The article scientifically substantiates and
experimentally confirms the high efficiency of the
nano biological feed supplement "NaBiKat" in diets of
broiler chickens of the "Cobb-500" cross. The
supplement is a new complex with a mixture of rice
germ films, green tea gallocatechin in chelated form,
and forty-nine trace elements in chelated form,
including biosoluble form of silicon. The main
function of silicon is to be involved in a variety of
intermediate exchange reactions as a catalyst and to
ensure normal flow of vital mechanisms as a coupler
helping to combine cellular molecules into a whole
functioning structure. Silicon begins to act on the body
when getting into the lumen of the gastrointestinal
tract with the feed. It activates the enzyme system of
the body and in ionic form is absorbed by kind of
ordinary diffusion along almost the entire small and
large intestine beginning from the jejunum. The
supplement studied has been proved to improve the
morphological structure and biochemical properties of
blood, to enhance metabolism, redox processes, and
the level of natural resistance. The broilers fed the
supplement "NaBiKat" in the experimental groups
have been found to have a higher concentration of
macro- and micronutrients in blood. The nano
biological silicon-containing supplement as a
compound of in the composition of feed for chickens
had a positive effect on their growth and development
The article analyzes the experience of zoning of
territory of the Bryansk region on the main factors of
erosion to select the measures to combat it. The
Bryansk region in its present borders, mainly
representing the middle course of the Desna river, has
been considered safe in relation to erosion. The
existing zoning is based on the quantitative
characteristics of the processes of erosion that
primarily allowed us to assess the scale of their impact
on nature and the region's economy. The erosion
zoning was performed on the basis of the map of
erosion-prone land. As a result of study and analysis of
all natural factors of erosion and land of the region
under study the regularities of distribution of land
erosion and intensity of spring rainfall and soil erosion
are detected. Under the leadership of Filin V. I., a
survey of the ravines of the region was conducted and
made the scheme of erosion zoning, according to
which the region is divided into three areas. It is
noteworthy Horinas E. V. research. When divided into
areas it was taken into consideration the need for each
of them specific actions to combat the causes and
consequences of erosion in relation to the peculiarities
of the latter in each district. According to the intensity
of the erosion processes and physico-geographical
zoning of the Bryansk region and the nature of
agricultural land use, specialists of the Bryansk branch
of the Institute "Rosgiprozem" produced erosion
zoning of the territory of the region, which highlighted
seven erosion regions. From the variety of methods for
zoning, the most appropriate in our view are created,
based on the estimated small-scale (medium-scale)
maps of erosion of land, capable of performing the
function diagrams of erosion zoning
Currently, due to the risk of global warming because
of increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere, carbon-deposit function of forest
ecosystems, thanks to which stabilization of gas
composition of the atmosphere takes place, has great
importance [1]. Forest is one of the main components
of the biosphere. Forests protect soil from erosion,
provide stability hydrological regime of rivers, supply
atmosphere with oxygen, biologically active
substances, purify of harmful impurities, create
optimal environmental conditions and play an
important environmental role. However, because of
intensive anthropogenic influence (unregulated
logging, technogenic environmental pollution
recreation) forest ecosystems are experiencing stresses
at which irreversible processes of degradation of
communities of economically valuable main forestforming
species of both natural and artificial origin
take place [6]. Evaluating carbon-deposit function of
forest plantations, CO2 emissions to the atmosphere
through the soil respiration must be taken into account,
which can vary within wide limits. Productivity of
forests is largely driven by carbon dioxide, released
from the soil. Soil carbon dioxide provides demand of
forest plants for photosynthesis. With increasing
intensity of soil respiration, positive balance is
maintained [2]. Based on the method of V.I. Tarankov
for evaluation of carbon-deposit and oxygen-producing
functions of wood cenoses [2], similar research is
carried out in RSI "Kuban forestry", the KarachayCherkessia
Republic
The results of the study farm «Zavet Ilyicha» JSC,
Leningrad district of Krasnodar region, are presented
in article to study the role of rolling phosphorus in soil
samples, organic fertilizers and grain output of winter
wheat. We examined the relationship between the
content of phosphorus in the soil and fertilizers are
introduced and subsequently with the quality of the
harvest of grain. To receive high harvests of crops,
primarily need adequate amounts of phosphorus in
soils in an accessible form. The next important step is
the use of different fertilizers (mineral and organic)
under crops. Without the use of fertilizers cannot
return key for plants of nutrients, such as phosphorus,
nitrogen and sodium in the soil, since agricultural
products makes the nutrients. What dose of fertilizer
use and profitable forms of these fertilizers, solves
every household depending on culture, soil, climate
and economy. We received during the research the
following results: for 4 year average contents of
phosphorus in soils of agro-landscape in General, au
pairs amounted to 27.2–31.4 mg/kg. Average levels of
phosphorus in the soils crop rotation fields amounted
to 26.9 and 30.9 mg/kg. Maximum values amounted to
115.0 mg/kg, while the minimum is about 3.0 mg/kg.
Also conducted analyses on the contents of rolling
phosphorus in manure polupereprevshem pigs and
cattle. Marked by a very significant gap in content of
phosphorus, which is associated with significant
differences in their feeding. In grain of winter wheat
for 4 years, phosphorus content accounted for at an
average of 3.41 g/kg; minimum and maximum
performance from 2.35 to 4.47 g/kg, in 2012.
Compared with 2012 phosphorus concentrations in
grain of winter wheat has gradually increased to 2015,
and accounted for 3.47 g/kg with minimum and
maximum thresholds ranging from 2.05 to 4.89 g/kg
In the conditions of middle valley of the Lena River on
the cryogenic, inundated, cespitose and chernozemic
soils different steppe communities differently react on
dietary regime. Herb-grass phytocenosis at organic
dietary regime is reformed in cereal phytocenosis with
the contents of cereals to 76% and bean types 19% of
dry basis with productivity to 20 centner of hectare of
dry basis. At the same time the efficiency of the
improved phytocenosis was on charge exchange
energy of 17,3 mega joule of hectare, feed units 1032
and a crude protein of 247 kilo of hectare. The whetgrasses
phytocenosis has provided productivity to
19,4 centner of hectare and the content of perevarimy
protein in 1 feed unit up to 118 gram. So the most
effective for the steppe meadows is using complex
fertilizer (humus of 20 tons of hectare + N60P60K60),
increasing the productivity twice with a high quality of
food
In this article, we present the results of the experiments on
the potential of productivity and accumulation of the root
mass of the Alfalfa and Brome-grass, on the content of the
main nourishment elements and the consolidation of gross
energy in the roots and agroenergetical effect of the
collected gross energy in the conditions of permafrost turf
soil of the Middle Lena valley. The maximum productivity
potential of beans and cereals grass mixture was reached
on the basis of the organic mineral nourishment regime:
the collected exchange energy – 21,3 GJ, feed units – 1568
and collected raw proteins – 428 kg per ha. Thus, the
content of digestible protein in beans and cereals grass
mixture agrophytocenoenosis was increased from 118 to
124 g, that exceeded a zootechnic norm (105 g). In general
the nitrogen contained in the total root mass of beans and
cereals grass mixture agrophytocenoenosis was up to 26,6
centner per hectare and movable phosphorus- up to 33,6 kg
per hectare that can serve as the source of nourishment for
sown herbs. The maximal stock of gross energy in roots
was got in beans and cereals grass mixture
agrophytocenoenosis at organic-mineral degrees (humus of
40 centner per hectare once in 4 years + of N120PK60
annually) up to 157,1 GJ/ha, while the accumulation of the
root mass reached 140,3 centner per hectare at average
annual rates of accumulation of dry substance up to 24,5
centner per hectare. The processes of formation,
decomposition and death of roots in the beans and cereals
grass mixture agrophytocenosis take place almost in a
balance state. Wherein the biological factor, as the
inclusion of the Yakut yellow variety of the Alfalfa in the
grass stand, plays a positive role
The ecological state of soil on the globe is unstable.
Intensification of agricultural production is
accompanied by negative trends in changes in soil
fertility. One of the most important indicators of soil
fertility is its structural state. With a long time
cultivation of grapes in one place, the physical
properties of the soil deteriorate. The purpose of our
research is to study the process of destruction of soil
structure during the cultivation of vineyards. The
object of research is the soils of plots of various
agricultural uses (vineyards, field crop rotation, forest
belts). The research methods used in the work are
route-field surveys, a laboratory study of the waterphysical
properties of the soil. The article presents the
data of the structural-aggregate composition of the soil
from plots of various agricultural uses. From the data
given, it can be seen that the soil occupied by the vine
plantations is characterized by a poor structure and low
structure of the arable horizon. The share of
agronomically valuable aggregates is 40.4%, the
structural coefficient is 0.68 units, while in the forest
belt this figure is 5.7 units. The increased mechanical
load on the soil during the cultivation of vineyards
leads to a deterioration in the physical properties of the
soil. Soil with low indicators of physical condition is
more susceptible to erosion processes, such as water
and wind erosion. Water erosion annually causes great
damage to agricultural lands throughout the world. The
article clearly demonstrates and scientifically
substantiated the negative effect of the system of soil
content of vineyards on the type of black steam. Also
proposed are ways to reduce the mechanical load on
the soil and prevent the development of degradation
processes in the soils of vineyards
The dependence of the productivity of the Riesling
Rennel vineyards and the quality of table wine from it
under the conditions of the Anapa-Taman Winegrowing
Zone was studied. It is established that the
vineyards of the Riesling Rhine variety are planted
with the highest yield, planted according to the
scheme of 3.5x1 m. In this embodiment, at a density
planting shrubs 2857 pcs. / Ha, the yield of grapes was
the highest - 131.4 c / ha. Maximum accumulation of
sugars in the grapes observed in the variants with a
width of 2.5 m aisle highest extract content from
different wine stocks options with row spacing of 2.5
m where the amount of extractables amounted to 17.1
- 19.2 g / dm3
. The increase in the total concentration
of aromatic compounds of up to 540 mg / dm 3
helps
to improve the quality of white table wine, and further
growth of aromatics to 1090 mg / dm3
- it reduces the
organoleptic evaluation. High tasting marks (7.88-8.29
points) received wine materials from sites having a
spacing of 3.5 m. Thus, considering the quality of the
wine, the cost of planting material, laying and care of
vineyards, it is worth considering the 3.5x1 planting
scheme , 5 m more suitable for the production of
quality table wines in the Black Sea agroecological
zone of viticulture in the south of Russia
The experiment considered the influence of different
methods of agricultural technologies on the yield of
winter barley in the dependence of the investigated
factors. The studies were carried out at the
experimental station of Kuban State Agrarian
University in the conditions of multifactorial longterm
soil monitoring. The experiment was carried out
in a typical 11-field grain-grass-tillage crop rotation
with the following alternation of crops: alfalfa, alfalfa,
winter wheat, winter barley, sugar beet, winter wheat,
corn for grain, winter wheat, sunflower, winter wheat,
spring barley with sowing of alfalfa. Stationary
experience is represented by the following factors: the
level of fertility (factor A); fertilizer system (factor B);
plant protection system (factor C) and methods of
basic soil cultivation (factor D). The relationship
between the influence of the soil fertility level,
fertilizer norms, plant protection products, the soil
cultivation system and yield, and the crop structure of
the perspective winter barley variety ‘Gordey’ were
determined. The soil is chernozem leached superheavy
light-clay with an average thickness of the
humus horizon - 150 cm. It is found that fertilizer, soil
treatment, seeding method; protective means increase
the yield of winter barley and positively influences the
elements of the yield structure. The yield increase in
comparison with the control changed from 10.4 to 26.8
c / ha. The statistical processing data show that the
fertilizer system (35.8%) and soil cultivation (27%)
had a certain influence on the number of productive
stems; the fertilizer system (44.6%) influenced the
spike size, the fertilizer system (28%) and the tillage
(32.8%) had influence on the amount of grain in the
spike and influenced the mass of grain from the spike
In the conditions of the Krasnodar region, we consider
the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of seeds
obtained when using different schemes of organization
of hybrid seed production of squash in the Krasnodar
region. As a result of studying various techniques in the
production of hybrid seed of summer squash, we have
established the effectiveness of using open pollination,
and assessed the approbation of the signs of F1 hybrid
plants obtained under different schemes of organization
of hybrid seed production of squash