Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Effective management of innovation processes is an important prerequisite for economic growth and competitiveness of the country and can be achieved with the active participation of the state in the field of innovation system. The structural elements of the innovation system are the government, business, education and science, which interact on the basis of the legal framework of innovation. Innovative development is the consistent implementation of measures for the implementation of innovative activities by all actors of the innovation system with the involvement of the all major spheres of life and to ensure the effective interaction of all elements of the innovation system. Currently, the priority development of the Russian economy is a shift from raw materials to innovative. The Krasnodar region is among the regions with the most developed innovative potential. The region is actively developing a legislative framework aimed at regulating the innovation processes operate research and development centers, is strongly supported by local authorities. This article has identified the priority sectors for the development of the edge of innovation processes, analysis of the main indicators of innovation activity, defined constraints of innovation, defined terms of investment attractiveness of the Kuban and the development of innovative tools environment

The crediting activity of commercial banks is a precondition for successful competition of these institutions which leads to the increase in production of credited organizations, employment growth and solvency improvement of the participants of economic relations. Not only the improvement of the crediting technology is considered but also the development and the introduction of new methods of reducing crediting risks are observed. The realization of the small business potential in solving economic and social problems is absolutely impossible without its adequate financial and crediting support. In contemporary Russia the problem of financial support of small business development is particularly urgent. The need for crediting and development of small business in Russia is discussed in this article. The analysis of the main indicators characterizing the current state of crediting of small and medium-sized businesses is made, the SWOT-credit rating is given and the rating of banks providing loans to small business is shown. The main indicators of small and medium-sized business were considered, the analysis of the dynamics of the volume of loans provided to small business was made and the size of loan portfolios was discussed. The main reasons why banks refuse to lend to small business are ranked. On the basis of findings, the ways of solving the problem, in particular the reduction of the tax burden on small business, fixing the prices for the conclusion of contracts and the development of credit bureaus, are suggested.

In modern Russia with market economy, formation and development of business is natural and objective process. Small business exists as independent sector of market economy, providing basic requirements of national economy. The broad movement to public recognition of a private property in the modern market relations promotes manifestation of enterprise, riskiness, effectiveness. Small business in Russia, despite already quite long term of formation of the market relations, only gains steam, and its opportunities are inexhaustible. In small business, the huge potential playing an undoubted role in ensuring stability of social and economic development of society is put. The state support of small business is actual in modern reality as small business is most vulnerable and capable to the most dynamic development. The existing measures of the state support are constructed according to the principles specified in the legislation are extensive and many-sided. Nevertheless, there is a number of shortcomings which overcoming is capable to increase efficiency of the state support of subjects of small business. In this article the efficiency of the existing state support of small business is analyzed, the social importance of small business is emphasized, the main tendencies of its development are considered; the main conditions for competitive development of small business are specified

At the present stage of reforms in Russian regions centripetal processes have amplified. The formal centers of subjects of the Russian Federation became the main focuses of growth and development. These processes and conditions enhance differentiation and dependence of periphery from regional nuclei and centers. Keeping these conditions will intensify uneven development in the Russian regions in the future. Moreover major cities continue to accumulate negative effects on economic activities: environmental problems, social relationships, infrastructure congestion, traffic jams, etc. This model does not allow for sustainable polycentric development and, according to the researchers, limiting the further development of today's largest metropolitan area in the range of 50-60 years. Authors have tried to pay attention to necessity of overcoming of spatial polarization as a necessary condition of a sustainable development of regions. Based on the analysis of approaches to spatial development justified the need for a polycentric type of regional development on the basis of formation of sustainable development dots (ecoloci). The author proposes a concept and a definition of ecolocus as an open ecological and socioeconomic system, freely exchanged environmental, financial, material, human, informational, symbolic, and other kinds of resources with the environment, generating positive changes towards sustainable development and green economy

The purpose of this article is the analysis of the key factors of the Russian economic sovereignty ensuring now. As a result, we have identified the weaknesses in the economy and proposed the ways of solving some problems. The analysis of the mechanism of budget allocation under the anti-crisis plan of the government was performed as well. The prospects for the global oil market, the capital market and the exchange rate of the Russian currency were presented

In the article we have shown the characteristic of conditions for effective functioning of enterprises of different forms of management, which includes the following elements: preferential loans, government subsidies, preferential taxation, price regulation. It justifies the position of the authors about the need to strengthen the regulatory impact of the state on the development of the rural economy for the formation of an effective owner

The Russian Federation is one of the largest states on the planet in area, that is why the importance of the researches of problems of rational use of land resources of our state does not cause doubts. One of the main strategic advantages of the Russian Federation before other states is its nature-resource potential. Naturally that the urgency of state management in the part of use of different natural resources was objectively substantiated for the long period of centuries-old history of Russia, and the nature management (forest management, water management, use of animal world objects) was considered as a inalienable, compound part of land management. The most significant category of Russian lands having the unique natural property – fertility is lands of agricultural purpose among which the agricultural lands have the special place and are the main means of production in agriculture. For the last years there was observed the dynamics of structural changes in the sphere of use of land resources directing to the ecologically substantiated stable social and economic development including the decrease of ecological risks under the satisfaction of human demands in the process of use of natural resources as a main factor of socio-economic development of our country. The research of present changes and the assessment of effectiveness of organizational-economic mechanism of land management in the Russian Federation is the urgent task and this article is devoted to the individual questions of this problem

The article addresses the urgent issue of balanced development of the Russian agro-food complex under the conditions of increasing external risks to ensure national food security. It is proved that the “Input-Output” symmetric tables are a promising method to study the structural balance and inter-industry linkages in the agro-food complex. The inter-industry balance method allows perform an in-depth analysis of the efficiency of the organizational structure of the complex and examine the relationship of natural and value indicators and the financial results of the complex’s industries through analytical processing of the information contained in the “Input-Output” tables and by making an analysis based on the models of inter-industry linkages. To determine the priority areas of the agrarian policy, we perform an inter-industry analysis of the main macroeconomic indicators of development of the complex’s industries and identify the trends in forming food resources and external economic connections. It is concluded that the rates of growth of the domestic agro-food complex should be based on qualitative changes in its inter-industry proportions allowing efficient use of production resources, on prospective development of the industries implementing a multiplier effect from investment-innovation projects, and on improvement of the efficiency of the inter-industry linkages in the complex through providing favorable external conditions of its operation

The article presents the results of the analysis of a current state of the Russian educational organizations of the higher level in general, on federal districts and the "advanced" subjects from 1990 since 2014. We have made an attempt of measuring calculation of optimum proportions of higher educational system on the basis of various organizational and legal forms of managing institutions and results of activity in various regions made by authors after formation and development of the market relations in economy

In the article, the results of the retrospective analysis of development of system of the higher education in Russia are considered. The reasons of searching the alternative sources of financing of higher education institutions, except the budgetary financing are established. The essence, the purposes and advantages of crowd funding and its standard legal support are formulated. On the example of ITMO University, the possibilities of its introduction are considered