inspection. On the experimental field
called «Kuban» as well as rust nursery of VNIIBZR we
have performed an immunological evaluation of the
sustainability of winter barley accessions to the
pathogen of the dwarf rust on natural and artificial
infectious backgrounds in the period from 2013 to
2015. The article reflects the objective characteristics of
varieties and lines of winter barley with a relative
stability to the North Caucasian population Puccinia
hordei. The most promising varieties and lines of winter
barley of the KubGAU breeding were selected during
operation. These varieties and lines are highly resistant
to rust and dwarf, they also have other valuable
features. The article presents information on the best
yield varieties and lines of winter barley as well as on
gross yield and sowing area
Hereby we present the results of the research devoted
to study of influence of growth modulator called
melaphen on the technical brand of gapes such as
Sovinion White and its agro-biological characteristics.
The research was conducted in 2014-2015 using
fruitful grape Sovinion White of 2004 planting as a
subject in agro farm “Yuzhnaya” of Temruk in the
Krasnodar Region. Melaphen is a type of melamine
salt of bioximethilphosphin acid. It evokes complex
influence on the energetic complex of vegetation cell
in all three stages of vegetation. The chemical was
applied mechanically by a tractor sprinkling. The
square of tested patch is 2 hectares. Melaphen usage
was 6,7 ml to 1 hectare . Norm of liquid applied was
700 liters to 1 hectare. Three times the chemical was
applied during vegetation: before blossoming, grape
growth phase (grapes the size of a pea) and before the
grapes ripen. As a result it was estimated that three times chemical application of melaphen to Sovinion
White in dose 1.
10-9 in period after blossoming of
grapes and before the grapes ripen led to more
saturated accumulation of sugar in juice of the grapes
and also to faster ripening and harvesting, larger mass
of grape bunch amount of harvesting from a bush.
Besides, in the tested option growing processes are
accelerated and pigmentation agents are accumulated
faster in the leaves and embryo infestation in winter
sleeping core is boosted at larger scale. Better harvest
quality leads to better wine materials quality.
Application of melaphen provides higher economical
efficiency
In this article we consider application of the automated systemic and cognitive analysis (ASK-analysis), its mathematical model – a systemic information theory and the program tools realizing them – the intellectual Eidos system, for input (digitization) of images from graphic files, synthesis of the generalized images of classes, their abstraction, classification of the generalized images of classes (clusters and constructs), comparison of concrete images with the generalized images (identification) of classes, comparisons of classes with each other and creations of the generalized images of genus of ground beetles on the basis of images of the types. The new approach to digitization of images of ground beetles based on use of a polar frame, the center of weight of the image and its external contour is offered. Before digitization of images, their transformations standardizing the provision of images, their sizes and an angle of rotation can be applied. Therefore, the results of digitization and the ASK-analysis of images can be invariant (are independent) concerning their situation, the sizes and turn. There is a successful experience of the solution of similar tasks in other subject domains. This article can be considered as a continuation of series of the works devoted to application of the automated systemic and cognitive analysis (ASK-analysis) and its program tools – the Eidos system
The phenomenon of fasciation on the example of higher
plants was considered. The effect of fasciation on the
various particularities of plants has been shown. The
numerous examples of the different groups of plants with
fasciation bodies are given. We have demonstrated that
the phenomenon of fasciation is more common for
cultivated plants than for wild. In most cases, fasciation
is considered as an exceptional phenomenon. A number
of authors have distinguished fasciation to inheritable
and non-inheritable. The first is caused by internal
reasons. The second is the influence of external factors
such as insect damage, injury, weather conditions. The
number of regularities was installed: reproductive bodies
of plants fasciationing more often; thermophilic forms
are more likely to be fasciation. The images of different
cultures with fasciation parts are given. We discuss using
the introduction of the term ”connаtions” as
morphological abnormalities. Fasciation can be
considered as a marker trait for the cause of this
phenomenon with violation of ecological situation. The
plants with morphosis, including fasciation of the certain
parts of bodies, can act as indicators of environmental
pollution. The study of the phenomenon of fasciation in
higher plants can be regarded as a method of breeding for
large fruit size. From one side, to establish the adaptation
abilities of newly created genotypes. Thus, the
phenomenon of fasciation has affected many areas of
science. On the other side, it is proof of the violations
caused by environmental factors. On the other hand, it is
hereditary reasons, and can also serve as a model for
studying morphogenesis
The study was performed to genotype some commercial wine yeast strains with SSR-markers. Five polymorphic SSR-markers were tested in a selection of 15 yeast strains. Tested SSR-markers showed a high level of informativeness as well as polymorphism and can be used further to analyze the genetic diversity of wine yeast
The article presents the data about flora and vegetation of
the territory of the Yakut Botanical garden, where an
ecological trail will be; there is a characteristic of plant
communities and their classification. Preliminary, the
flora of the ecological path includes 310 species of
higher vascular plants belonging to 54 families and 172
genera
The article discusses the formation of the collection
that includes the most numerous genus Pelargonium
(L.Herit.) from the family Geraniaceae Juss, as well as
its importance, and the prospects for replenishing and
use. There is also analysis of the publications for the
recent years, clarifying approaches and principles in
classifying the representatives of this species. The
collection of Russian Research Institute of Floriculture
and Subtropical Crops is described, taking into account
new palynological and cytogenetic criteria in
pelargoniums section division. It is represented by
more than 120 species, cultivars, as well as
intravarietal and interspecific hybrids and is divided
into three branches (A, B, C2), three subgenus
(Pelargonium. Parvulipetala, Paucisignata) and five
sections (Pelargonium, Otidia, Peristera., Reniformia
Ciconium). Collection samples are included to the
breeding research, as sources of economic features
when creating highly-ornamental hybrids and
cultivars. The work also studies possible using of the
most adapted species, cultivars and hybrids in urban
landscaping on the Black Sea coast
The article shows the direct impact of oil pollution on
morphometric parameters and external a large burdock
broadleaf and camel spines ordinary. The object of the
study is Sokolovsky oil wells in the Astrakhan region.
Vegetation is very sensitive to violations environment
and most visually reflects the changing ecological
situation territory as a result of anthropogenic impact.
Petroleum products concentration of 8100 mg / kg
leads to a decrease some morphometric indicators
plants and deterioration of their external condition.
The results of content research oil products in the soil
showed that the maximum values of this indicator at
the end of the oil wells (near rescue station), which
was more than 8 ODK, the minimum - in control, in
the region beach (0.1 ODK), at all other points. The
indices were within the norm (1000 mg / kg). In the
location of the oil there were 10 terrestrial plant
species. We have studied plant territories using the
following parameters: root length, thickness, the length
of the above-ground part
The study of agronomy plants history, its distribution
and use through image analysis and iconography have
been presented. As an object of study, the image of
wheat has been taken as the ancient culture of the
world among agricultural plants. After many years, the
illustrative series takes on a completely different
meaning, namely, it becomes an independent resource
of information. The analysis includes images of wheat
in painting, sculpture, mosaic, tapestries, murals,
botanical illustrations, stamps, porcelain and scientific
drawings. In the work, we have made an attempt to
analyze the images of wheat in the works of art in
order to search for species diversity, directions of
selection and genetic research, and also to present the
morphological characteristics of culture. The method
of analysis is a method of visual notes or sketches,
which consists in comparing and searching
information by image. The analysis is carried out on
grounds: tall wheat, multiflorous forms of wheat, nonspreading,
thickness of straw. The visual analysis of
the images of wheat in works of art by the method of
sketches made it possible to reveal the species
diversity of culture along the ear, to see the ancient
forms that were cultivated in the world before the
"green revolution". The analysis included works of art
from the 14th to the 21st century, the masters of
painting in Italy, Germany, Russia, the Netherlands,
France, the United States, and others
The article presents the results on the effects of
Imazethapyr herbicide on aquatic organisms. The
chronic toxic effects have been studied of the
imidazolinone herbicide in a concentration range of
0.4 - 1150 mg/l to the representatives of various
groups of aquatic organisms: zoobenthos – great
ramshorn snail (Planorbarius corneus), zooplankton
- Daphnia (Daphnia magna Straus), phytoplankton -
protococcal alga (Scenedesmus guadrigauda) and
macrophytes - higher aquatic vegetation (Elodea
canadensis Michx). It is shown that the herbicide
does not have a pronounced lethal effect to aquatic
organisms tested. Their respective LC50 values are
> 1000, 680, 510 and 910. Elodea is shown to be
most sensitive to its sublethal effects (decreased
growth of lateral and main sprouts at a concentration
of 10 mg/l and more), reduced fertility was observed
in Daphnia at a concentration of 300 mg/l and
above, and as to the great ramshorn snail no
sublethal effects have been revealed for all the
concentrations studied