Nowadays, domestic pig production is dynamically
changing in technological and selection terms and is
one of the most effective sectors. In the current
conditions of pig breeding in intensive technology, the
requirements to the level and direction of pig
production, the rational use of genetic resources are
increasing. The development of effective methods for
the production of pork on the basis of the wide use of
highly productive breeds and types of both imported
and domestic selection allows to obtain the maximum
possible productivity of animals, to produce pork of
good quality, to reduce the cost of production and to
fully realize the genetic potential of animals. Genetic
and selection techniques have significantly changed
the physiological, morphological and productive
capabilities of modern animals. In connection with
this, the actual for the pig industry is the identification
of opportunities to increase the duration of the use of
pigs, and the inclusion of new indicators in breeding
work when creating specialized maternal lines. The
research was carried out on the electronic database
(KP ACC, OOO "Selikom", Ryazan), the breeding
center "Lozovoye" ZAO "Plemzavod-Yubileyniy" of
the Tyumen region. The center is engaged in
thoroughbred breeding and improvement of four pigs:
large white, landrace, pietren, duroc
The article presents the results of the researches on the
study of the different systems of basic treatment of soil
under sunflower’s density, aggregate composition, supplies
of productive moisture on regular black soil of the
Krasnodar region
The article presents the analysis of variation of daily
mean temperatures for the period 1977-2015. Clear
tendency for their increasing in pre-sowing and
especially in growing period is found. Heat supply of
separate months in pre-sowing period increased in the
row: April-February-January-December-March, and
that of growing period – in a row: May-Juny-JulySeptember-August.
Presence of slight correlation
(from -0,256 to 0,268) of temperatures in winter-spring
months with heat supply of coming spring summer
months is found. It is shown that correlation of rice
yield with temperatures of pre-sowing (DecemberApril)
and growing (May-September) periods varies
from weak to average (from 0,016 to 0,524) with a
tendency to increasing from winter months to summer
ones. Use of analog method made it possible to
estimate roughly the nature of t upcoming growing
season of rice in the current 2016: after the abnormally
warm winter one should expect the value of heat
supply of summer months to be close to normal. In the
physiological sense, such distribution of summer
temperatures is favorable for rice. Use of one of the
most effective forecast methods – smoothing the time
series (method of «moving decades») – made it
possible to evaluate medium-term rhythms of heat
supply of rice growing season and yields. It was found
that after an abnormally high level of heat supply of
the growing season, marked during last decade, we
should expect a decrease in spring and summer
temperatures - the next attack of the "cold" cycle. If
this hypothesis is confirmed, then up to 2020, and later
a natural tendency for decrease in rice yields, arising
from the adverse factors of temperature, will continue
which should also affect the economic efficiency of
the industry as a whole
The optimal rations have been found. We have
conducted a research on the assessment of meat
productivity, biochemical blood tests. The chemical
composition of blood and meat has been found. We
have empirically chosen a content area for both chicks
and adults of black African ostriches. The article
shows a selection of optimal rations for feeding of
ostriches; we have also determined the live weight of
ostriches in groups, keeping the chicks safe in groups,
hematological studies of ostriches blood, the chemical
composition of the meat, the efficiency of premixes of
Vitafel S
At present, the farmers have to develop varieties and
hybrids, which fully meet the requirements of
agricultural production. The study of correlation among
economic-valuable characteristics of grain sorghum is of
great importance nowadays, as it allows optimizing
plant-breeding work at its early stages. For a more
productive process of developing of the initial material in
breeding, it is necessary to determine the correlation
among the traits to identify the strongest connections,
and to conduct further work, based on the obtained data.
Knowing the correlation, the estimation of timeconsuming
economic trait can be replaced by the
assessment of the simpler trait correlated with it. The
article presents the analysis of correlation among various
traits of grain sorghum. The degree and direction of the
correlation have been estimated. The significant effect of
the length of vegetation period on many traits has been
seen. There have been also mentioned the characteristics,
having an influence on a size and a number of kernels
per panicle. There is a positive correlation between a size
of panicle and dimensions of a leaf (length, width).
Along with it there has been found a positive correlation
among linier dimensions of a panicle, length and width
of a leaf, a number of leaves with a number of kernels
per panicle. While studying the correlation between an
extension of a panicle with other traits, there has been
noted a negative correlation between a length of
vegetation period, length and width of a leaf, but there
has been found a positive correlation with plant height. There has been found a positive effect of 1000-kernel
weight, a number of kernels per panicle, a number of
leaves and their dimensions on the formation of kernel
weight per panicle
The article deals with the effectiveness of mineral and
organic fertilizers in long-term application (for more
than thirty years) according to the influence on the
fertility of ordinary black soil of the Western Ciscaucasia
and productivity of sugar beet. The investigations
were carried out in the long-term stationary experiment
laid on the experimental stationary section "Severokubanskaya
agricultural experimental station" of P.P.
Lukyanenko Krasnodar Agricultural Research Institute.
The experiment was laid simultaneously in time
and space in two ten-course crop rotations and combined
grain-grass tilled. In the structure of sown areas
sugar beet occupied 10% of crop rotation area and was
placed after the winter wheat. During three rotations it
was studied: 1- control without fertilizer with natural
forming level of mineral nutrition; 2- minimal dose
N21P26K16 3- medium dose N43P52K33 ; 4 - N43P52K33,
5- high dose N96P104K68; 6- organo-mineral system¹
N43P52K34 + 12 t/ha of manure; 7- organo-mineral system²
N20P24K34 + II-III rotations tillage of straw crop
+ 6 t/ha of manure; 8- medium dose P52K33; 9- medium
dose N43K33; 10- medium dose N43K52. The soil which
is used by organo-mineral system with increased and
high standards of mineral fertilizers had higher concentration
of mineral nitrogen. Long systematic application of fertilizer had more noticeable effect on soil
phosphorus regime. The provision of soil by exchange
potassium tended to decline from rotation to rotation.
If at the completion of the first rotation the content of
this battery was at the level 362,0-433,0 mg / kg of
soil, in 2010, these values were 356,0-405,0 mg / kg of
soil, remaining at the level of increased and high provision
characterized to ordinary black-soil. Fertilizers
for crop rotation provided almost equal yield increase:
in the first rotation - 4,9-16,0 t / ha in the second 5,3-
17,1, the third 6,1-15,5 t / ha. In the moderate favorable
for moisture and temperature conditions during
the first and third rotation (hydrothermal index 0,8-
0,76), the value of sugar beet yield was 30,1-46,1 and
35,7-52,1 t / ha, in comparison with tougher conditions
for the second rotation (hydrothermal index 0,41-
1,96) higher up to 2,6-6,5 9,2-16,0 t / ha.
Research carried out in long-term stationary experiment
showed that long-term use of fertilizers prevents
to the loss of soil organic substances, supporting the
humus content at the level of 3.95-3.99%, and organicsystems
contribute to its reproduction to 4,01-4,21%.
soil nitrogen state is stabilized. However, there is a
tendency of decrease of the exchange potassium in
mineral fertilizer systems. In the conditions of insufficient
moisture supply of the northern zone of Krasnodar
region the most applicable norm is N60P90R60, both
in mineral and organic-systems, ensuring the collection
of root crops within 43,0-45,2 t / ha, with an estimated
amount of sugar 6,92-7, 14 t / ha. The given systems of
fertilizer provide the yield of root crops 53,3-56,0 t /
ha with the synthesis of sugar 8,19-8,70 t / ha. Increasing
the rate of fertilizer in 2 times from medium to
N120P160R120 doesn’t increase the productivity, reduce
sugar content of root crop to 0.4-0.8%. It is undesirable
to use fertilizer that are unbalanced in nutrition
elements in which root crops yield declines from 5.4 to
19.0%, and current biological sugar from 6,1 to 25,9%
We have conducted a research on the poultry farm of
the commodity farm of the educational and
experimental farm Kuban of the Kuban State Agrarian
University. The chemical analysis of various organic
fertilizers is considered in the article. Also
agrochemical characteristics of organic fertilizers are
given. The composition and properties of the bird
droppings of the farm under study were determined for
comparison with other organic fertilizers: manure of
cattle and pig manure. Since straw is used as the main
moisture-absorbing material for composting in the
farm under study, straw analyzes were carried out in
terms of chemical composition and nutritional content.
A chemical analysis of the content of plant nutrients in
straw has been carried out. Bird droppings is valuable,
a fast full fertilizer. Of all organic fertilizers, bird
droppings are the most valuable, both in nutrient
content and in their accessibility to plants. The nutrient
content in the litter varies depending on the species of
the bird, the breed, the age, the method of keeping and
feeding, the type of feed and other factors. The
chicken manure contains morephosphorus, nitrogen and
potassium, than manure of cattle and pigs. The advantage
of organic fertilizers in comparison with mineral
fertilizers is their long after-effect. As fertilizer a bird
droppings surpasses manure at 8-10 times and almost
don't concede to equal amount of nutrients of mineral
fertilizers by action on productivity of cultures. The norm
of introduction of bird droppings is up to 30 times lower,
than norm of introduction of manure. Agricultural areas
where introduction of organic fertilizers, the list of crops
under which fertilizers are introduced were considered.
The received results confirm the value of organic
fertilizers (bird droppings), and their application enriches
the soil with necessary nutrients, increases productivity
and quality of grown-up crops
In the article, we discuss issues of morphological and
physiological control over plants of winter wheat. As
the object of the research, we have selected landraces
- the population of winter wheat, which was grown
on the territory of the Kuban region in the last
century. The aim of this work was determination of
the effect on the reproductive system of winter wheat
varieties of factors such as conditions of cultivation
and processing "Cecece 750" 1.5 l/ha D. V. crop
retardant. To achieve this goal we have conducted a
morphological analysis of the growth cone at the VI
stage of organogenesis, which provide quantitative
evaluation of potential future seed production of
spike of winter wheat. To study the effect of the year
of breeding on the reproductive system of winter
wheat varieties the analysis of variance was
calculated according to the scheme 3×7 factorial
variability characteristic due to the influence of
genotype (factor B), cultivation year (factor A), that
is repeated in time is interpreted as the effect of the
year conditions of cultivation. The influence of
retardant on the reproductive system of winter wheat
varieties was conducted using the analysis of
variance on the above described scheme, 2×7, where
the factor "A" is presented in two gradations
(options, retardant treated and not treated), in this
case, repeated for years was excluded as a factor. The
result of researches indicates that the rate of realized
productivity is variety-specific and can serve as a
measure of the flexibility of the studied cultivars to
different environmental conditions. The analysis of
variance showed significant retardant effect on the
realization of potential productivity in all variants of
the crops of soft winter wheat. The comparison of the
average general population indicates that the genetic
potential of tall varieties may not manifest even in
favorable for crop cultivation. The artificial reduction
of plant height by inhibiting the growth of retardant
is an effective way to identify high productivity of
these genotypes as varieties of winter and Nemenchinskaya Old No. 346
In the soils of rice fields, eluvial gley processes
develop, which are manifested in redistribution of silty
particles along the profile, water-soluble humus,
mobile compounds of iron and phosphorus. Most
intensively, these processes are developed in meadowbog
soils, confined to closed depressions of the plains
plain. Meadow-black soils lying on elevated relief
elements have more favorable physical, physicochemical
and oxidation-reduction properties for
cultivating rice and accompanying crops in crop
rotation. The highest yield of rice is formed on high
checks and higher at 12,4 c/ha than on low ones
The article presents the results of research in the field
of suppression of thistle field Cirsium arvense in sunflower
crops under different methods of tillage