The development of the city can go in two ways-extensive and intensive. Intensive involves a qualitative rethinking of the necessary work, optimization and improvement on the basis of existing infrastructure. An extensive method of development is an increase in physical volumes, for example, an increase in territories. At the moment, the transport system of the city of Krasnodar is extremely busy. The city occupies one of the first places in the number of vehicles, roads with such a traffic load cannot cope, resulting in numerous congestion on the roads. In addition, an average of 150 thousand cars enter the city every day, and this creates an additional burden on the transport system. In the morning there is a large influx of cars from the main entrances to the city. And in the evening there is no less strong loading points of entry into the city, as those who arrived in the morning leave the city. Information technology is designed to save our time and effort. At the same time, one of the problems that "eats" time is traffic jams. You can get from one place to another at one time, but subject to traffic jams, this time can increase several times. Why not use technical and software tools to solve this problem!? Now almost everyone has a smartphone, with a satnav loaded into it. There are many variations of these navigators with approximately the same functionality. But what if the satnav in your smartphone not only chose the shortest path for you, but also helped in unloading traffic throughout the city, reducing traffic congestion to a minimum?
The article considers a kinematic analysis of the leaves distribution mechanism in the device for placing the tobacco leaves into container using analytic method. These researches allow defining optimal geometric parameters of this device theoretically
On the example of economic analysis, we have characterized the life cycle of a scientific institution, the history of the formation and development of which covers almost a three-hundred-year period. The article determines features of the methodology for identifying the stages of the life cycle of a scientific organization and identifying factors that determine the stage of the life cycle
The problems of automated control of the technological processes of crop production and the tasks of supporting the adoption of managerial decisions at each stage of the production cycle have become even more urgent in view of the processes of transformation, globalization and digitalization of the economy, which have recently become widespread. The agricultural sector of the economy of the Russian Federation is no exception, because agricultural products, especially crop production, are of strategic importance and are the basis of food security in our country. In this scientific project, the problems of agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar region, in particular, in the field of management processes, its information and software, were investigated. At this stage, it was determined that the measures taken to increase labor productivity at the agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar region and the automation of technological processes in crop production were not complex, therefore, they had a slight effect on the efficiency of the industry. Studying the IT services and software market made it possible to draw a well-founded conclusion that decision-making support processes in crop management, especially issues related to the justified choice of crop cultivation technology, rationalization of a crop rotation system, analysis of a history book of crop rotation fields, calculation of dosages of organic fertilizers for a deficit-free balance of humus, are not covered by the funds of software systems offered on the market. As a result, the demand for industrial analytical systems and, in particular, integrated automation systems for managing crop production processes for agricultural enterprises is forming in the software market. Therefore, the development and implementation of a computer decision support system for managing crop production processes, based on mathematical models for analyzing and evaluating the economic efficiency of crop cultivation technologies, crop rotation rationalization models, data analysis models for crop rotation field history books, models of optimal selection of crop protection products plants and fertilizers has become very relevant. These studies can be considered priority and highly demanded, as they are directly related to one of the fundamental directions of the modern development of agricultural production - the study of the problems of development and implementation of an integrated automated information system for crop management. The article is devoted to the theoretical justification and feasibility of the practical implementation of the software module for accounting and analysis of data from the e-book of the history of crop rotation fields, which is part of the developed automated crop management information system
Rice is a crop with high yields guaranteed by nature itself. In recent years, huge changes have occurred in
the domestic rice cultivation, but despite this, there are still a lot of unsolved relevant problems. One of such problems is the development of high yielding varieties.
The success of breeding largely depends on the
availability of genetically diverse starting material
with a wide response to changing environmental
conditions, its knowledge and proper selection; as well
as the identification of new sources of valuable traits
and properties, among ecologically remote agro-types
that enrich the genetic potential of domestic
varieties. Development of a high-yielding variety is
greatly influenced by economically important traits:
plant height, total and productive tillering, the number
of spikelets and grains in the panicle, grain size,
weight of 1000 grains, etc. In modern biological
science of heredity, there is still the question of the
inheritance of quantitative traits. The study of
inheritance of quantitative traits constituting the main
elements of the yield structure is one of the most
important tasks, the solution of which is necessary to
speed up the breeding process. Inheritance of any trait
is often determined by researchers by the magnitude of
the dominance coefficient
For the effective development of modern industrial gardening, it is necessary to maximize the use of the biological potential of cultivated varieties of fruit crops. In order to identify the most valuable for use in breeding and production of varieties and elite forms of apple regional and foreign selection studied the features of growth and fruiting of apple genotypes. The objects of study are 14 varieties and 2 elite forms of apple. In the work, programs and methods of selection and sorting studies that are generally accepted and developed with the participation of employees of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW were used. According to the results of many years of research, low-growing apple varieties that are promising for breeding and production have been identified: the Golden Crown, Carmen, Favorite Dutovoy, Red Chif, Sunrise, Novella, Talisman, and the elite form 12/2-20-35. Low-growing varieties with a convenient vertical crown are distinguished: Carmen, Favorite Dutovoy, Red Chief. Selected varieties of regional breeding: immune to scab Carmen and highly resistant to scab Favorite Dutovoy, possessing a complex of significant features: fruitful, low growth, with a vertical form of crown as the most valuable for use in breeding and production
The new paradigm of mathematical research methods allows us to give a systematic analysis of various statements of statistical analysis problems and methods for solving them, based on a probabilistic-statistical model of generating data accepted by the researcher. Methods for testing the homogeneity of two independent samples - a classic area of mathematical statistics. For more than 110 years since the publication of the fundamental Student’s article, various criteria have been developed for testing the statistical hypothesis of homogeneity in various statements, and their properties have been studied. However, the need for streamlining the totality of the scientific results found is urgent. It is necessary to analyze the whole variety of problem statements for testing the statistical hypotheses of the homogeneity of two independent samples, as well as the corresponding statistical criteria. This analysis is devoted to this article. It contains a summary of the main results concerning the methods for testing the homogeneity of two independent samples, and a comparative study of them, allowing the system to analyze the diversity of such methods in order to select the most appropriate for processing specific data. Based on the basic probabilistic-statistical model, the main statements of the problem of testing the homogeneity of two independent samples are formulated. A comparative analysis of the Student and Cramer - Welch criteria, designed to test the homogeneity of mathematical expectations, is given, a recommendation on the widespread use of the Cramer - Welch criterion is substantiated. From nonparametric methods for testing homogeneity, the criteria of Wilcoxon, Smirnov, Lehmann - Rosenblatt are considered. Dismantled two myths about the Wilcoxon criteria. Based on the analysis of the publications of the founders, the incorrectness of the term "Kolmogorov – Smirnov criterion" is shown. To verify absolute homogeneity, i.e. coincidence of the distribution functions of samples, it is recommended to use the Lehmann - Rosenblatt criterion. The current problems of the development and application of nonparametric criteria are discussed, including the difference between nominal and real significance levels, making it difficult to compare power of criteria, and the need to take into account coincidences of sample values (from the point of view of the classical theory of mathematical statistics, the probability of coincidences is 0)
The article discusses the need to control the technological parameters of wheat germination. A method of intensification of this process is proposed by pretreatment of grain with ultrasonic effect using the ULTA-0.63 / 22-OL apparatus UZTA-0.63 / 22-OL, Biysk. We have evaluated various modes of ultrasonic processing of the grain and their effect on the germination energy and the total number of nested and sprouted grains. We have also conducted optimization of grain processing conditions during germination. Based on the technological capabilities of the device and the optimal modes of ultrasonic exposure, the following exposure parameters were determined: 340 W and 5 minutes of exposure (soft wheat grain) and 397 W and 6 minutes of exposure (grain of durum wheat). The authors note that the intensification of this process significantly depends on varieties and qualities of wheat grain, since the process is complex and depends on many parameters. The use of ultrasonic treatment allows intensifying the soaking process and reducing the duration of this technological operation up to 6 hours for both samples of grain of soft and durum wheat. At the same time, for the necessary moistening of the grain, a ratio of water and grain for 1: 1 is sufficient, since there were no significant differences in the intensity of grain moistening
The article presents data from 3-year observations of the weather conditions influence on the effectiveness of applied fertilizers in the crops of the Yantar variety of coriander on leached black soil (chernozem) under the conditions of land use at the training and experimental station of the Stavropol State Agrarian University. The materials presented in the article indicate that the agrometeorological conditions of 2016 and 2017 as a whole were most favorable for the formation of a coriander crop. As studies have shown, the amount of precipitation during the spring-summer period of the growing season of the crop was 337 mm, which is 11% higher than the long-term average. The year 2018 in terms of climatic indicators turned out to be significantly worse than the previous two years, the amount of precipitation during the coriander vegetation period turned out to be 125 mm or 58% lower than the long-term average, which significantly affected the crop yield this year. In the most optimal agroclimatic indicators in 2016, the maximum increase in crop productivity was noted on the N60P60K60 variant - 0.49 t / ha, on the same option in moistened 2017, the increase level was 0.39 t / ha. Last year2018 was marked as extremely arid, the maximum increase in coriander yield was noted on the option with P60 and amounted to 0.35 t / ha. It was established that the maximum increase in the yield of coriander oil seeds on average in the experiment on leached chernozem was achieved with the options: P60 is 0.37 t / ha, N60P60 is 0.41 t / ha, N60P60K60 is 0.34 t / ha, which significantly higher than other fertilized experience options. The economic efficiency of the coriander seeds production, depending on the types and combinations of minerals, turned out to be most effective when applying a single mineral fertilizer, P60, compared with other options for experience, an increase in profit to 17500 rubles and the level of profitability of production by 23%
The cost-effectiveness of animal husbandry in the conditions of Yakutia causes irreparable damage to viral diseases, such as salmonellosis, viral hepatitis, parvovirus enteritis and others. Based on this, in animal husbandry, increased attention is paid to the prevention of viral diseases. The work was carried out in the period from 2009 to 2012. in the conditions of LLC "Pokrovskoye animal husbandry" of the Khangalassky ulus of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Boning of young animals showed that all his indicators were higher for pups born in 2011. So body size and physique are rated higher by 15.15%, in males - by 20.58%. Hair color was better in females by 19.44%, in males by 22.66%. As a result, the classiness of the animals of the experimental groups was higher than that of pups born in 2010. The commodity properties of the animal products of experimental animals and its cost are consistent with the results of the valuation. The offset on the quality of the fur products of the experimental groups in 2011 was determined at 89.02%, which is higher than the 2010 results by 10.32%. The average cost of one fur of a silver-black fox in 2011 was 2225.62 rubles. Additional vaccination of the main herd of foxes in autumn against the viral diseases with the vaccine "Multikan-6" has a positive effect on the quality of the fur products. The economic effect amounted to 258.62 rubles per 1 skin of a silver-black fox (at 2020 prices)