In rapidly changing conditions of the modern world,
analysts and decision makers are in need to use new
formal means of analysis and evaluation of alternatives
problems. This work is dedicated to the development
of such tools. The article presents a detailed analysis
and technical and economic characteristics of the
subject area - the financial market and its specific
components - the value of a time series of gold, silver,
palladium, platinum, and two kinds of exchange rates:
EUR / RUB, USD / RUB. The authors have proposed
a 5-criteria economic-mathematical model of the main
components of the ranking of the financial market. The
authors argue the impossibility of using a single
integrated set of criteria for the replacement of the
criteria or the use of criteria convolution procedures as
the standard procedure of solving the problem of
multi-criteria optimization. It demonstrates that such
criteria as criteria for "risk" must be considered as an
estimate of the degree of deviation from the expected
value of the possible values of this criterion. The
practical significance of the results is determined by
the fact that the main points, conclusions,
recommendations, models and methods can be used in
order to improve the management and planning of
development strategies of banking systems, trading
platforms, as well as by developers of information and
analytical systems to support management decisionmaking
It is noted that the grain market has a key influence on food supply in our country. Today, in the conditions of import substitution, many animal products continue to be received from abroad in large volumes, among which grain is a feeding base, although those products can be produced domestically with high profits. In recent years, our country has become a large grain exporter and had been set among the four world's largest grain sellers at the world market. Now, the main problem of the grain business has become not manufacturing but the effective management and marketing of grain sale on domestic and foreign markets. Under the "grain market", the authors understand an integrated mechanism covering the entire process of production - processing - logistics - marketing of grain products, ensuring access to the consumer. The authors note that today there should not be rigid boundaries in the management segments of the grain market, as all sectors of the market are technologically linked through a set of integrated activities. Also they are bringing up their model of functioning management of the grain market, which clearly demonstrates the basic blocks of the investigated production systems, their connections and relationships. The practical implementation of such cooperation promises to participants of the grain market to get a certain synergistic effect due to the systemic functioning of technological, logistics, marketing and other business relationships between all parties; as well as adjustments to price ratios and more sophisticated economic instruments for investment in that business
There is the tasks classification of the multicriterial
evaluation of the objects and systems of different
levels and types proposed, based on a combination of
different numbers of effectiveness indicators for the of
economic systems, taken into account by decisionmakers,
and the principles of optimality in the
adoption of managerial decisions, in the article. There
are the difficulties in determining the systems’
effectiveness identified, when it is necessary to take
into account not one but several sets of efficiency and
effectiveness indicators, as a rule, multidirectional
action or nature (for example, social and economic
indicators, absolute and relative performance
indicators of a single character, risk and return
indicators). The authors give examples of the
effectiveness’ multi-criteria evaluation tasks for the
production systems’ level. The specific numerical
estimates and the order of reasoning in each of the
cases are given. There is the prove of the situations
when the traditional principles of decision-making:
dominance and Pareto - do not allow managers to
choose one single effective solution and require to
apply other principles and additional criteria, such as
the principle of highlighting the main indicator, the
principle of forming complex indicators, the principle
of meeting the needs Consumer and others in order to
choose the most effective system in the article. The
above factors significantly complicate decisionmaking
processes and require further improvement of
procedures for the decisions’ effectiveness assessing
using indicators set. This problem will be the subject
of the further authors’ researches
The article describes the methodology for analyzing
the break-even of multiproduct production; it
emphasizes the value of analysis of break-even and
targeted profit planning because this approach allows
you to assess the profitability of certain types of
products, establish the "safety margin" of the
enterprise and plan the sales of products that provide
the desired value of profit
The article touches upon the issue of identifying
patterns of the entrepreneurial sphere development in
the Russian Federation regions. The following areas
of business activity, leading in terms of the turnover
of small businesses, were analyzed in the study:
agriculture; wholesale and retail trade;
manufacturing. In order to identify the favorable
conditions for the development of the studied
entrepreneurial areas in the Russian Federation, the
authors have developed an algorithm based on the
methods of N.G. Zagoruiko and on the methods of
reducing the dimension of attribute space. It was
found, that the studied areas of entrepreneurial sphere
do not interact much with each other, and the
mechanisms of their professional communication are
not developed sufficiently. A model in the form of
decision rules of favorable conditions for the
enterprises functioning in the entrepreneurial sphere
of Russian regions was created with the use of the
author's algorithm. The study revealed that
agriculture is mainly influenced by the climate, the
population of the region, the number of small
businesses, the land area of the region, and
investment in fixed assets. Wholesale and retail trade
are influenced by the standard of living of the
population, the land area of the region, and the
number of small businesses. The manufacturing
industry is influenced by the number of small
enterprises, the standard of living of the population,
investment in fixed assets, and the land area of the
region. The basis of the created model and the
revealed consisted patterns can be used to form an effective governmental policy of the development of
entrepreneurial sphere in the Russian Federation
regions
The article presents the results of the analysis of the
national beef cattle breeding, including the dynamics
of the stock and amounts of beef production in Russia
and the Krasnodar region. The study has noted the
high degree of dependence of the domestic market
from imports of this product. It showed a positive international
experience of beef production based on
feeding animal meat breeds. This article gives an
analysis of the sub-sector in the country and across its
regions, shows the availability of domestic producers
of beef natural pastures in comparison with countries
with developed beef cattle. We have also noted positive
experience of feeding cattle meat breeds in separate
regions of the country
At present time, when mankind is in postindustrial
phase characterized by constantly changing economic
conditions, intellectual resources are in the foreground
as key factors of economic development. This means
that knowledges and skills have crucial significance in
achieving economic success. The article reveals the
theoretical basis of the concept of human capital,
which appeared in the middle of the XX century as a
narrow definition and which has been expanding over
time. In this article human capital is considered as a
key factor of economic competitiveness of a modern
state. International experience shows that the world
leading countries in socio-economic development are
the countries with a high level of education, health,
science and culture. The share of human capital in the
national wealth of these countries exceeds 70% as a
rule. At the same time, there is a significant depletion
of human capital in Russia as a result of substantial
understatement of its value, which is a very big mistake
that has devastating economic consequences for
our country in the future. The main emphasis of this
article is focused on the further developing of human
capital as a priority factor of socio-economic development
of our country. The article offers to consider investments
in education, culture, health, scientific researches
and innovative developments as the main
field of public and private investments
Nowadays forming an image of a conscientious
taxpayer is a strategic trend of development of plenty
of agricultural organizations as it provides the market
value and stability of business. However, methods of
fiscal regulation require accurate and actual
information concerning management of tax risks and
ensuring transparency of implementation of the
taxation. While paying a unified agricultural tax
(UAT), organizations face certain inconveniences and
complications of calculation of taxable base. In this
article, we consider benefits and shortcomings of a
unified agricultural tax, and propose an option of
decreasing in tax risks by integration of a new
developed tax register
In the article we consider problems of transition of an
economic system to the new technological way. Success
depends on degree of readiness of system for
institutional changes and availability of necessary
resources. Assessment of a condition of system plays an
important role in the choice of management decisions
on its upgrade. Delay with transition to new
technological way or, on the contrary, its stimulation in
system, not ready to changes, leads to serious, negative
consequences for the reformed economy. Change of
technological way leads to the release of capital which
goes to the financial markets, entering crisis chaos into
the system. The task of the state consists in timely
reaction on developed, during transition to new way, a
situation and the direction of financial flows in key
technologies of new way. The new system of
assessment of a condition of system and a stabilization
effort is offered during the change of technological way
The approaches to the intellectual capital
evaluation and its components, such as structural
capital, client capital and human capital of the
agro-industrial complexes’ enterprises are revised
in the article. The problems of the quantitative
evaluation of the human capital, the client capital
and the organizational capital are revealed for
enterprises of the agro-industrial complexes. The
examples of the structural, client and human
capital’s components are proposed. The authors
propose the method of the evaluation of the
enterprise potential based on the development of
the evaluation of the enterprise’s market value,
regarding the influence of the human, client and
organizational capital on its process. To develop
the income approach it is proposed to regard the
sum of the net present value of most preferable
projects and to regard the potential residual value
of a particular subject to the end of its projects’
planning period. The implementation of proposed
method of potential’s evaluation allows
estimating intellectual capital for expanded range
of enterprises including the companies of the
agro-industrial complexes. Moreover, it helps to
solve tasks to potential dealings of mergers and
acquisitions’ evaluation in the sphere of the agroindustrial
complexes, as well as the evaluation of
dealings devoted to the negotiations of some parts
of company’s assets