The article is devoted to the estimation of the
dependence of perennial grass herbage’s productivity
on the dose and distribution of nitrogen fertilizers
during the vegetation, as well as from the dynamics of
the species composition by years of use. It was
revealed that for cocksfoot-timothy grass mixture an
increase in the rate of nitrogen fertilizer for every 10
kg of active ingredient leads to an increase of yield by
0.27 tons/ha. The selection of components of grass
mixtures and rational fertilizer doses forms the herbage
which provides a yield of about 7,0-12,0 tons/ha of dry
mass and 58,1-99,6 GJ of energy exchange. It is
established that competitive relations in grass mixtures
are exacerbated with increasing doses of fertilizers.
The timothy grass develops successfully in a mixture
with the cocksfoot with a low level of mineral nutrition
(N80). A high level of mineral nutrition speeds up the
formation of single-species herbage - the cocksfoot.
Meadow fescue grass provides sustainable yields on
medium and high backgrounds of mineral fertilizers in
combination with the cocksfoot. Recommendations for
a nitrogen dose of more than 200 kg per hectare for
fertilizing mixed grass crops with the cocksfoot and
about 100 kg per hectare for clover-cereals mixtures
without cocksfoot are suggested
The results of studies on the influence of different backgrounds and agrochemical pre-sowing treatment with bishofit on the growth and development of sain-foin sand, winter hardiness and productivity of crops under irrigation on light chestnut soils of the Volga-Don interfluve are submitted
In the conditions of grey forest soils in the Bryansk
region among the fodder crops widespread mixed legume-cereal
crops. The results showed that the photosynthetic
activity of cereals and leguminous crops and
their yields in mixed crops depended on made of biological
and mineral nitrogen fertilizers. It is established
that the nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate has
a positive impact on the formation of assimilating leaf
surface, photosynthetic potential and net productivity
and yield of grain mixture in lupine-barley and soybean
-barley cropping and pea-barley crops the use of
nitrogen in the form of potassium nitrate was more
favorable. It was found that in lupine-barley crops the
active symbiotic potential has increased by 25,5% and
the yield increased by 21,3% , in soybean-barley crops
28,5% and 19,2% respectively, due to the joint use of a
mixture of symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria and
mineral nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate in
the dose of N60. In pea-barley agrocenosis it has improved
the efficiency of cultivation of joint application
of mixed inoculant symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria
on the background of the application of mineral
nitrogen in the form of potassium nitrate in the dose of
N60, where there was an increase of the active symbiotic
potential by 34,7% and grain yield by 24,7% compared
to the option when adding the mixture of biological
products
The article gives a brief summary on the results of the
introduction of rose varieties of climbing type in the
central sub-zone of the Krasnodar region. Starting
from the year 2000 in our institute a collection of roses
from different garden groups, which includes 164
varieties, has been formed. Presently the rose varieties
with long stems (from 2.5 m or more) are popular
among specialists of landscape industry and floristlovers.
Therefore we carry on introductions and study
rose varieties of the groups of Rambler and LargeFlowered
Climber. Rose varieties with valuable
decorative signs, with enhanceable resistance to cold
and drought-resistingness are selected. The valuable
varieties and sources of the indicated signs are
identified. Varieties of Albertine, American Pillar,
Devichiy grezy are the sources of bright flower color;
Bobbie James, Dorothy Perkins, Duc de Constantine -
sources of long (more than 4 meters) of flexible
shoots Warthburg - the source of early flowering.
Variety New Daun - one of the few varieties of
Rambler, which is characterized by re-bloom
throughout the growing season in the conditions of the
Krasnodar region. The indicative collection of several
rose varieties includes the group of Large-Flowered
Climber. A variety called Adzhimushkay is a source of
large fragrant flowers of bright and early flowering.
For the variety of Crimskiy Motive we noted the
presence of a valuable feature - long flowering during
the dry season (July-August). Flammentanz was
included into the collection as one of the most winter
resistant varieties of large-flowered. Promising
varieties of the series of Super Rambler in the
conditions of Krasnodar in the dry season formed short
shoots, and flowers were not formed. Rose varieties
included into the collection can be considered
indicative of "anchor" genotypes, which are valuable
for involvement into the selection process
Side products obtained during processing of many oil
crops, have a high feed value and use in rations of
animals and birds. The important thing in feeding
poultry is protein nutritional value of forages and
their biological integrity, expressed in amino acid
composition. In this regard, there was a comparative
analysis of the chemical and amino acid composition
traditionally used in compound feeds for poultry,
sunflower cake, and previously unexamined mustard
protein-containing feed concentrate called "Gorlinka".
During the research, it was found that the studied new
feed additive is better comparing to sunflower meal,
considering protein content and essential amino acids
Introduction of new elements of fruit cultivation
technology into production is one of the elements
of intensification of the branch. The problem of
providing plants with moisture is the key in
modern technology. The purpose of the research
is a development and manufacturing of
innovative methods of water supply of modern
fruit plantations. Researches were conducted in
two fruiting zones of the Krasnodar region
(Northern and Kuban) with the aim of
assessment of influence of different ways of
water supply on the growth and productivity of
apple-tree varieties: Idared and Gala Schniga
grafted on the stock М9 and planted in 2012 due
to the scheme 3,5x0,8 m. There was determined
that the application of the absorbent Aqua Life
and absorbents with the addition of
recommended elements (Ecogel-1; Ecogel-2)
increase the acclimation rate of seedlings on 2-
6%. The presence of proper conducting system to
supply with the moisture and nutrients the
overhead part (roots-leaves) and a large number
of photosynthezing apparatus promoted to obtain
the high-quality fruit productivity, accumulation
of phytomass and increase of fruit quality.
We have found, that complexes of
hydroabsorbents on the basis “Aqua Life”,
“Ecogel-1” and “Ecogel-2” in conditions of
Kuban in fruiting apple-tree plantations on dwarf
stocks showed the high effectiveness on water
supply, for the first time
In Nizhny-Volzhsky Agricultural Research Institute
at Dubovskoye strong point, by hybridizing local
varieties with southern varieties, and by using
cultivated hybrids from free pollination, a number of
plum varieties combining winter hardiness with high
fruit quality have been introduced. The varieties
Volgograd, Bogatyrskaya and Vengerka
Korneevskaya are sorted, as well as a number of
other local Volga varieties obtained by
hybridization: Volga Blue, Summer Ternosly,
Autumn Ternon with the most adaptive introduced
varieties. These Volga varieties are donors of winter
hardiness. The environmental conditions of the
Lower Volga region contribute to the development
of adaptive genotypes that combine winter hardiness
with high fetal quality. The use of new varieties of
plums obtained in the Lower Volga region, in
crosses with the best varieties of plum, allows the
creation of industrial varieties of this crop
The article deals with the issue of improving the
profitability of sheep breeding by using improved
mutant genotypes in the breeding system. The results
of studies of the main indicators of economic-useful
traits are given, the dynamics of growth, level and
quality of wool productivity of sheep of improved
genotypes obtained on the basis of such breeds as
Soviet merino and Stavropolskaya, as well as firstgeneration
daughters cultivated in themselves are
estimated. It was found that at birth, the live weight in
the groups of the 3 group (the breeding of half-blooded
hybrids "in oneself") was higher than that of the
females from the 1 and 2 groups, respectively, by 0.50
kg, or 13.1%, and by 0.20 kg or 5.2% (P> 0.95). At a
more senior age, the young, having a large live mass at
birth, retained its rank position. The highest indicator
of the cutting of physical wool was observed in animals
of the 2 group, obtained as a result of the use of sheepproducers
of Stavropolskaya breed on sheep of the
Soviet merino. The parameters of the 1 and 3 group
were lower by 0.6 kg - 12.3% and 0.17 kg - 3.5% (P>
0.95), respectively. The conclusion is made that the use
of sheep-producers of the Stavropolskaya breed on the
uterus of the Soviet merinos breed had a positive effect
on the wool productivity and the live weight of the
hybrid offspring. Further breeding of half-blooded
hybrids “in oneself” showed the possibility of
reproducing improved genotypes without losing the
acquired qualities
The article presents the results of studies of 92
indigenous varieties and 15 wild genotypes by 24
microsatellite markers. As a result a locus database about
germplasm in the collection stored at the Russian
ampelographical collection AZOSViV (Anapa Zone
Experimental Station of Viticulture and winemaking)
was created. During the research of varietal breeding
populations confirmed the validity in the production of
the cultivar of Krasnostop anapsky with obvious changes
in microsatellite sequences as a clone of famous indigenous
Don cultivar Krasnostop Zolotovskii. This clone
was selected in 1953 by prominent agrotechnologist
Zotkin Ivan Ivanovich which is propagated by the
author and his followers, and after a formal registration
submitted to state testing in 2007 in GSK RF, zoned in
the North Caucasus region (number 6) in 2014 year. Sort
-clone Krasnostop anapsky only in the Kuban today
cultivating in 35 hectares. By using molecular genetic
techniques, now clonal selection of vine grapes is reasonably
improving. Recent data collected by us in the
work process, were analyzed a comprehensive manner,
making it possible to draw conclusions about distinctness
of grape varieties. Some clones were studied by DNA
primers, based on retrotransposon sequences
The study was carried out during 2010-2015 years in the
All-Russian research Institute of Grain Crops named
after I.G. Kalinenko (the laboratory of the cultivation
technology of plowing crops), situated in the southern
soil-climatic zone of the Rostov region, which is characterized
with the unstable and insufficient humidity. The
trials were conducted on the heavy loamy, calcareous
chernozem obyknovenny (natural blacksoil). The object
of the study was the grain sorghum variety ‘Zernogradskoe
53’, approved to use in the Rostov region. The agroclimatic
conditions during the years significantly differed
during the vegetation in the amount of precipitations
(from 110.2 mm in 2010 to 200.2 mm in 2013) and
in the temperature regime (from 2512.9 0С in 2010 to
2788.8 ºС in 2015), that allowed evaluating the grain
sorghum productivity more objectively. The article gives
the study results of the effect of the weather conditions
on the duration of vegetation, productivity and grain
quality (content of protein, oil, ash and fiber). The article
showed the estimated interconnection among the sum of
active temperatures, precipitations and hydrothermal
coefficient during the sorghum vegetation with the principal
economic-valuable traits of grain sorghum. The
sum of active temperatures showed the greatest effect on
the duration of the vegetation (r=0.89); the sum of precipitations
during the vegetation had the greatest effect
on the productivity (r=0.80). There was determined the
strongest positive correlation of the sum of active temperatures
with the content of protein in the grain sorghum
kernels (r=0.80) and the average negative correlation
with the content of oil (r=-0.69). The sums of active
temperatures and precipitations, when the grain sorghum
gives the largest productivity, were established