Scientific Journal of KubSAU

A mathematical description of the potentials of mass-transfer of hygroscopic materials is possible on the basis of analytical expressions describing sorption and desorption isotherms. Because of the complex nature of the interaction of colloidal capillary-porous materials with moisture, determined by the action other than sorption forces (physical sorption, absorption, chemisorption), capillary condensation forces and osmotic forces, which for different materials are specific and quantitatively different, to date There is no single universal dependence for the analytical description of isotherms of sorption and desorption. Accordingly, there is a wide variety of analytical expressions for the description of isotherms of sorption and desorption. There are many different methods of analytical description of the sorption properties of colloidal capillary-porous materials. All known methods can be divided into two groups: the first should include analytical expressions derived theoretically on the basis of various hypotheses and assumptions, while the second - purely empirical based on the expansion or change in the forms of models of the first group. A large number of equations of equilibrium isotherms are mathematically equivalent. Thus, the method of determining the transport potential based on position allows us to take as a basis for calculation the experimental data on the hygroscopic properties of certain materials and to use the phenomenological approach for the engineering calculation of complex technical devices

The foodservice industry plays an increasingly important role in modern society and every person. This is achieved primarily due to the changing technologies of food processing, development of communications, the means of delivery of products and raw materials, the intensification of many industrial processes. Catering is one of the most important socio-economic components of the level of development of society. The production process consists of the partial tasks of providing, storing, manufacture, sale, distribution, financing, optimization of the warehouse, personnel training and the introduction of new technologies and management. The aim of the study is determination of methodology of optimization of procurement activities in the field of restaurant business, using mathematical programming methods. In catering should pay special attention to the costs of procurement. When choosing a method of solution you need to consider the shelf life of products purchased, calculate the number of them required for dishes and many other important criteria. Today there are thousands of solutions to the optimization problems of planning and management, but many of them also have a number of disadvantages, for example, do not cover all aspects of the subject area, neither provide complete information

The subject of research of this work was the study of the quality of control processes in a nonlinear automatic control system with an approximating the control law. In the known published works there are no results of such studies, which makes it difficult to synthesis a nonlinear control system for multimode objects in applied biotechnology, including technological objects of the agro-industrial complex. A comparative analysis of the quality of regulation in the transient and steady-state regimes is carried out. It is shown that the approximation method used for the synthesis of the nonlinear control law provides a linear dependencies in steady-state and close to them modes in combination with relay modes in transient regimes, which is a positive factor for improving the quality of regulation in multimode control systems. It does not necessary to determine the moments of switching the dependencies in the control law when changing modes

The article presents the main directions of the application of the scree plot method in solving metrological problems in the social and humanitarian fields of knowledge (economics, pedagogy, sociology, including sciencemetry). It is known that statistical measurements in socio-economic systems are inextricably linked with the processing of primary homogeneous monitoring information. It is also known that empirical averaging (computation of the empirical mean), as the dominant method of mathematical statistics, is becoming a thing of the past, due to moral aging, inconsistency with modern requirements (primarily to measurement results in socio-economic systems); In science meteorology, this method was replaced by the scree plot method (the Hirsch index and other scientometric indicators are estimated on the basis of this method). Despite its enormous potential, the scree plot method, as an alternative to traditional methods of mathematical statistics, is very poorly used in the social and humanitarian fields of knowledge. The authors of this article have shown that this method can be successfully applied in solving various metrological tasks, not only in science (sciencemetry is a branch of science), but also in economics, pedagogy and sociology. In addition, the authors show modifications of the scree plot method, using the example of measuring (measuring) indicators in the economy, sociology and pedagogy; The relationship between the scree plot method and the theory of latent variables (qualimetry) and database technology is grounded. The authors also substantiate that the scree plot method - the basis for the formation of monitoring indicators that adequately reflect the performance of socio-economic systems. The practical significance of the results of this study is that they can be used in socio-economic and psychological-pedagogical monitoring systems (according to modern views, monitoring is an information management mechanism). Methodological basis of the research: system, sociological, competence, probabilitystatistical and qualimetric approaches (leading methodological basis is the probabilistic-statistical approach). Research methods: modeling; Methods of graph theory, sets and relations; Systemic-cognitive analysis; Methods of qualimetry (the theory of latent variables); Methods of mathematical statistics

The article presents brief results of the introduction of Hibiscus syriacus L. varieties for a signs collection in the south of Russia. Since 2007, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture (Krasnodar) has been working on the introduction and researching of Hibiscus Syriacus varieties and signs collection is being formed. Introduced varieties of hibiscus are obtained in zones with a moderate temperature-humidity regime, therefore not all are easily adapted in the conditions of the south of Russia. According to the results of the research, several varieties of sources of valuable traits have been identified. Varieties with pure white petals: Totus Alba, William R. Smith, White Chiffon, White Pillar. Varieties with bright crimson color petals: Freedom, Carneus Plenus, Woodbridge, Duc de Brabant. The Blue Chiffon variety is the source of bright blue petals, Sanchonyo is a source of bright purple-crimson petals. Of great value are varieties that have an unusual combination in the color of petals, like the varieties Monstrosus and Hamabo. By the sign: a large flower (d of a flower more than 12 cm), the collection includes varieties White Chiffon, Chaina Chiffon, Pink Giant. Variety Dorothi Crane and hybrids: T-16-11, T-7-11, K-16-12 are identified as sources of round, wheel-shaped flower. With a double flower type, the varieties are represented by varieties: Blue Chiffon, White Chiffon, China Chiffon, Leopoldii, Speciosus, Lucci, Sanchonyo, Freedom, Carneus Plenus. Varieties: Woodbrige, Russion Violet, Ledy Stenly, White Chiffon, China Chiffon, Purple Pillar are sources of abundant long (more than 3 months) flowering. With a high degree of self-purification after flowering, varieties are distinguished: White Chiffon, Sanchonyo, Purple Pillar, White Pillar, Freedom. Varieties: China Chiffon, Freedom, Lucii, Leopoldii, RussionViolet, hybrid forms: T-16-11, T-18-11, T-21- 12 are characterized by increased adaptability to abiotic factors in south of Russia. Dedicated varieties and forms - sources of valuable economic and biological characteristics are of interest for involving in selection and allow to model varieties with given properties

The presented research is devoted to the development of the import-substituting production technology of the proteins dresser for food from local vegetable resources, in particular, of lupine. Lupine seeds contain about 40% of protein rich in all irreplaceable amino acids. Protein of lupine noticeably differs from protein of soy in inhibitors content, and namely, proteases, that does not cause allergic reactions. The main part of oil composition of oil of lupine is maid up of linolenic, linoleic and olein acids. Use of lupine seeds in production of complex raw structure products will allow to increase the biological value of a proteins component of a traditional type of raw materials of phytogenesis and to reduce the available deficit of protein. It is a will-know fact, that lupine is added to the recipes of buns, fermented milk and cottage cheese products, rich crackers and long cookies. Technologists have recently received a certain concentrate from lupine seeds of high biological value, and a pastelike concentrate of lupine which can be used as a filler in milk, meat, baking and confectionery industries is being under development. The results of the research show that seeds of lupine can be considered as one of the perspective sources of white and competitive ingredient for developing new recipes and technologies of different types of multicomponent food. It is necessary to continue the research on creation of different types of food with use of lupine seeds. Thus, the products received from lupine seeds can be used as raw materials for improvement of quality of food and as additives for creation of compoundings of new types of foodstuff

The article shows the ninth year of research on the remineralization of leached chernozem. In the plants of winter wheat, the content of macro and micronutrients of nutrition under remineralization of leached chernozem was investigated. It is established that when introducing rocks, the content of food elements in plants rises

We have presented opportunities to improve the nutritional value of wine production: improvement of biogenetic soil, using organic fertilizers. The nutritional value is ensured by not only high-quality biochemical diversity of berries, but also the safety of products that do not contain toxic inclusions. Bio-fertilizer stimulates the biotransformation of toxic soil residues to replenish soil nutrients for the plant, providing grape raw material with biologically active substances and improves the nutritional value of wine products. Food safety of grapes is ensured by reducing it residues of hazardous chemicals migrating from the soil into the plant and the grapes. It has been established, that after 3 years of application of biofertilizers we significantly improved food safety and quality in the biochemical parameters, especially important for the classic wine grape varieties. The soil content of toxic residues in grape raw material is reduced to 50%, the amount of organic acids increases by: 4,22 mg/dm3(Gallic, coffee acid, chlorogenic; 0.7 g/cm3 amber; of 1.33 mg/dm3 ascorbic; 0.25 mg/dm3 nicotinic

The use of resource-saving technologies for cultivation of basic crops does not make sense without the use of microelement fertilizers, biologics and growth regulators. All this fully applies to the technology of cultivation of the main bean culture – pea. In the current market conditions of agrochemical products, microfertilizers are presented in a wide range. Identifying the most effective of them at a price and yield increase is a defining task for agricultural producers. In this connection, the purpose of the research was to study the influence of biologics and growth regulators on the development and productivity of peas with the definition of their most effective them. The studies were conducted in 2014-2016 on the fields of the training and demonstration center on the introduction of resource-saving technologies of the IPCC APK VO "DGAU" in Zernograd, Rostov Region. As the studied drugs there were used Rizotorfin, Extrasol, Vigor Fort, Miwal Agro, Flavobacterin, Biogumat Kubansky, KU-8 Agrofon. As a result of the research, it was established that all the preparations studied showed a positive effect on the development of pea plants grade Angela. The yield gain was 0,34-0,56 t/ha in comparison with the control. The most effective are the following ones: Extrasol with a yield increase of 0,56 t / ha (14,6%) and a profitability level of 232%, Mival Agro – 0,54 t/ha (14,1%) and a profitability level of 192%, Biohumat Kuban – 0,55 t/ha (14,3%) and the level of profitability of 271%. A good level of profitability was noted at KU-8 Agrofon – 224%

The article presents results of studying the oenology and the biochemistry of the Cabernet-Sauvignon grapes in different areas of the Krasnodar region - Taman, Anapa, Abrau-Dyurso, Gelendzhik and Krasnodar. The yields, the mechanical composition of the grapes, the biochemical indicators of the juice of berries were compared. The cultivation zone affects the yield, the average mass of the bunch, the number and mass of berries in the bunch, the mass of the crest, but according to the percentage of berries and crest in the bunch, the bunch structure (ratio of mass of berries to mass of the ridge) does not significantly differ between growing zones. The mass of 100 berries and 100 seeds, the weight of seeds in 100 berries, the clustering index (the ratio of pulp with juice to peel) can differ in different places of growth, but with insignificant coefficients of variation. The composition of the bunch as a percentage of the total mass varies little over the growing zones: the ridges make up 5.6- 5.7%, the skin 4.9-5.2%, the seeds 4.8-4.9%, the pulp with the juice - 84.3-84.5%. Structural and berry indicators varied in the range of 5.4-5.5 and 76.84, respectively. Depending on the place of cultivation, the yield of the grape must in laboratory conditions was 75.1-75.7%. Analysis of the structure, composition and the structure of bunches showed that the mechanical composition of Cabernet-Sauvignon refers to the first group of varieties that retain their valuable characteristics when changing the growing conditions. When harvesting, the mass concentration of sugars was 19-19.8%, titrated acidity - 8.1-9.2 g / dm3, pH - 3.3- 3.4. Depending on the place of cultivation of the content of organic acids in the juice of berries was: wine - 4917-5918 mg / dm3, apple - 1926-2763, lemon - 215-416 mg / dm3. In different places of cultivation in% of the total amount of organic acids studied, the content of tartaric acid varied from 61.7 to 71.4%, apple - from 24.7 to 33.3%, lemon - from 3 to 5%. Thus, the content of organic acids in the juice of Cabernet-Sauvignon berries depends on the specific growing conditions. Depending on the growing places, the mass concentration of potassium cations is 2630-3508 mg / dm3, sodium 162-436, magnesium 171-230, calcium 185-255 mg / dm3. However, in most cases, as a percentage of the total cation content, there are no differences depending on the site of growth. Thus, the biochemical parameters of the juice of CabernetSauvignon berries depend on the specific natural conditions of the terrain and, according to these parameters, the variety belongs to the second group of varieties with less plasticity to different growing conditions