In various branches of the metalworking industry, the automation of technological processes is based on the use of inertial convertor-equipped positional electrical drives. The author has analyzed an optimum performance diagram for medium movement of executive unit of the inertial convertor-equipped electrical drive with ideal shafting that had been developed before, and has developed an optimum performance diagram for medium movement of executive unit of the inertial convertor-equipped electrical drive with elastic shafting
Long-term storage of fruits can be achieved by means
of their special preparation by pre-treatment before
storage by electromagnetic fields of extremely low
frequency (ELF EMF). In the current study patterns of
influence of ELF EMF pre-treatment of fruits on the
effectiveness of reducing microbial contamination
during storage for the development of effective
technological modes of preparation of fruits before
storage are revealed. Qualitative and quantitative
characteristics of microbial contamination of the fruits’
surface were studied. Effective modes of fruits (apples
and pears) treatment by ELF EMF were established -
for apples: frequency - 22 Hz, current - 10 A for 40
minutes, and for pears: frequency - 26 Hz, current - 5 A
for 50 minutes, allowing to reduce to the maximum
extent the microbial contamination of their surface, and
also to reduce the loss of their weight from microbial
spoilage during storage. The terms of storage of
processed by ELF EMF fruits under refrigeration were
established - for apple varieties Idared and Golden
Delicious - within 8 months, for pear variety
Conference - for 7 months
The main direction of reducing the cost of soil
treatment based on resource-saving technologies is
the transition to surface treatment of soil with disk
tools. Double-row and four-row disc tools are manufactured.
Four-row tools significantly increase
tillage intensity. In the disk tools, the spherical disc
is fixed on the individual pole. Disc headers are
equipped with a rigid adjustment fixing the
standalone pole to the frame. Recommended operating
speed is up to 12 km/h. The advantage of a disc
header over the disc harrow is as follows: winding
plant residues on the axis are excluded. Disc
mulchers are equipped with a spiral bar on which a
spherical disk is mounted. The presence of the elastic
element allows the working unit to do lowfrequency
oscillations during movement. The result
of processing is the formation of mulch in the layer
of soil, which is a mixture of plant residues and soil
particles with a diameter of up to 25 mm. To assess
the effectiveness of the disc mulcher and the disc
header a unit is composed. The initial data for calculation
are as follows: tractor HTZ-150K, the resistivity
of the soil is 6 kN/m, disk tool working
width is 4 m, operating speed of the disc header is
12 km/h, operating speed of the disc mulcher is 15
km/h. Technical and economic performance of these
units is defined during disking the soil. The
choice of energy-saving operating regime was made
in a well-known manner. Theoretical value of slippage
of the leading tractor with disk mulcher was
6%, against 9% with the disc header. Working
speed of the mulcher made up 14.07 km/h against
10,89 of the disc header. The performance of the
unit with the mulcher made up 16.21 hectares, disc
harrow performance is 12,54 ha. Fuel mass flow of
mulcher decreased by 29% and made 9.68 kg/ha.
Using mulcher for surface treatment of the soil allows
to reduce the tillage energy costs thanks to
resource-conserving technologies
In recent decades, Russia has increased the demand for
high oleic sunflower oil and, consequently, for the raw
material from which it is derived – high oleic sunflower
seeds. Currently existing methods of control of mass
fraction of oleic acid in the seed oil of sunflower, have
significant drawbacks, due to which sharply raises the
question of the development of the Express methods of
control of mass fraction of oleic acid. The study presents
the results of determining the mass fraction of oleic acid
in the oil of sunflower seeds, obtained by known
methods (GC and ri), and developed a method based on
NMR. The developed method of determining the mass
fraction of oleic acid in sunflower seed oil has a number
of advantages compared with the known: is not
destructive (does not require the extraction of oil from
seeds), does not require special sample preparation
excludes the use of toxic chemicals, the analysis duration is 5 minutes, ensuring high representativeness of the
sample, and the simplicity and automation of the analysis
process reduces the requirements for qualifications of
laboratory personnel. The developed method of
determining the mass fraction of oleic acid in the oil of
sunflower seeds can be carried out simultaneously with
the determination of oil and moisture content of seeds on
commercially available analyzers, but I hope it 1006М,
which is currently applied at more than 250 companies of
oil and fat industry
Currently, there is increasingly reduced number of the sites convenient for construction. In this regard
there is a question of development of new
territories, for various reasons which were earlier
considered economically unprofitable or unsuitable
for construction. Often, for construction in the
mountain area it is necessary to carry out
construction of objects in landslide territories.
However, landslide processes constitute big health
hazard and lives of people and also safety of
buildings and constructions. The main objective of
engineers when performing design and exploration
work on landslide territories is the determination of
stability of slopes and size of landslide pressure
from soil and also identification of the most
dangerous combination of loadings which can
demand design and construction of a construction
against landslide of landslide protection structures
with significant load-bearing capacity. The research
presented in article allows to define the most
dangerous loads affecting the stability of the slope
and also of the selection of a protective construction
(against landslide). Dependences of change of
landslide pressure and coefficient of stability of a
slope are received from action of various loadings
(both static, and dynamic)
In Nizhny-Volzhsky Agricultural Research Institute
at Dubovskoye strong point, by hybridizing local
varieties with southern varieties, and by using
cultivated hybrids from free pollination, a number of
plum varieties combining winter hardiness with high
fruit quality have been introduced. The varieties
Volgograd, Bogatyrskaya and Vengerka
Korneevskaya are sorted, as well as a number of
other local Volga varieties obtained by
hybridization: Volga Blue, Summer Ternosly,
Autumn Ternon with the most adaptive introduced
varieties. These Volga varieties are donors of winter
hardiness. The environmental conditions of the
Lower Volga region contribute to the development
of adaptive genotypes that combine winter hardiness
with high fetal quality. The use of new varieties of
plums obtained in the Lower Volga region, in
crosses with the best varieties of plum, allows the
creation of industrial varieties of this crop
The article deals with advocacy, organized with the
help of publications by the Bolsheviks in the 20-ies of
XX century in the Kuban. It is noted that the press has
performed as one of the most important and effective
means and played a huge role in the establishment of
Soviet power in the Cossack region. The central
agency of procurement and distribution of print
"Centropechat" at the Central Executive Committee
occupied the distribution of official media. It is stated
that the content of propaganda and agitation conducted
among the civilian population and in the army was
determined, above all, as the military-political
situation that prevailed in the 20-ies. It is shown that
agitation and propaganda carried out by the military
newspapers and magazines in difficult conditions and
post wartime and the specific tasks were set before the
Soviet propaganda organs. The conclusion is that a
flexible system for the implementation of advocacy
was created during this period. She assumed
deepening cooperation and coordination of all the
means of propaganda and agitation, which made the
Soviet propaganda very successful and effective. The
efforts of awareness-raising structures were aimed at
creating political awareness and stimulating social
activity of the population in this difficult time. The
press acted as one of the most powerful tools used by
the authorities to achieve the consolidation and
integration of society that were the most relevant in
the 20ies
The article is dedicated to a numerical investigation of
a plane problem of the oscillation amplitude of a
buried source, depending on the frequency and motion
speed in various isotropic media. Three types of the
medium are considered: a two-layer package with a
rigidly fixed base, a two-layer package with a
mechanically free base, a half-space. The source, in the
form of a stress jump simulating a rigid inclusion of
small dimensions, moves in the interface plane at a
constant speed. Homogeneous boundary value
problems are considered in a moving coordinate
system associated with a source. The solution method
is based on the usage of integral Fourier transforms,
the method of direct contour integration and
algorithms for constructing symbols of Green's
matrices. The method of direct contour integration
significantly simplifies calculations in comparison
with the traditional approaches to the calculation of
Fourier integrals. We have presented calculations of
nine amplitude-frequency and amplitude-velocity
characteristics for different combinations of medium
and source types, that give an exhaustive qualitative
and quantitative description of the solutions for
boundary value problems in a wide range of velocities
and frequencies. Comparative analysis of calculations
showed a primary influence of the type of an elastic
medium on the investigated characteristics, as well as
the large influence of the source type. Which, in turn,
revealed some substantial connections between the
boundary value problems with a moving source and
the corresponding problems with a stationary source
There have been suggested the courses of the machine
technologies refinement in the process of spiked
cereals production. The course of their technical
update was studied in our previous article. There were
analyzed the drawbacks of the modern machine
production of crops and we presented the course of
their elimination due to the technology optimization,
resource and energy preservation, machine
technologies of soil improvement and new innovative
technological solutions. The suggested technology
optimization was designed taking into account
rigorous alternation of crops in the rotation,
optimizing of breeds and crossbreeds, application of
intermediate crops simultaneously with harvesting the
previous crop, introducing progressive methods of
chemical treatment and synchronous tillage. The
resource and energy preservation is based on the
combination of technological operations coinciding
with the tasks in agricultural terms during a single
machinery pass across the field, application of the
mobile power unit (UPU-450), low- and ultralow
capacity spraying, optimization of choice of certain
agrimethods in the process of crop production and the
resource calculation of estimated crop yield. In the set
of soil improvement courses we have studied the
mechanization of the restoration processes of natural
soil formation, defecate introduction, the use of
stubbly remains, compulsory presence of permanent
grasses in crop rotation. New innovative solutions in
the crop production technologies include the
refinement of the mechanization facilities in tillage,
spraying, new methods of crop harvesting
(unwinnowed bread, root tow, cleaning of thrashed
heap after the harvesting, etc). We have analyzed the
ways of mechanization of “organic farming” and seed
treatment with biologic mixtures
Current processes in socio-economic life of our
state make contact to the historical experience
accumulated by Russia for centuries. The rapid
development of the state, modernization of all
spheres of public life at the beginning of XXth
century still interfaced with a mass of adverse
events, balking a dynamic development of the
state. In the Siberian upcountry the situation was
exacerbated by a number of “chronic” issues such
as a high percentage of the exiles among the local
society, the total corruption of the bureaucracy, etc.
The article deals with the socio-economic status of
the Yenisei province in the early twentieth century.
Analysing the state of agriculture and individual
industries, existing in the region, it identifies the
challenges that they faced. The author cites some
quantitative characteristics that reveal the real state
of affairs in such crucial sectors of the economy
such as agriculture, animal husbandry. Moreover,
the article marks issues concerning carrier’s trade
and other specific crafts. As a research source was
taken the information provided by the “Siberian
observer” magazine – the edition, which bore
clearly oppositional character and did not have the
goal to put the best face forward the existing
situation in the region, and consequently – the
actions of the local authorities