The article presents the results of the study of selection,
technological and economic aspects of breeding
Galloway cattle breed in the Smolensk region. As it
was shown by the results of the studies, it begins to
form breeding base of this breed in the region. This
year, the regional tribal enterprise delivered two bulls
initiated the accumulation of hereditary material. We
have found that the greatest intensity of the development
has the descendants of the bull named John. The
dairy cows in the herd vary depending on the age of
the animals and is 179-223kg. Allelofond of the animals
are 17 alleles of EAB-locus of blood groups
characteristic of cattle specialized meat breeds. The
economic efficiency of breeding animals of the Galloway
breed in the region was 1291500 rubles. The article
recommends use of the Galloway cattle breed for
further breeding in the Smolensk region and introduction
of resource-saving technologies of beef production
The article contains the results of the study of mechanical composition of grapes and biochemical characteristics of white wine grapes for the production of juice of direct extraction and blending. Thus, the yield of studied grapes ranged from 7.5 to 13.2 t / ha: highest yielding varieties and hybrids of Pervenets Magaracha and Tsitronnyy Magaracha, and the lowest - Chardonnay and Pinot blanc. At an average weight of clusters of varieties were divided into three groups - large clusters (230-243 g) in varieties Pervenets Magaracha and Tsitronnyy Magaracha, medium (181-184 g) - the varieties Chardonnay and Pinot blanc, small (112-116 g) - the varieties Bianca and Viorica. By weight of the 100 berries were divided into four groups - Bianca and Viorica (I), Pervenets Magaracha (II), Chardonnay (III), Pinot blanc and Tsitronnyy Magaracha (IV). Weight of 100 seeds from the largest varieties Pinot blanc and Bianca, and the lowest - in the varieties of Tsitronnyy Magaracha and Chardonnay. The solids content in the juices of these varieties ranged from 19.4 to 21.8%, which corresponded to branded products and higher of commodity varieties. Mass concentration of sugars ranged from 18.4 to 21.3 g / 100 cm3. Titratable acid content in the juice was varied from 0.65 to 0.78 g / 100 cm3. Sugar-acid ratio, defined as the ratio of concentration of sugars and titratable acids ranged from 23.6 to 30. The recommended values for this indicator were within 22-30. According to the results of the tasting, we rated "excellent" the juices from the varieties of Tsitronnyy Magaracha, Viorica (19 points) and Bianca (17 points); "good" marks were given to the juices from Pinot blanc, Chardonnay, Pervenets Magaracha: this means that we can get juices of excellent quality from the grape varieties under study with the title of ampelographic variety; in addition, the juice of the grape of varieties Chardonnay, Pinot blanc, Bianca, Pervenets Magaracha due to their potassium content will be functional to improve the cardiovascular system. On the basis of the tasting we have conducted mixing of the juices from the varieties of Viorica and citron Magaracha with other juice varieties 50:50 and 70:30. Sensory evaluation showed that blending juices from the varieties of Viorika and citron juice Tsitronnyy Magaracha other varieties improves product quality and 50:50 increases by one the total score, and 70:30 - two units. Blend of the varieties of Viorica and Tsitronnyy Magaracha does not increase the total score, but gives the product a special flavor and aroma. Hence, using the grape varieties under study we can produce varietal juices with the name of their ampelographic type and blended juices to extend the assortment
The article shows prospects of the use of growth regulators on the nature of humic culture of rice in the first place due to the low field germination of seeds, rice crops lodging. Effect of humate on the growth, development and photosynthetic activity of plants, as well as the consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium results in increased grain yield of rice. Depending on the type of humate yield increased by 5,0-6,4 с/ha. Seed treatment caused a change humates biochemical and technological indicators of the quality of grain. Beans with these options contain more than in the control of protein per 0,13-0,44 % starch - 0,36-1,2 %, decreased membranous grain by 0,2 % and 1 % fracture, raised on vitreousness 1,46-2,0% and the yield of cereals on 1,06-2,0 %
Diagnosis by PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction –
polymorphism of the lengths of restriction fragments)
is the standard analysis of point mutations for the
diagnosis of allelic polymorphism of candidate genes
related with productive qualities of farm animals.
Along the length of the fragments (RFLP) make a
conclusion about the absence or presence of the point
mutation, and homozygosity or heterozygosity of the
individual. The aim of our work was the optimization
of protocols for conducting PCR-RFLP analysis for
genotyping sheep for genes of the growth hormone
gene differential growth factor and gene of calpastatin
In the decision to establish solid fodder resources
in the arid parts of Southern Russia triticale should
take its rightful place. It must be introduced instead
of winter wheat, inferior to the yield, quality and
output of nutrients per unit of area. It is necessary
to maximize the potential of new varieties of
winter triticale, as the productivity of animals
largely depends on the varietal characteristics of
the culture. Triticale has attracted special attention
by its ability to exceed the parental forms on
productivity and quality, and resistance to adverse
soil and climatic conditions and the most
dangerous disease is not inferior to rye. The
generalized data of most researchers characterize
triticale as a factor in increasing the productivity of
animals and reducing the cost of feed per unit of
output, although in some cases there is a negative
trend in reduction of productivity by the
replacement of cereal grain components for winter
triticale. Due to the enrichment of compound feed
with triticale grain by enzyme preparations and
enzyme-probiotic supplements we can greatly
increase productivity, digestibility of main
nutrients, improve meat quality and reduce the cost
of feed per unit of output. We can increase the
productive effect of triticale grain by extrusion. In
physiological metabolic experiments, it is found
that by extruding of triticale grain the digestibility
of the main nutrients is increased by 1.3-1.8%.
Extruding of triticale before feeding promotes
slaughter yield and increases the levels of protein
in the muscle. The use of triticale in rations instead
of wheat reduces the cost of the diet, the cost of the
manufactured products and increases profitability.
The study of achievements of scientists from
various scientific organizations necessitates the
further breeding work with the culture of triticale
and requires the development of innovative
technological methods that can help reduce the
concentration of pentosans and beta-glucans in the
grain
The influence of protective coatings on changes in the
biological characteristics of quality, germination, plant
growth and development of the onion crop quantitative
loss of garlic was investigated for the first time. The
objects of research were winter garlic called Tien Shan
and onion of Allan variety. Water solutions of polyvinyl
alcohol PWS-5, paraffin coating Р, paraffin-cerezin
composition PK-1 were studied as a protective coatings.
Coating onions and chives before planting them
in the ground delay germination, respectively at 1 and
2 weeks. Then, protective coatings act as growth stimulants.
The greatest increase in green mass of garlic for
3 months (almost 2 times) compared to the control (uncoated)
prepared using the hydrophobic coating РK-1.
РK-1 increases the yield of garlic and onions in 1.5
times, and the seeds of onions in 1.3 times. It is recommended
before planting onions to cover onions the
PK-1 in order to prevent his fall germination and receive
further large bulbs weighing 130-131 g. Carbohydrates,
starch, vitamin C, and life-giving moisture
garlic, it is best stored in a РK-1 coated serve after
planting in soil more efficient power plant. As a result,
such plant grows better, develops and gives higher
yields
The article contains the results the study of the mechanical composition of clusters and biochemical characteristics of the red wine grape varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Merlot (regionalized), Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Kortis and Verdot black (introduced). In terms of the structure of the cluster of the variety they can be divided into three groups: Cabernet Kortis and Cabernet Sauvignon (16,6-16,8), Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Franc and Verdot Black (17,5-17,9), Merlot (19.9 ). In terms of addition of the variety they can be divided into four groups: Cabernet Franc (6.3), Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot (4.9-5.0), Cabernet Carbon (4.3), Verdot Black and Cabernet Kortis (3, 7-3,4). Structural parameters of the clusters of the varieties we have studied were ranged from 5.1 to 5.6, and the berry from 64.3 to 74. The yield of the wort from Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Merlot is equal to 75,1-77,7% from Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Kortis and Verdot Black - 70,5-72%. Mass concentration of sugars in the studied varieties was in the range of 22,3-26 g / 100 cm3, titrated acids - 0,47-0,77 g / 100 cm3, active acidity - 3.1-3.8. The ratio of fructose to glucose was: Verdot Black - 1.2, Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Carbon - 1.5, Cabernet Kortis - 1.8, Kabernet Franc - 2.8, Merlot - 3.2. Most ranged organic acid in all varieties – wine acide. Relation of the content of tartaric and wine acids in varieties amounted: Cabernet Kortis 7: 1, Cabernet Karbon 6: 1, Cabernet Franc 2.8: 1, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot 2: 1, Verdot Black 1,4-1. Mass concentration of cations in the varieties was (in mg / dm3): potassium - 816,4-1770, sodium - 13,03-21,31, magnesium - 76,21-106, calcium - 52,24-89,45. In comparison with Cabernet Sauvignon larger potassium cations had Cabernet Franc and Merlot, sodium cations - Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, magnesium cations - Cabernet Carbon, Kortis, Cabernet, Merlot, calcium cations - Cabernet Kortis, Merlot and Cabernet Carbon
The study was conducted in a stationary multivariate experiment at the experimental station of Kuban State Agrarian University during eighteen years. The technology of growing winter wheat was improved by the optimization of norms of fertilizers and plant protection systems for different levels of soil fertility. Totally there were 48 technologies for growing winter wheat after and grain: corn, sunflower, sugar beet, where studied in the experiment. The best combination of high yield (77.2 t / ha) with high quality grain (nature - 789 g / l, the total vitreousness - 60%, -14.2% protein content, gluten content - 29.0%) was found under intense technology. The grain quality meets the requirements for the 2nd class. Similar productivity (yield - 76.4 t / ha, the total vitreousness - 55% protein content - 13.4% gluten content - 27.2%) was obtained in and when grown for its resource-saving technology also. All kinds of technologies for growing winter wheat studied in the experiment were profitable, but resource-saving technology was the most efficient. Net income per hectare under this technology was 31,745 rubles, and a cost of 1 quintal of grain - 284 rubles
In the article there were presented the results of researches of influence on study of Norwegian stimulator of root forming named Rudix Plus on regeneration properties of cuttings of Moldova and
Vostorg table grapes of different lengths and as well the degrees of influence of studied factors on these indexes. The researched varieties have significant differences by a lot of important biological indexes including the potential rhizogenic activity of cuttings
In the present article the main research results of
investigation of the means of pre-milking and postmilking
treatment of cow udder and dugs are presented.
The treatment of cow udder dugs produces great effect
on the milk quality, the incidence level of mastitis of
cows in the herd, extension and pathogenic agents
transmission from sick to healthy animals; and also
udder treatment provides hygienic protection of udder
dugs. Tree concentrations of detergent of chloride
dioxide were tested. Whereof, dilution of detergent with
concentration of 90 mg/l chloride dioxide proved
effective disinfective effect in pre-milking treatment of
udder dugs. The developed medication for post-milking
treatment of cow udder dugs presented high preventive
efficiency against mastitis and provided longer hygienic
protection of cow udder dugs after milking