The influence on the predecessor, on the time of sowing
and various mineral nutrition levels, on the productivity of
seven cultivars of winter soft wheat of Krasnodar Agricultural
Research Institute selection was investigated. On the
basis of the obtained experimental data and production
audit it was found that all studied cultivars under the total
complex of cultivation technological methods are able to
form the yield of 6-7 t / ha with the payment of one kg of
active ingredient of fertilizer by the grain within 6.50-9.86,
and 8.56- 10.71 kg. Soil was ordinary chernozem with a
low humus content powerful humus content, depending on
the power of backgrounds in the arable (0-30sm) soil layer
is 3,95-4,00%, of mineral nitrogen is 5,9-8,3 mg / kg of
soil, mobile phosphorus is 22,4 - 26,6 mg / kg of soil, of
exchangeable potassium is 330-360 mg / kg of soil. Predecessors
are winter wheat, sunflower, white mustard cultivated
on seeds. The main tillage is resource-saving with
the mulching of 0-10 cm layer. Studied sowing terms are
the 20th of September, the 1st and 10th of October. The
backgrounds of mineral nutrition: 1-without fertilizer
N0P0К0; 2-minimum dose of complete mineral fertilizer
N60P30К30; 3-average dose N90P60К60; 4-high dose N120-
160P90К60. Seeding rate is 5 million germinating seeds per
hectare. The objects of the research were seven winter soft
wheat cultivars of Krasnodar Agricultural Research Institute
selection. We studied winter wheat cultivars with different
combination of biological characteristics and predecessors.
This combination is contributed to the yield growing
from 4,26-5,82 t / ha up to 6,97-7,2 4,26-5,82 t / ha
with the payment of one kilogram of active fertilizer substance with the output of grain within 8,52-12,0kg
EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATION OF DIFFERENT WINTER WHEAT CULTIVARS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WEST CAUCASUS
The influence of the crop rotation type, predecessor and different doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield of two winter wheat cultivars (Lira and Krasnodar 99) was investigated. The investigations were carried out in the North-Kuban Agricultural Experiment Station in two five-crops: grain tillage and grain - grass tillage rotation of prolonged stationary experience. The soil is the black soil, low in humus, powerful, with humus content, depending on the power of nutrition backgrounds in the arable (0-30sm) soil layer is 3,95-4,00%, of mineral nitrogen is 5,9-8,3 mg / kg of soil, of exchangeable potassium is 330-360 mg / kg of soil. It was found that the maximum value of the winter wheat crop structure elements is noticed in the fertilizer systems with complete mineral fertilizer, and the minimum value - with PK and NK. Winter wheat yield depends on the crop rotation of 8-15%; from its predecessor - 15-18% and 27-31% of the fertilizer. Grain quality was generally determined by the dose of fertilizer. High and higher doses of fertilizers contributed to the protein content from 11.7 to 12.3% and fibrin content - 23,5-24,0%. A strong correlation between yield and agronomic methods was determined
The approach to subsystem projecting of management and controlling of efficiency of enterprise and labor productivity, the mechanisms of managing and controlling tools realized under conditions of forming innovative economics is described. The article may be useful for economists, managers, specialists who are interested in management and controlling
In recent years leaf tan spot had dominated into
pathogenic complex of wheat in southern Russia. The
causative agent of this disease is hemibiotrophic
ascomycete Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.)
Drechsler; imperfect state of Drechslera triticirepentis
(Died) Shoem. It causes two different
symptoms in susceptible wheat varieties: chlorosis and
necrosis. Under epiphytotic disease progression crop
losses can achieve 65%. One of the most important
elements of phytosanitary control of wheat cenosis is
scientifically relevant chemical fungicides application.
Biological efficiency of some fungicides against
Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has been estimated.
Research was conducted on the experimental ground
of FSBSI ARRIBPP on the variety susceptible to the
pathogen – Krasnodarskaya 99. Preparations were
tested one time at leaf-tube formation (Z37) phase or
two times: at leaf-tube formation (Z37) and start of
heading (Z51) stages. Double treatment was more
effective than a single one. Fungicides “Amistar extra”
and “Prozaro” have got the high biological efficiency
– 80,7 and 83,7%, consequently, and longer protective
period (up to 40 days) in comparison to every tested
fungicides
One of the most important state tasks in the world is the production of grain in the most profitable way. The use of biological products in the cultivation of grain is very important in our time. Identification of the effectiveness of the use of biological products will allow enterprises growing winter wheat to determine the need for their use. The study was conducted in 2015-2018 in the field areas of the peasant farm called "Yurchenko", located in the Alexanderovsky district of the Stavropol region, in the area of unstable moisture on dark chestnut soils. Winter wheat is cultivated using biological products on the farm, using biopreparation Vimpel with drugs of fungicidal action of Alirin B and Alirin C - 522 plants per 1m2. The use of biological products of fungicidal action allowed to reduce the activity of fungal diseases, and Vimpel biopreparation increased plant nutrition. After that, this processing scheme allowed to obtain a higher mass of grains in the ear -1.01 g, which contributed to a higher yield. The processing plan of Vimpel and biological product a biological product of fungicidal activity Gliocladium is slightly lower than Vimpel + Alirin B + Alirin With, the number of productive stems before harvesting – 518 plants per m2 and weight of grains - 1.0 g. The study used field and laboratory methods. Cultivation of winter wheat using biological products is unprofitable in comparison with the control. Despite the increase in the yield and quality of grain, the cost of production is much higher than in the control sowing, which is due to the high cost of drugs and additional costs for their use
The aim of the following research is the studying of the efficacy in probiotic drug Probiolact (0.5% and 1.0%) usage, being in combination with Milkshake supplement. The given complex mixture is meant for medicative-phylactic purposes focused on the reduction of young ones death rate owing to gastro – intestinal diseases when neo-natal period. It is specified that the above-mentioned mixture affects the livestock indices. Thus, the average growth of baseline for the period of 30 days experimenting has been 7.4 kg, whereas in 2 tested groups it accounted for 10.3 kg and 11.6 kg, consequently. Therefore, the best possible daily phylactic doze of Probiolact (1%) and Milkshake mixture demonstrates the positive effect on the pro-cess of bifido- and lactoflora formation in calves’ intestinal tract due to normal flora cells quantity increase. With that, intestinal tract contamination level of disease-producing flora gets lower, and the natural resistance of cell-mediated immunity grows. Thus, two major problems of factory farming (i.e. the reduction of young death rate and surplus guarantee) can be solved with giving calves the mixture to drink, along with the first portions of colostrum, and during the following 30 days
The experiment has examined the effect of various agricultural technologies on the yield of winter wheat, depending on the factors studied. The studies were conducted at the experimental station of the Kuban State Agrarian University under the conditions of multifactor multi-year monitoring. The experiment was carried out in a typical for the zone 11-field grain-grass-tilled crop rotation. In this paper, we considered some of the elements of the winter wheat cultivation technology, the Brigade variety using different doses of fertilizers (N50P50K120 and N100P100K240) on four tillage options (plowing, chisel loosening, disc peeling and zero tillage). On the basis of the conducted research, it has been established that in order to obtain a stable harvest of winter wheat grain, higher doses of mineral fertilizers should be applied, which also ensures high indicators of grain quality. The considered agrotechnical methods led to a positive change in crop structure and grain quality
In the article we have presented the results of the researches on influence of the ways of main soil tillage and sowing on the water regime agrophyto-cenosis and productivity of maize hybrids of differ-ent maturity classes
The article considers the questions of agrarian policy facing economy of developed countries. The aspects of ensuring the quality of production, the goods and services, the competitiveness of production, the organization, the region and the branch are noted
In article the review of results formation productivity as well as features bioenergetic and economic efficiency cultivation of mid-season hybrid of corn Valentin depending on the variant of primary tillage (in common Harnes with Luvaram and Titus with Harmony) under conditions of sufficient moisture zone of the Central Ciscaucasia is given.