Sorghum is cultivated in many countries of the world
on around 50 ml hectares. The main producers of
sorghum are India, Nigeria, Sudan and the USA.
Sorghum comes from equatorial Africa. India and
China are the secondary places of origin and formation.
The USA achieved great success in breeding, seedgrowing
and agro technologies of grain sorghum. In the
country sorghum occupies 14.4% of the world amount
of sowing areas; the gross yield is 40%. Sorghum
breeding on Don was started by E.S. Yakushevsky in
1938. In 1963 after a long break the work was restarted
at the Zernograd Breeding Station headed by Ya.I.
Issakov. At present the amount of sowing areas for
sorghum is constantly increasing in RF (220.3 thousand
ha in 2015). It occurs due to aridity of climate and more
frequent use of the crop as insurance. Besides, the
development of white kernel varieties gave an
opportunity to use sorghum for starch and spirit. There
are 221 varieties and hybrids of sorghum registered in
the State List. The main directions of breeding work
with grain sorghum are early maturity, suitability for
mechanical harvesting, productivity and grain quality.
The ARRIGC developed the white kernel early
maturing varieties ‘Velikan’, ‘Zernogradskoe 88’,
‘Ataman’ without necessity to be dried after harvesting,
with productivity of 8 t/ha. The main directions of breeding work with sweet sorghum are early maturity,
high intensity of initial growth, low height, resistance to
lodging, high productivity and quality of green chop.
The ARRIGC developed the varieties for fodder use
(‘Listvenit’), for spirit and treacle (‘Debyut’ and
‘Zernogradsky Yantar’). Sorghum due to origin and
varietal diversity even in dry and hot parts of the world
allow obtaining stable, high yields of grain and green
chop. This makes sorghum the leading grain-forage and
food crop
Results of research of influence of foliar top dressings by Zitovit and Zircon preparations on development of plants of grape of Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5ВВ grade on sandy soils are submitted. Processing of plants with Zitovit in conditions of their insufficient mineral nutrition through roots, improved their growth and development. Action of Zircon preparation for raising immunity promoted qualitative rearrangement of morphological parameters of development of plants
The results of the experimental studies are published, according to which the influence of dense forest belts on wind regimen and moisture storage of agroland-scapes is defined by phytomass of the stand
The history of the spread of patisson on the example of agro-botanical illustration has been reviewed . The different forms of selected, dissemination and use in the modern world investigated
The Patris variety is a hybrid, which was made as the result of Greece-Russian scientific collaboration in Greece by Panteley Zamanidi and Leonid Troshin in 2001 year by hybridization of Aigeorgitiko and Cabernet Sauvignon variety. By its morphological characteristics, it is included to the group of the Black sea varieties (convar. pontica subconvar. balcanica Negr.). The production period is 156-165 days. The growth of shoots is big. The yield is very high. The weight of bunch is 250 g. It has good frost resistance, drought resistance and higher steadiness to mushroom diseases, comparing with the parents varieties of Vitis vinifera L. The leave is middle, black-green, five lobes, deep divided, bubbles on the higher plate are low, the hairs are low on the upper side and intense on the bottom. The flower is hermaphrodite. The bunch is middle, cylinder conical or wrinkle, low density. The berry is middle, round, blue-black color. The skin is dense. The pulp is juicy with paslen taste. The sugariness of juice is high. The variety is used for making dry red wines of outstanding quality
The crop productivity of peach varieties in different fruit zones of Krasnodar region was studied. The economic analysis of effectiveness of their growing was done. The practical recommendations on peach-tree gardens making were given by the results of five-year researches
Biochemical quantitative and qualitative indices of pear fruit have been investigated in six varieties of pears grown in Prikybanskoy horticultural zone of the Krasnodar region. The investigation has been done with pear fruit in the stage of maturity for harvesting
and after 90 days after storage in refrigerator. Quantitative content of dry matter, sugars, vitamins C and P and fraction pectin content in fruits and squeezing of fruits as well as changes in the process of storage have been established
The results of comparative analysis of three white muscat grades of grapes Viorika, the Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan according to the biological indicators of fructification, productivity, quality of berries, mechanical structure of bunches, suitability for manufacture of direct extraction juice and dry wines are depicted in the article. All studied grades differ by high percent of fruiting runaways and high factors of fruiting and fructification. The highest factors of fruiting and fructification of runaways are reflected at grade Viorika, and the lowest - at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways according to the length of a fruit spear are high and rather levelled at all grades. That is why, depending on bushes forming, it is possible to apply short and average (6-7 buds) length of vine cutting. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways from angular buds and sleeping buds are high enough, that shows to good regenerative ability of studied grades. Grades Viorika and the Muscat de Yaloven are tall, and the Muscat onitskan is average height. Degree of ripening of runaways at grades Viorika and the Muscat onitskan is good, at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven - satisfactory. Productivity of grades Viorika, Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan is 77,94; 81,52 and 72,72 centner/hectares, and efficiency of runaway - 199,5; 193 and 221,9 with a significant difference between grades on both indicators. The exit of a mash at grades was 77,5-79,4 %. According to the contents of solids, sugars and acids, grapes of all grades correspond to requirements for manufacture of high-quality direct extraction juice. From grapes of these grades, it is possible to produce high-quality direct extraction juice under the name of ampelographic and blended grades.
Sampling estimation of dry wines from grapes of these grades fluctuates from 7,6 to 7,8 points: 7,8 (Viorika), 7,7 (the Muscat onitskan), 7,6 (the Muscat de Yaloven)
This article deals with the results of the research work
concerning the influence of foliar application of grape
of Saperavi variety by soluble fertilizers of new
generation-Nutrivant plus and Kelik potassiumsilicon.
The influence of these fertilizers on yield and
actual fruitfulness have also been investigated. The
experiments have been carried out both in pureform
and in a tankmixture with growth regulator
“VIMPEL”. The treatment by these fertilizers has
been done three times in the following period; after
flowering, in fruit growth phase,(pea-size berry) and
in the phase of fruit maturing The foliar treatment in a
pure form as well as in a tank mixture led to increase
of bunch weight, harvest per bush and the yield
capacity of plantation. The influence of fertilizers
depended not only on variants of experiment but also
on weather conditions of the previous and current year
as well as on the previous yield. The negative
correlation between the indexes of yield structure of
the previous year and the actual fruitfulness of the
current year has been revealed. However, the character
of these correlative connections depends on many
factors and greatly differs according to the year. As a
result of these investigations, it was stated that foliar
application of Saperavi grape variety by fertilizers of a
new generation Nutrivant plus and Kelik potassiumsilicon
in a tank mixture with growth regulator
“Vimpel” in periods after flowering, berry
growth(pea-size berry) and at the beginning of berry
maturing did not promote a stable and significant
increase of the main indexes of an actual fruitfulness. The real increase observed in all experimental variants
was achieved mainly due to the increase of the
average weight of the bunch
The article presents some results of the industrial breeding of fine-wool ewes with rams of semi finewooled sheep breeds