It is highlighted, that the development of measures for
the selection of the optimal model of urban public
transport organization in Magadan requires an objective
evaluation of factors of its surroundings and evaluation
of the degree of their influence on municipal transport
infrastructure in general. It was revealed, that urgent
measures for solving problems of integrated
management from the direction of municipal
government are required. As a result, the principal
trends of public transport development in a northern
town are determined, and some recommendations on
improving public transport management efficiency
from the direction of local authorities are given
Recently, our country has become the venue for a
number of large-scale worldwide events, the so-called
megaprojects (e.g. APEC Summit in Vladivostok in
2012, the World summer Universiade in Kazan-2013,
2014 Winter Olympics of Sochi, the FIFA World Cup
in 2018), the preparation and conduct of which include
implementation of projects for the establishment of
appropriate facilities and infrastructure. The impact of
the preparation and holding of such large investment
projects is diverse and multifaceted on all spheres of
life of the host region. This article is devoted to the
analysis of influence of the XXII Olympic Games on
the level of social and economic security of the city of
Sochi and Krasnodar region. In addition to traditional
in national and foreign scientific literature analysis of
dynamics of basic macroeconomic indicators as the
important characteristics of the efficiency and
competitiveness of the regional economy, in the article
are studied the indicators and causes of changes in the
investment climate and business activity. Special
attention is paid to small business in connection with
the place and the role in the local economies recreation
and tourism specialization
Everyone knows the up-to-date state of the Russian
economy that has arisen due to the foreign influence.
The result is financial and economic crisis that began
in 2014. This article discusses a strategy to fight the
crisis with the help of small business development as
the most important sector of the economy. Small
business naturally is very vulnerable, and a
businessperson faces with many challenges even in the
first stages of development of the business. Therefore,
they need support from the state, and we have
described its kinds in this article. The relevance of this
work is indisputable, as in Russia small business is
only currently able to get due attention, although the
sprouts were planted far in the past. It is the small
business has great potential for playing a significant
role in maintaining the stability of the socio-economic
development of society, due to its characteristics,
namely: easy to operate; quick adaptability to market
changes; slight start-up capital for his business and
many others. It is important to say, that small and
medium-sized companies play a significant role in
employment, in production of certain goods and in
research and production developments
The assessment and calculation of objects of
accounting is important for obtaining objective
information on an economic and financial position
of the organization. Requirements imposed to an
assessment reveal: the assessment of all objects of
accounting has to be real and uniform. It is
specified obligation of an assessment of objects of
accounting in monetary value – in rubles of the
Russian Federation. At the solution of a question of
assessment methods in modern conditions, it is
necessary to know how these issues were resolved
earlier. In this article, we have considered historical
aspects of an assessment in accounting in Russia.
The points of view of various scientists on
questions of an assessment and accounting are
given. It is specified, that in Russia, the
development of the state and monastic farm was an
incitement to development of accounting. Thus in
trade at the accounting of goods the account method
on each party with the cost scheme of registration
of the facts of economic life prevailed. It is noted,
that at that time most of accountants adhered to the
principle of an assessment at prime cost. The
special attention is paid to the development of the
agricultural account. The points of view of
unigrafists and digrafists on problems of an
assessment and calculation are considered.
Discussion concerning an assessment and
revaluation of fixed assets is shown. The criticism
of an assessment on labor units and other natural
measuring instruments is presented. We have also
substantiated the need of an assessment of
biological assets at fair value locates
The assessment of objects of accounting is important
for obtaining objective information on an economic
and financial position of the organization. At the
solution of a question of assessment methods in
modern conditions, it is necessary to know how these
issues were resolved earlier. In this article, we consider
historical aspects of an assessment in accounting.
The retrospective of the solution of this question is
given, beginning from the XIII century in various
countries – Italy, France, Great Britain, Germany,
Holland, the USA, etc. Various points of view on
assessment questions are considered. It is specified,
that with the advent of a monetary assessment there
was a double record. Types of estimates are
considered: at the acquisition price (historical), at the
sale (market) price, at prime cost, at recovery cost, at
the reproduction price, a multiple assessment (for each
asset of balance to use the base of an assessment), at
fair value. Their positive and negative sides are given.
The option of an assessment and revaluation of assets
in the conditions of inflation with need to correct the
wholesale prices of an inflation index is reflected. The
main historical stages of development of an
assessment – naturalistic, origin and distribution of a
monetary assessment, distribution of market and
historical estimates, development of variety of
estimates, an assessment regulation, and association of
various estimates in the category of “fair value” are
formulated
The formation of a system of indicators for assessing
the performance of the business processes of the
enterprise is one of the most actual and modern
directions of increase of efficiency of activity of the
enterprise. The system of indicators should be
developed in accordance with the specifics of
company's activity, its strategic goals and available
resources. Consideration of the process of developing
a system of indicators of business processes on a
specific example of an industrial enterprise allows not
only to evaluate the operation of departments in terms
of running processes, but also to develop a list of
measures to improve the efficiency of functions
execution of business processes. The work presents
theoretical information, the development of a system
of indicators of business processes within the selected
areas using this method of process optimization. The
initial stage of the work on the development and
evaluation of a system of indicators of business
processes was made by enterprise characteristics,
description of its organizational structure and core
activities. The article considers the indicators of
process, product and satisfaction of customers in terms
of cost, time and technical performance. For example,
the business process that best reflects the specifics of
the enterprise, the process of developing a system of
indicators and presented conclusions, and developed
recommendations and actions for the application of the
system of indicators of business processes
In this article, in accordance with the methodology of
the Automated system-cognitive analysis (ASCanalysis),
we examine the implementation of the 1st
and 2nd stages of ASC-analysis: cognitive structuring
and formalization of the subject area. At the stage of
cognitive structurization of subject area, researchers
decide what to consider as the object of modeling, the
factors affecting it and the results of their actions. In
accordance with the results of the cognitive structurization,
we prepare the initial database for the study
(training sample or case-based reasoning). At the stage
of formalization of the subject area, the base of the
original data is being normalized, i.e., we develop
classification and description: the scale and graduations
and with their use the base of the source data is
being encoded. The result is a database of events
(eventological database) and the training sample. The
stage of cognitive structuring and preparation of the
source data is not formalized and the formalization of
the subject area is fully automated and performed directly
with the use of the universal cognitive analytical
system named "Eidos", which is a software Toolkit for ASC-analysis. Stages of cognitive structurization and
formalization of the subject area of ASC-analysis are
the first steps of data conversion into information and
into knowledge. Subsequent steps: the synthesis and
verification of system-cognitive model, the decision of
problems of identification, forecasting and decision
making, as well as studies of the modeled object by
studying its model will be considered in future articles
In this article, in accordance with the methodology of
the Automated system-cognitive analysis (ASCanalysis),
we examine the implementation of the 3rd
ASC-analysis: synthesis and verification of forecasting
models of development of diversified agro-industrial
corporations. In this step, we have synthesis and verification
of 3 statistical and 7 system-cognitive models:
ABS – matrix of the absolute frequencies, PRC1 and
PRC2 – matrix of the conditional and unconditional
distributions, INF1 and INF2 private criterion: the
amount of knowledge based on A. Kharkevich, INF3 –
private criterion: the Chi-square test: difference between
the actual and the theoretically expected absolute
frequencies INF4 and INF5 – private criterion:
ROI - Return On Investment, INF6 and INF7 – private
criterion: the difference between conditional and unconditional
probability (coefficient of relationship).
The reliability of the created models was assessed in
accordance with the proposed metric is similar to the
known F-test, but does not involve the performance of
normal distribution, linearity of the object modeling,
the independence and additivity acting factors. The
accuracy of the obtained models was high enough to resolve the subsequent problems of identification,
forecasting and decision making, as well as studies of
the modeled object by studying its model, scheduled
for consideration in future articles
In the article there was discovered the essence of two
projects of globalization, strong competitiveness of
which came on the large part of XX century. The
liberal project based on the economic freedom,
limiting the government interference, resisted the
socialist project, where the focus is put on the
collective ownership that ensures social justice. The
author of the article reveals the general idealphilosophic
roots of both projects marking their joint
tend to universality and ignoring of national–cultural
differences that in some situations can serve as their
weak or strong side. Despite on the victory of liberal
project under social, the author of the article does not
include in future the alternation of these projects in
the course of human history
Grain is the strategic importance and is the basis for
food security. The gross national product share of
grain and its products is about 10-15%. It always
stands out from other types of raw materials, as used to
produce the most massive daily foods. When selecting
cultivation technology agricultural crop agronomist
has at its disposal a database of more than a hundred
times-personal of alternative technologies for each
crop. Prior to the decision-maker (DMP) is the task of
specific criteria to select the most suitable for the owners,
climatic zone of technology cultivating culture.
These circumstances explain the relevance of in-depth
research of economic and mathematical models and
methods of analysis and evaluation of the economic
efficiency of technologies of cultivation agricultural
crops. The possibility of developing a set of mathematical
models and methods for multi-criteria analysis and
assessment key technologies of cultivation of agricultural
crops