The article is devoted to the discussion of the
organization of clinical-statistical studies and
experiments. We have considered the examples of
the application of statistical methods in scientific
medical research. Under the clinical-statistical
research we understand specially organized
collection and analysis of medical data about the
course of disease in patients, research of the
dynamics of objective and subjective indicators of
the state of reaction to these or other therapeutic
effects. We study one, two or more groups of
individuals (patients or healthy), conclusions are
drawn on the whole group, but not for each
individual patient. The purpose of research - to
transfer the conclusions reached for the sample to
the general population, i.e., clinical and statistical
study focused on the production of useful
recommendations concerning those patients who fall
into the field of view of doctors after the end of the
study. There are two main types of research -
prospective and retrospective. The first related to the
analysis of the last patients, the second - to
monitoring the course of their disease in the future.
We have considered typical mistakes in the
organization of clinical-statistical studies. When
planning a research, we usually distinguish the
experimental and control groups, which are identical
or similar in all respects except for the studied
factors (exposure). We discuss the various options
for blind methods and consider the application of
statistical models and methods in scientific medical
research. We have analyzed examples of confidence
estimation of proportion (probability) and the
homogeneity test of probabilities. For statistical
modeling we use the Poisson distribution in the case
of small probability. With its help, we analyze
statistical data on the opisthorchiasis
There were conducted the theoretical explanations of standby wind power plant. There was obtained the distribution law of wind speed and its statistical operation factors, equations of the dependence of voltage regression and capacity of wind power plant upon wind speed, confirmed the convergence of theoretical supposition and experimental data
The article presents an analysis of the statistical data on use of barley in the world agriculture. The dynamics of changes in acreage under crop has been studied over the past decade in the global community. The structure of indicators in barley’s area was reduced and the main regions of production have been described. As the world as some countries barley productivity was studied. The article presents the data on world production of barley for lust four years. The structure of production of the main producing counties for 2014 is presented graphically. On the basis of the material revealed, more than half of the total harvest of barley in the world has been produced by three regions: The European Union, the Russian Federation and Canada. The article presents a comparative analysis in the above productivity of barley by the world leaders in the production of this crop. A direct influence of environmental factors on final grain yield has noted. Also the issue of national economic importance of culture has been revealed. We have noted the areas of the culture use such as food, brewing industry, as well as livestock (as it is known, barley is one of the most valuable forage crops)
Fuzzy sets are the special form of objects of nonnumeric
nature. Therefore, in the processing of the
sample, the elements of which are fuzzy sets, a
variety of methods for the analysis of statistical data
of any nature can be used - the calculation of the
average, non-parametric density estimators,
construction of diagnostic rules, etc. We have told
about the development of our work on the theory of
fuzziness (1975 - 2015). In the first of our work on
fuzzy sets (1975), the theory of random sets is
regarded as a generalization of the theory of fuzzy
sets. In non-fiction series "Mathematics.
Cybernetics" (publishing house "Knowledge") in
1980 the first book by a Soviet author fuzzy sets is
published - our brochure "Optimization problems
and fuzzy variables". This book is essentially a
"squeeze" our research of 70-ies, ie, the research on
the theory of stability and in particular on the
statistics of objects of non-numeric nature, with a
bias in the methodology. The book includes the
main results of the fuzzy theory and its note to the
random set theory, as well as new results (first
publication!) of statistics of fuzzy sets. On the basis
of further experience, you can expect that the theory
of fuzzy sets will be more actively applied in
organizational and economic modeling of industry
management processes. We discuss the concept of
the average value of a fuzzy set. We have
considered a number of statements of problems of
testing statistical hypotheses on fuzzy sets. We have
also proposed and justified some algorithms for
restore relationships between fuzzy variables; we
have given the representation of various variants of
fuzzy cluster analysis of data and variables and
described some methods of collection and
description of fuzzy data
In the article, we have presented the results of the harmonic analysis of pole-switching motor winding for a fan drive. The stator winding at 10/6 allow you to fully utilize the size of the basic six-pole engines, and the stator winding at 8/4 pole differ with simplified switching
The factors influencing the sources and the methods of financing investment projects are described: goals, technological features of business, cycles of internal and external financial flows, the general situation on the market, types of risks and methods of managing them, the level of an investor's competence. The classification of sources of financing of investment projects is indicated according to own and attracted, internal and external characteristics. We have reflected the composition of: – own sources of financing: net profit of an economic entity; depreciation deductions; charity donations and other contributions; funds received from insurance companies; other savings – attracted funds: state, budget, debt, bank, venture financing of investment projects. The list of sources of financing on internal and external sources of financing of investment projects is given: 1. Internal own resources: financial and material reserves of the company in the form of special funds, accounts or assets under special management status; Financial assets that make up the depreciation fund of deductions for the reproduction of the capital base. 2. External investment resources: credit resources; issuing assets; cession of a part or share of ownership, decision–making, control over certain business processes; intellectual resources; tax preferences (vacations); public fund–raising (such as projects based on the use of the «crowd funding» system). The volume of direct foreign investments in the Russian Federation from 2006 to 2016 has been analyzed. The modern factors and the reasons influencing investment activity in the Russian economy are noted. Prospects for the development of the Russian economy until 2030 are considered
In this article we carry out the analysis of the current state of dairy farming in the country and in the Rostov region. The article shows the number of cows and milk production in farms of all categories in the country and the region. At present, Russia is ranked 6th in the world in milk production and is the largest importer of milk and dairy products. The situation is similar in the dairy industry of the Rostov region. Nowadays Rostov region ranks 5th in the Russian Federation and 2nd place in the southern Federal district in milk production. A large portion of milk (83,4%) is produced in households. This indicates decentralization of livestock complex in the Rostov region. The demand for milk is met through own production by 83%. Currently, the region has just started a period of stabilization of the gross milk production. For the last 4 years the indicators of milk productivity of cows have been 13.0-14.5% higher than the national average. Much of this was facilitated by the measures of state support. With the support of Federal and regional authorities in this field it has been created a favorable investment climate for the development of dairy farming. In the article the main organizational and economic aspects of profitability of milk production have been shown. It identifies the main issues that hinder the intensification of dairy farming. The dairy sector of the Rostov region has good prospects. Main approaches to the solution of the problems of development of dairy cattle breeding in the Rostov region have been listed
The state of tourism in the Krasnodar region was analyzed and the perspectives of its development were given in the article. Actuality of the research is determined by the condition of growing globalization where the world tourism industry is the priority interest and great perspectives for Krasnodar region. However, the potential of the tourism sector development is not completely used in Krasnodar region. Points of growth in the tourism industry of the Krasnodar region are the various recreational centers, which have the status of resorts. The highest stage of a recreational center development is resort agglomeration. There is Krasnodar region; there is only one resort agglomeration - Greater Sochi – in Krasnodar region. In this regard, the particular interest is the analysis of the tourism development in the city of Sochi. The analysis of Sochi’s tourism sector showed that the resort annually receives at the average about 4 million tourists, there is no significant reduction in the number of rooms of collective accommodation facilities, but in spite of that the industry revenues are about 10 billion rubles. The analysis showed that there are preconditions for the further development of tourism in the city of Sochi, which are associated with the creation of new enterprises of the entertainment industry, the improvement of health-care systems and the introduction of non-standard rest scenarios
The article examines the characteristics and the efficiency
of modern organizational and economic mechanisms
of the spread of high-tech technologies and products of
double application, identifying the most promising areas
of improvement and progressive development, is determined
by their role in attracting additional funding for
national and international innovative projects and programs
On the up-to date stage of development of the Russian economics, the problems of forming of competitive reproducing potential of industrial organizations, arrangement of usage, development of methods of diagnostics, choice of development directions are considered to be the urgent problem, since they suppose full realization of economic possibilities and development of effective strategies of future development