We have studied survival and regeneration rate of raspberries and blackberries buds when introducing into cultivation in vitro during October. The rate was significantly higher for buds taken in October than that for ones taken in February. At the first stage of
micropropagation, for the most of studied varieties of raspberries, cultivation on nutrient medium contained BAP (0.5 mg/l) and GA (0.2 mg/l) was most successful; for blackberries, increasing concentration of hormones (BAP to 1.0 mg/l and GA to 0.5 mg/l) was better
The article presents three-year data on the influence of different fertilization systems and predecessors (corn for silage and peas) of winter wheat in the rotation on the dynamics of content in the 0-20 cm layer of black leached soil of mineral nitrogen, of available phosphorus, of potassium, and yield of winter wheat. The materials presented in this article indicate that, regardless of its predecessor in all phases of plant development, the under study fertilizer systems significantly increased the content of mineral nitrogen on the indicators of natural agrochemical background on 1,1-29,3 mg/kg; maximum contents was registered in the settlement system of fertilizer. After a seeded fallow predecessor the fertilizer systems significantly increased the content of available phosphorus in the soil at 1,5-16,6 mg/kg and exchangeable potassium in the 6-57 mg/kg. The maximum indices of both indicators were observed in the settlement system of fertilizer. Analyzed fertilizer systems contributed to a significant increase in wheat yield relatively to control 0,82-2,24 t/ha on a busy couple 0,74-1,6 t/ha for maize silage, 1,44-2,42 t/ha peas. Maximum productivity of winter wheat in the experiment was fixed at the fertilizer system after a busy couple, and was 6,19 t/ha
There are given the results of long-term research of different forms of soil nitrogen content and their relationships with the content of total nitrogen in leaves and yield. It was detected a strong positive correlation among them hydrolyzable nitrogen content in the soil and total nitrogen content in the leaves and yield. It is proposed the use of this index for diagnostic of soil nitrogen supply
Development of confectionery sunflower openpollinated
varieties (OP-varieties) is a prospect
direction in sunflower breeding. High price level
for confectionery sunflower seeds pushes forward
the breeding program. Contrary, it is necessary to
offer product, meeting consumer’s expectation for
large seeds, good dehulling rate, proper oil and
husk content. The aim of our work is to study
morphometric peculiarities of seed structure for
sunflower OP-varieties of different types – oil and
confectionery, and to identify the best samples for
using in the breeding program as an initial material.
The study was done at All-Russia Oil Crops
Research Institute (VNIIMK) named by V.S.
Pustovoit (Krasnodar) in 2014 and 2015. Seeds of
6 OP sunflower varieties of VNIIMK breeding
were used as a material (confectionery type –
Dzhinn, SPK, Lakomka, Oreshek, Borodinskiy and
oil-type – Muster). OP-varieties were sown by
randomized blocks with 3 replications. Every plot
had 4 rows. It was shown that seeds of
confectionery sunflower OP-varieties had higher
values of main traits (length, width and thickness)
in comparison with oil-type sunflower. Seed traits
analyses allowed identifying the best confectionery
samples (Dzhinn and Oreshek) for future breeding
To study the effect of pumpkin flour on the
physical and chemical parameters of semi-finished
and finished products, 10, 15, 20 % of the weight
of wheat flour in the dough was incorporated to the
dough mass. As a result of the research and the
analysis of wafers with different PF dosages, the
dosage of 15 % pumpkin seed flour from the wheat
flour mass in the dough was accepted as the
optimum one. After selecting the optimum dosage,
the experiment on identifying the dependence of
dough viscosity on the shear rate was carried out.
The samples were taken without adding PF into
dough and with adding PF for 15% from the
weight of the flour in the dough. The results
showed that the viscosity of the control dough
sample was higher than that with 15% of flour
from pumpkin seeds. This is due to the general
decrease of the amount of swellable proteins in the
dough due to the incorporation of PF. Thus, we can
conclude that the introduction of the investigated
additive into the wafer dough does not obstruct
dosing the semifinished product into the wafer
moulds. The analysis of the obtained data as a
result of the research work has shown that
incorporating pumpkin seeds flour into the recipe
of wafers is expedient both in terms of enriching
the product with proteins, fats and biologically
active substances and in terms of improving the
process in the production
In the article we have developed and studied feed additives in broiler diets based on natural montmorillonite varieties. Biological effect of Ekobentokorm additives due to their mineral composition and adsorption properties because of the big nano-pores and vitamin-mineral adsorption feed additive (WMACD), additionally, the effect has been included in its composition of biologically active substances. Effect of use of Ekobentokorm sorbent additives in feed for broilers and vitamin-mineral adsorption feed additives (WMACD) contributed to the increase of meat productivity, preservation of poultry, eating and feed conversion, the improving the carcasses
The article presents the material of forecasting for grape
yield of next year and establishing the optimal loading if
cutting of bushes. The material includes 14 varieties of
grapes, 11 of them are technical and 3 are table ones. For
each year of stable high yield of grapes, it is necessary to
pre-set the optimum length of fruit cutting of shoots and
optimum load on the bush healthy eyes. To do this for
each variety on the eve of trimming bushes we perform
optimum productivity analysis of wintering buds of fruit
along the length of shoots, i.e. we implement forecasting
of grape yield for next year. We have a plan of forecasting
for yields of vineyards by microscopy of wintering
buds on one-year shoots of fruit ripened grapes in order
to establish the potential of embryonic establishment of
inflorescences in the central holes of buds. Based on the
analysis of buds, the indices were calculated for wintering
fruiting buds and their degree of damage during the
growing season. It was revealed, that the majority of
grape varieties under study shows high tab embryonic
inflorescences in central buds in overwintering buds for
next year yield. Higher rates at a rate of fruiting buds
were wintering in the varieties: Moldova (section 27). -
1.66; Bianca (section 6). - 1.83; Kunlean (section 15). -
1.71; Merlot (section 14). - 1.64; Saperavi (section 56). -
1.76. The lowest rates of fructification - the varieties
Muscat Hamburg (section 21) and Augustine (section
11) and were respectively 1.20 and 1.24. As a planned
productivity, we offered the optimal loading model of
cutting bushes buds. As a result of productivity analyzes
of buds along the length of the fruit shoots in 2016 we
recommended to carry out pruning of fruit annual shoots
3-4 buds of the form of AZOS-1 and the form of cordon
- 5-6 buds
In the article, results of researches are presented, according to placing of root system of trees of Russian plum Globe on various cloned rootstocks in soil. It is revealed that the most powerfully branched out and deeply getting root system is formed on root of a plant, and also on stocks of Evrica 99 and Kuban 86
In recent years, due to the increasing aridity there was
an increase in the frequency of epiphytoties leaf disease
of barley. Therefore, we can see now how greatly
increased the need for the creation of resistant grades.
Introduction of the selection marker will significantly
speed up the breeding process for resistance to
pathogens. Employees of the All-Russian Institute of
Plant Protection recommended three genes - Rpt 1b,
Rpt 5, Rpt 6 to control the resistance to the pathogen
Pyrenophora teres for use in breeding programs in the
North Caucasus. Rpt 5 gene is one of the most efficient
one, because it determines the resistance to the eight
isolates of the fungus Pyrenophora teres of different
origin. In 2011, Australian scientists have discovered
microsatellite markers called Bmag0173 and HVM74,
closely linked to the gene Rpt5, which are used very
effectively in order to marker-assisted selection of
resistant grades in Australia and Canada. Due to the
urgency of creating new genotypes carrying resistance
genes to net blotch, that would be effective in the
Southern Federal Region, the staff of All-Russian
Scientific-research institute of Grain Crops after I.G.
Kalinenko and the All-Russian Research Institute of
Plant after N.I. Vavilov has developed a practical
strategy for the use of molecular techniques to create
barley grades resistant to this pathogen, which is being
successfully implemented
The purpose of the research is to assess the ability of reclamation plantations of walnut and black nut on the accumulation of heavy metals in their phytomass – leaves, shoots, and fruit. The studies were conducted in the Rostov region, the Krasnodar and the Stavropol regions. In the samples of vegetative aboveground and soil (under the canopy nuts) we have defined qualitative content of total forms of heavy metals of Cu, Ni, Co, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cr. This ability is the accumulation of heavy metals in leaves, shoots and fruit that fall from the atmosphere. Later, the bulk forms of these metals with the annual litter come to litter, and then – into the soil