There has been developed the design of the single disc centrifugal apparatus with the feed of the granular material along the blades. The scattering disc consists of blades, on the top shelf there is a flat disc with air intake windows (deflector). The purpose of the deflector is to eliminate the reflection of particles at the moment of contact with the blade and create a passing air flow to increase the range of flight of the particles. The analysis of the constructive scheme of the scattering disk showed that the amount of air coming inside the scattering disk is affected by the width of the window and the tilt angle of the deflector body. There was determined the dependence of the window width from the angle of the deflector body and height. Based on the analysis of the design there have been determined the limits of setting the window width and the tilt angle of the deflector body. The angle of the deflector body changes in the rate of 90 to 320 . Increasing the tilt angle of the deflector body leads to a proportional reduction of the window width. There have been set the intervals of variation of factors. There have been chosen the symmetrical composite plan of the second order and have been made a matrix of the experimental design. As a function of the response factor there have been taken a relative accuracy coefficient. The implementation of the experiment allowed us to determine the value of the regression coefficients. The adequacy of the regression equation to the equation obtained was performed by the Fisher test. It was determined that the equation adequately describes the technological process. For the analysis of this equation it was turned to the canonical form by moving the origin to a new point and turning at a certain angle of 14,950. The analysis of the canonical equations allowed the authors to determine the optimal values of the studied factors. The window width of the deflector is 22 - 25 mm, the angle of the body of the deflector is 8 - 120
The article describes the application of
probabilistic models to predict the gross regional
product. We have made a comparative analysis of
various stochastic models implemented in the
software package called StatGraphics 5.0 and
checked the quality of forecasting by the gross
regional product on the example of a notional
region
The power plant being investigated is Novocherkassk
State District Power Plant located in the settlement of
Donskoy, Rostov region. The power object is included
in the list of objects of the fuel and energy complex
subject to categorization and is defined as critically
important. The analyzed site is the "subsidiary farm",
which includes a chemical reagent warehouse and a
site for chemical water purification, where hazardous
substances are treated: sulfuric acid and technical
sodium hydroxide. The analysis of the main causes of
accidents at thermal power stations occurred during
processing, storage and transportation of hazardous
substances, and typical scenarios of possible accidents
at the chemical water treatment plant of thermal power
plants were considered
The article examines the results of studies on the study of changes in the structure of leached chernozem in the low-west agro landscape, depending on the technology of cultivation of field crops. The research task was to determine the effect of basic tillage (dumping plowing, non-loosening loosening and surface treatment) and fertilizer systems (mineral and organic in crop rotation) on the structure (aggregate composition of the soil) of the old irrigated leached chernozem. It was established that the aggregate composition of the arable layer when cultivating tilled crops (sugar beet, soybean and corn) was noticeably inferior to the structure of the treated layer under crops of solid crops (winter wheat, alfalfa). The content of agronomically valuable soil aggregates for roaches varied from 39.8% in corn to 53.4% in soybean. At the same time, the structural coefficient was 0.7-1.1. Cultures of continuous sowing increased the content of agronomically valuable soil aggregates of the arable layer by an average of 12.2%, and the structural coefficient by 0.6. The replacement of plowing with non-loosening loosening and surface treatment in crop rotation showed that in the arable layer of the aggregated soil particles under the tilled crops practically did not change. This figure was 47.3 and 48.5%, while in plowing it occupied an intermediate position - 48.3%. Under the crops of continuous sowing a tendency to increase agronomically valuable aggregates was noted. The mineral fertilizer system fully worked to preserve the structure of the soil when it was used for plowing. The remaining methods of basic processing against the background of the mineral fertilizer system are less effective. According to the arable crops there was a tendency to increase aggregates of 10-0.25 mm in size. Winter wheat (according to its predecessor - corn and alfalfa), alfalfa of different years of life increased the austerity of the arable layer by 9.0%. Organic fertilizers, introduced twice in the rotation, significantly improve the soil structure in the plow layer. The organic system used for tilled crops in comparison with unmanned crops for plowing, non-rooting and surface loosening increased the number of aggregates measuring 10-0.25 mm on average by a rotation of 10.4. Organic fertilizers in the link of the crops of continuous sowing improved the aggregate composition by an average of 4.3%. Optimal organic fertilizers worked against the backdrop of non-loosening loosening
Based on the analysis of the designs of feed mixers for farm animals, the option of using a two-stage mixer is being investigated. The proposed design of the mixer allows you to improve the quality of the feed mixture and reduce energy costs per process. To optimize the mixing workflow, the design parameters of the machine and their influence on the technological process under various working conditions are determined. It has been established that the design of the mixer and the initial physical and mechanical properties of the components of the feed mixture directly affect the most important technological characteristic of the installation, its performance. Therefore, the study aims to optimize the process of mixing feed
One of the promising ways of deep processing of beetroot is the production of sterilized mashed semi-finished product. The quality of the finished product is determined by a complex of factors, among which an important role is played by the varietal characteristics of the raw materials. Research on the technological evaluation of table beet varieties and hybrids for suitability to this method of processing was carried out in 2018 on the basis of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry of the All-Russian Research Institute of of Vegetable Growing, a branch of the Federal State Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Department of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing Technologies Timiryazev. In the course of the research, the following tasks were solved: analysis of the raw materials for the main biochemical quality indicators (the content of dry substances, sugars, betanin, nitrates); laboratory production of sterilized puree semi-finished product and its evaluation by chemical composition and organoleptic characteristics. Based on the biochemical parameters of raw materials, the domestic varieties of single-seeded Russkaya odnosemyannaya (21.5%), Bordovaya VNIIO (20.1%) and Karina (19.8%) were distinguished according to the content of dry substances. According to the sugar content, varieties such as Karina (11.43%), Bordovaya VNIIO (11.19%) and Bordo 237 (11.03%) were distinguished. We have established a significant superiority of domestic varieties over foreign hybrids on the content of betaninand identified characteristic changes in the chemical composition of puree semi-finished product compared with the feedstock - a decrease in the content of dry substances, sugars, nitrates, a significant destruction of betanin. The highest scores on the complex of organoleptic indicators were obtained by samples of mashed semi-finished products made from beet varieties Smuglyanka, Bordo 237, Bordovaya VNIIO and Pablo F1 hybrid. - 21.6 ... 22.9 points on a 25-point scale. They should be recommended for industrial cultivation in the areas of procuring activity of canning enterprises engaged in the production of mashed semi-finished products
The work presents results of the study of Cupressocyparis Leylandii J. and Thuja L. varieties in the conditions of the Kuban zone of horticulture of the Krasnodar region on the main adaptive features: winter hardiness, drought resistance, resistance to common diseases, and decorative features. The aim of the research was to identify the most adaptive and highly decorative varieties of Cupressocyparis and Thuja in the conditions of increasing abiotic and biotic stresses and to form an adaptive and promising assortment of coniferous plants for the conditions of the south Russia's gardening. The results of a complex assessment of 6 introduced varieties Cupressocyparis Leylandii J. and 12 varieties of Thuja L. are presented. The varietal features of adaptability and decorativeness was established in specific growth conditions, which made it possible to identify the most adaptive, combining resistance to temperature stresses (drought-resistant, winter-hardy), major diseases and pests in combination with high decorative indices (architectonics of the crown, color of needles, vitality, decorative period). These are Cupressocyparis Leylandii J. varieties: Leightons Green, Variegata, Gold Rider; and Thuja L. varieties: Degroots Spire, Mini Smaragd, Atrovirens, Dura, Brabant, Can-Can, which showed a high adaptation to the weather and climatic conditions of the southern region in combination with decorativeness, recommended for the extension of the assortment of coniferous plants and creation of garden landscapes in the conditions of the south of Russia
The article presents the new criteria suitable for the
diagnosis of the productivity of research and the
importance of its results for the scientific community, are resistant to artificially "improve". It is known that
generally accepted measure of the productivity of
research scientists is the h-index, which is calculated
based on a statistical method of scree. This indicator is
applicable to research teams (organizations). However,
the h-index and a number of other scientometric
indicators based on citation, are easy to be artificially
increased (fraudulent schemes action). New
scientometric parameters adequately reflecting the
importance of research results, and not amenable (or
very difficult to) to be artificially "improved" are
therefore needed; moreover, it is recognized around
the world: the true score (not fictitious) of the
significance of the results of a research scientist for the
scientific community - is a complex metrological
(scientometric) task. The authors argued that such
indicators are primarily index latitude demand for
research results, as well as a number of other
parameters of copyright. Despite the fact that authors
indicators, the same as the h-index are based on
citation, their large values indicate that the scientific
community recognizes the results of the research
activities of scientific and pedagogical workers;
moreover, these indicators can be considered as a
criterion to identify really promising (productive)
researchers. The problem of adequate assessment of
the productivity of research activities and the
significance of its results, the authors consider in the
context of the problems (larger problems) of the
effectiveness of educational environments. The
practical significance of research results lies in the
possibility of their use for constructing criteriondiagnostic
apparatus for monitoring research activities
of scientific institutions (including higher educational
institutions). Research methodology: systemic, metasystemic,
probabilistic-statistical and qualitative
approaches. Research methods: cognitive, structural,
functional, and mathematical modeling; methods of
graph theory, sets and relations; system-cognitive
analysis; methods of quality control (theory of latent
variables); methods of probability theory and
mathematical statistics (first of all – a method of
scree), methods of analytical geometry; methods of the
mathematical theory of limits
In the article, following the results of the first rotation of crop rotation, we consider results of researches on influence of technologies of cultivation of crops of various degree of intensification in a link of field crop rotation on change of the content in arable layer of the black leached soil of one of the main indicators of fertility of the soil – general humus. Determination of the total humus content in the soil layer 0-20 cm under winter wheat cultivated after sugar beet, corn for grain and sunflower ranged in terms of technology options from 3.02 to 3.72 %. Application of organic fertilizers for sugar beet on the variants of the studied technologies, in order to simulate soil fertility levels, from 200 to 600 t/ha and their intermediate application to this crop with a norm of 30 to 120 t/ha contributed, regardless of the method of basic tillage, to an increase in the humus content in the soil from 3.38 to 3.65 %. In the future, as crops rotate in the link of crop rotation, within five years there was a drop in the total humus content in the arable layer according to the variants of the experiment from 0.09 to 0.21 %. Intensification of technologies, increase of crop productivity in the link of crop rotation contributed to the annual loss of humus by 0.02-0.04%. When applying the same average and high standards of organic fertilizers, humus content in the arable layer did not fall below the initial levels of soil fertility and was 3.25 – 3.44 %. This contributed to the maintenance of the total humus content, and therefore, the preservation of soil fertility compared with options where organic fertilizers were not used. It is established that at cultivation of field crops on technologies with application of the non – oval system of processing of the soil, the content of the General humus in a layer of the soil of 0-20 sm averaged 3,39 %. Application in the technologies of soil plowing reduced humus content in the soil to 3.30%, which was inferior to options with non-oval tillage by 0.09%. With the alternation in the rotation surface of the main processing of the soil under cereals and moldboard tilled under (ie recommended system primary tillage) were lost to 0.012% of humus per year, while in the technologies with annual moldboard with side effects of deep loosening tillage, dehumification was of 0.027% per year. In the process of researches it is established that the cultivation of crops in crop rotation on environmentally acceptable technologies with application of the average rate of organic fertilizers on the background recommended for the Central zone of the Krasnodar region the main processing system contributes more to the preservation of humus in the soil compared to extensive technology (control) to 0.04 % and 0.06 – 0.07 percent when using this technology on the background of moldboard and subsurface tillage treatments of the soil
Availability of selling channels is the key to further
successful development of subjects of small agrarian
farms. Today, the share of large chain retailers continues
to grow, breaking the 25% bar of all retail
sales, and the share of agricultural markets and fairs
reduced by reason of redundancy for the control and
regulation of trade. Recent monitoring revealed that
prices of cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, potatoes, onions,
and beets at agricultural fairs were 15-20%
lower than in stores. So, if to destroy small market
infrastructure, the peasant farm, personal subsidiary
and other small agricultural production, provision of
their products to local farm markets just dies. However,
agricultural markets are waiting for bad changes
– they will be obliged to work only indoor, in
permanent buildings. Agricultural markets, which
can not cope with the implementation of the new
law, will be forced to close, to withdraw from the
market. The authors predict that the closing of small
markets will lead to a rise in price of foods on the
average on 15% and believe the decision of postponing
the implementation of the law to 2010 is correct,
including transferring territorial authorities the right
to carry agricultural markets in capital structures,
allocation to mobile trading in a separate category
with a simplified procedure of regulation, and making
transparent and unified principles of regulation of
non-stationary trade