The article presents the results of the qualitative
assessment of meat of crossbred rams. The analysis of
the data shows that crossbred rams of 2, 3 and 4
groups increased the absolute mass of muscle tissue
compared with purebred 12.3; of 18.2 and 25.6%,
respectively. Fine-wooled rams were superior in the
relative content of bone in carcasses of crossbred 1.1-
4.2 percent. Output of pulp for 1 kg of bones had the
advantage of crossbred rams 2, 3 and 4 groups
compared with purebred 0.12; 0.24 percent and 0.44
kg respectively. The analysis of the data shows that in
carcasses of young animals of all the groups the
greatest specific weight took cuts of the 1st sort.
Nevertheless, the valuable parts to carcass weight
balance was higher in the carcasses of the crossbred
calves. So, rams 2, 3 and 4 groups, this advantage was
1.9; 4.5 and 4.7%, respectively. Thus, the analysis of a
complex of indicators characterizing the quality of
meat rams of different genotypes revealed that the
superiority for the studied indices took place for two -
and three-bred animals. These options of both simple
and complex industrial crossing are promising and can
be implemented and used in the farms of Merino and
crossbred sheep
The article reviews four variants of laying nurseries of
primary branches of seed production of long-grained
rice varieties of the Kuban breeding taking into
account their biological features, plots area ranges
from 0,7 m2
to 1,1 m2
, seeding rate for one family –
from 100 pcs./m 2 to 170 pcs./m2 . We have studied
traits of long-grained rice varieties of the Kuban
breeding - Ivushka, Avstral, Kurazh, affecting the
yield and quality of seeds: yield, multiplication factor
and fractional composition of seeds depending on
laying multiplication nursery of first year progeny.
The differences between varieties by the type of
tillering, vigor, germination of seeds depending on
planting system are shown. Optimal way for laying
seed nurseries is found: for long-grained varieties with
medium tillering (Kurazh type) – row length – 3,3 m
and seeding rate – 120 caryopses/m2
; for those with
intensive tillering (Ivushka type) – row length – 3,8 m
and seeding rate - 120 caryopses/m2
. This will allow
using mechanical method of sowing using selective
cassette seeding-machine in the primary seed
production, reducing cost of seed production and
increasing efficiency of labor, increasing volume of
seed production of long-grained rice varieties in short
terms and accelerating their implementation in the
Kuban region for import substitution
One of the most destabilizing factors of crop production is weed infestation of crops. Despite annual herbicide treatment, weed infestation of crops of winter wheat remains high, with a predominance of annual dicotyledonous weed with a higher proportion of drug resistant on the basis of 2,4-D. We also notice increased range and density of perennial dicotyledonous weeds. New combinational herbicide called Cayenne, manufactured by LLC "Agro Expert group", which in its composition contains two active substances: thifensulfuron-methyl (500 g/l) and florasulam (170 g/l), highly inhibits both annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds. According to the working program of the registrant's company we have tested Cayenne on crops of winter wheat in spring in the tillering phase and the formation of the second internode. It is shown that its use in doses of 0.025 and 0.035 kg/ha in mixture with 200 ml/ha of surfactant-Bit 90, W provides effective suppression of annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds (90 – 100 %). The negative effect on the culture was not observed. At the same time, within 2-3 days after herbicide application we observed cessation of growth, chlorosis, dieback of growing points of weeds. Complete death was observed after 15 – 20 days
The article presents a study of acclimatization characteristics and the effectiveness in the use of Holstein black-and-white cattle imported from Germany, Denmark and the USA under the conditions of the Central Non-Black Soil Area of Russia. The analysis shows that the imported animals are exposed to a number of stress factors that often cause the diseases and serious losses of cattle. The main reasons for the losses of heifers were the pathologies of the reproductive organs and the mammary gland (26,3%), locomotor system and distal extremities (15%), respiratory organs (21,2%), etc. The highest-producing dairy cows were those imported from the USA (9158 kg of milk throughout the first lactation). For the yield of milk, they are superior to animals imported from Germany in 1828 kg (P≥0,999) and those imported from Denmark in 1184 kg (P≥0,999). The average American Holsteins’ milk over a 305-day lactation is higher in fat (4,14%) than that of their German (in 0,28%) and Danish (in 0,21%) counterparts (P≥0,999). The same tendency is observed in the protein content in the milk
Ragweed plant became quarantine malware on the
territory of Southern Russia. In the Krasnodar region it
has been extended to the territory of more than 4.62
million hectares. In the areas of its growth, it causes
great damage to agriculture. By developing a strong
root system and aboveground, it inhibits the row crops,
especially sunflower. Another problem with this weed
is producing large amounts of pollen that causes
allergic reactions in the majority of residents of the
province. This article discusses the importance of
using modern methods of ragweed oppression,
including chemical and biological methods in
sunflower crops
The created hybrids with new lines and testers
were studied in 2014-2015, in the conditions of
the central zone of the Krasnodar region and the
Central Black Earth Region (Voronezh and
Belgorod regions). As a parent forms for
selection of early ripening and Medium early
corn hybrids there were used lines of various
groups of ripeness of the ident heterosis group:
Kr 714 Kr 740 Kr 757 Kr 651 Kr and 602. All of
these lines had high combining ability, and the
line 602 Cr was used as a donor for a quick return
of moisture from the grain when ripening. With
the participation of the lines from the collection
of the Institute and the donor line, we have
created four hybrid combinations on the basis of
which, the selection was received by the five-year
selection of new source material for breeding new
hybrids of corn. The assessment of comutiny
capacity of new lines was performed using a linetesters
of the genetic institute collections of
721MV Cr, Cr 801MV, Kr 654 Kr 244MV, Cr
602MV, Kr and Kr 802MV 752. Lines testers
were represented by a heterosis group of
Lancaster, Stiff Stalk Synthetic and wide lines
with a genetic basis. According to the guidelines
of the State strain testing of crops, and as a result
of the field experiment, we have calculated the
energy savings for new early maturing corn
hybrids in comparison with the standard ones.
Saving energy for equivalent fuel from new
hybrids of corn comparing to the standard for 1
ha of crop was due to their grain productivity and
varied depending on the conditions of the
Voronezh region from 81.4 to 101.5 kg, in the
Krasnodar region it was 79,0-97,9 kg
The article describes the results of studies on elemental composition of corn grain under various fertilizer treatments. The balanced application of fertilizers is an important factor in optimizing corn nutrition on ordinary black soils and obtaining ecologically safe
and clean crop production
This article notes that agricultural production is not a self-regulating system. The article highlights specific features of agricultural production and forms of ownership of the major productive resource – land, ineffective policies of promoting development and introduction of innovative technologies. It is noted that the system of measures and tools of state regulation of agricultural production have two directions of influence: governmental regulation of the agricultural market mechanism and industrial governmental support for manufacturers. The authors give classification of methods and instruments of state regulation, liberalization of the agricultural sector in the WTO, levels of aggregate support for agriculture; as well as identifies the key growth areas of the governmental support and discusses the basic institutions of governmental regulation: ownership, legal Institute of economic management and the Institute of organization management. It's pointed out that the current dynamics of the development of agricultural production in our country is determined by four major external factors: the Institute of Western sanctions imposed against our country, Russia's integration into the international market by joining the World Trade Organization, the functioning of the Single Economic Space within the Customs Union, and the necessity of solving problems of import substitution and food security of our country. Implementation of these methods requires significant institutional transformation and transition into the new levels of legal, commercial, and economic regulation with observance of equitable international cooperation. In conclusion, the authors discuss an insufficient level of development stimulation in domestic agriculture
The article deals with a combination of different methods
of cultivation of winter barley on the background
of plowing, and their impact on growth, development
and crop yield. The main technological factors allowing
implementing the biological potential of culture are
adaptive variety, quality seeds, predecessors, sowing
and harvesting, fertilizer, soil fertility, crop care, including
protection from weeds, pests and diseases.
Barley is the culture of versatile use, which is grown
for food and feed purposes. Intensification of cultivation
methods of this phenomenon is essential and significantly
affects the grain yield of this crop. Under the
natural fertility of the soil and favorable weather conditions
for black earth of Kuban it is possible to get
3,0-3,5 tons per hectare of winter crops of grain, and
this requires the creation of an optimal diet, because
one of the main factors affecting the productivity of
field crops, including one phenomenon are fertilizers.
In addition, the level of soil fertility and protection
system of weeds, pests and diseases has great importance.
Since these types of issues are relevant for
agriculture, we have carried out studies to identify the
optimal combination of different methods on growth,
development and productivity of a single phenomenon
Results of researches on studying of various doses of
mineral fertilizers on efficiency of hybrids of sunflower
Vulcan, the Arena, the Brio and the Signal are given
in article. Researches showed that depending on formation
of biological mass of sunflower reserves of
productive moisture decreased that was a major factor
in productivity formation