Considering the pluralistic nature of the process of interpreting modern theorists of individual elements of economic reality, the main purpose of this article manifests the need to clarify the integrity and uniformity of approach to objective reflection of the realities of the economy. The basis for study in this work selected the category is "cost-permanent", an example of which is shown differentiation theoretical-economists views, that in the opinion of the author makes it difficult to harmonize the interpretations of the economic system, and therefore the subject of the article is of particular relevance. To prove the existence of a dichotomy of views within the scientific article analyzes the general population sources of theories about the nature of persistence fixed costs and based on exploitation mathematical and statistical apparatus disclosed each side of the existing concepts. Assuming that high-quality and reliable information on the level of management activities - the key to making competent and reasonable management decisions, according to the analysis to overcome the distortion of the generated objectification developed an integrated approach to understanding the category of fixed costs. The integral approach is argued by the admissibility of the existence of several points of view and the possibility of reducing them to one, which is the scientific novelty of the work
The import substitution problem, that is replacements on the Russian commodity market of foreign production with domestic, is not new and periodically rises including the country leaders. In the first queue, import substitution connects with the solution of one of the main objectives of economy of Russia – its diversification. However, an attempt to develop complete policy of the power was made only after imposition of sanctions. So, it was told about need of overcoming critical dependence on foreign technologies and industrial output in the message of the Russian President to Federal Assembly at the end of 2014. The Russian President Vladimir Putin urged to use the situation developing in connection with sanctions for an exit to new boundaries of development and during "straight line" in April of the current year. Now, by estimates of the government, the import share in various industries of economy is extremely high. For example, Russia imports in civil aircraft construction more than 80% of accessories, in heavy engineering – about 70%, in the oil and gas equipment – 60%, in the energy equipment – about 50%, in agricultural mechanical engineering to dependences on category of products – from 50% to 90% of details etc. The opinion is popular that the moments, heavy for economy of Russia, connected with decrease in foreign demand for the raw materials delivered by Russia and natural devaluation of ruble are a peculiar window of opportunities for development of the domestic industry and deepening of import substitution. However, despite a number of the "successful" moments in this sense, is, for example, crises of 1998 and 2008, the state did not use them fully
The meaning of the definition of "import substitution" is clarified, import and export item features of the national economy are discussed, special attention is paid to the possibilities of expanding domestic and international markets by enhancing the competitiveness of industrial economies, the development of production with a large number of processing and high added value, increasing the traditional segment of high-tech products. It is noted that modern export orientation expands not only the market share of domestic products on foreign markets, but also significantly improves the competitive position of producing organizations in the domestic market. Potential geographical areas and countries-consumers of products of domestic production enterprises are highlighted. The article emphasizes the advantages to be gained from a substitution in the short to medium term with moderate protectionism by the state. The problems and possibilities of import substitution in agriculture and also the impact of past crisis, devaluation of the ruble on the processes of import substitution and export orientation, the role of the implementation process of import substitution in the security of the country are discussed. We offer solutions which will contribute to more successful implementation of the strategy of import substitution in manufacturing industries of agriculture; we have also made prognoses about short, medium and long term positive and negative predictive effects of import substitution and export orientation using retrospective of development of these processes
The article gives an overview of possible application prospects of a foreign experience of lean manufacturing in practice of Russian enterprises of various industries
Predestination of the prospects of financial activities of businesses today is a necessary and widely used management tool in order to increase the investment attractiveness, as well as to strengthen the financial position, solvency, business activity and profitability
of agrarian organizations
The article is devoted to determining the importance of
the involvement of the staff in the quality management
system of the organization on the example of the
teaching staff of higher educational institutions. The
article analyzes the situation of teachers in the
management of quality control system of the higher
education institution in the transition to the new
federal state educational standards. The teaching staff
is defined as the most important link in the quality
management system of higher education institution, on
which the organizational culture of the higher
educational institutions, the internal climate of the
organization, the process of education in practice. In
the article, it is determined that the level of
involvement of staff in the activities of the educational
organization determines the extent of its success. Now
in accordance with the competency universities
approach requires new approaches to personnel
management, since the spent years working with staff
in the current conditions will not give the desired
effect. The article lists the elements of the
implementation of the «Employee involvement»
principle, features educational activities at the
university. Professional development is considered as
the training of teachers for the reform and
modernization of higher education. It noted the most
relevant competences of high school teachers. In
conclusion, the main challenges faced by the
university in order to improve the quality management
system of higher education institutions and the
successful implementation of the principle of
“Employee involvement”
In the work we highlight the organizational and economic
aspects of a profitable pork production in the market conditions. The article provides an analysis of the current status of the pig industry in the Rostov region. It also outlines solutions to the problems of development of pig breeding in the Rostov region
The article consists of the results of scientific researches about modern state of grain and elevator business. It describes established trends in the government regulation of grain market. The author motivates the practicability of the state financial support for construction mini-elevator by the grain producers
The article examines the issues of competitiveness of production of fruit products. We carried out a strategic analysis of the competitiveness of the fruit industry of Krasnodar region
THE PROBLEM OF YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EDUCATION MARKET AND THE LABOR MARKET MISMATCH
The article deals with the problems of youth employment
in the context of inconsistency of educational
services market and labor market. It analyzes
the main trends in youth employment, values in the
professional working environment, problems of employment
of young specialists, the reasons causing
youth unemployment. It is noted that the imbalance
in the labor market and the education market is one
of the causes of youth unemployment. The author
addresses youth employment issues from the perspective
of a comprehensive and systematic approach,
draws attention to youth employment as an
urgent and long-term task of the state socioeconomic
policy. There have been identified priority
areas for the implementation of employment policies
that will contribute to the effective solution of
problems of the youth labor market segment development.
The work proposes a number of specific
measures required for solving the existing problems
of youth employment, as well as for increasing the
level of social adaptation of this category of labor
resources in the Russian economy