The article gives the results of the study of an effect of
mechanochemical powder of wood green of Abies
(MPA) on potato morphogenesis in vitro. The study
involved the hormone-free nutrient mediums (MS, ½
B5, ½ LS) for growing microcuttings from preliminary
obtained aseptic plants. Plant morphogenesis was
observed on the 15th and 30th days. At that, the number
of developed shoots, plant height, leaves number,
rhizogenesis rates, root number and length were
estimated. MPA appeared to have the regulatory effect
on morphogenesis of potato microcuttings. Based on mineral composition of the nutrient agar medium for
potato microcuttings growing, MPA at 100 mg/l
concentration induced root development (½ B5
medium), reduced height of shoots (MS medium),
while the number of leaf blades was not affected
In the course of the work, 33 ISSR markers were
evaluated for efficacy in the detection of genetic changes
in regenerants of Galanthus woronowii Losinsk.. Ten
markers were found suitable for genotyping according to
the species under study. Five samples from the selected
ten were analyzed for a sample of 20 plants of
regenerants and a mother plant. The obtained data testify
to genetic stability of plant material in the process of
microclonal propagation
Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed
crops, which are of great economic importance in
Russia and in the world. It is very adaptive crop
in terms of climatic conditions range, for that
reason it is cultivated on a vast territory of the
Russian Federation in various weather conditions.
Sunflower oil has high nutritional and taste
qualities, it is used numerously in food and is
applied in various fields of food industry. The
biologically active linoleic acid, phosphatides and
fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, which are of
great nutritional value to humans, are contained in
the oil. According to its calorific capacity,
sunflower oil is on the first place among
vegetable oils. Due to biological characteristics of
sunflower, the Krasnodar region is the most
favorable region of the Russian Federation for
obtaining high and stable yields of this crop.
However, here the drought is observed during the
summer period and it affects adversely the
productivity and quality of sunflower seeds. The
increasing of resistance to unfavorable weather conditions is possible only based on detailed
study of physiological features of productivity
formation and seeds quality that is highly
important task in view of the current geopolitical
situation in Russia. One way of solving this issue
is the appliance of the growth regulators,
possessing anti-stress activity that improve the
quality of sowing seeds and increase the
productivity and plant resistance to stressful
environmental factors. These drugs include
growth regulator called Furolan, which was
created in KubGTU and is certified for use in
Russia. It is not toxic and is used in nano-dozes,
there is no its residual quantities in the products
and environment. Furolan has a positive effect on
physiological and biochemical processes,
improves the productivity of plants, their
resistance to unfavorable growing conditions by
increasing the resistance to dehydration as well as
to the risk of fungal diseases
The work presents the results of studies on the
influence of the foliar spraying of white grapes of the
technical sort of ‘Chardonnay’ with new water-soluble
fertilizers: Nutrivant plus vinograd, Kelik potassiumsilicon,
Atlanta plus and microelements in chelated
form - Kelkat boron, Kelkat manganese and Kelkat
zinc, on its agro biological and technological
indicators. The field experiment was performed in the
AF Close Joint-Stock company "Primorsk" in
Temryuk District. The diagram of the experiment
consisted of five options: without treatment (control);
Nutrivant plus vinograd - 1 kg / ha; Kelik potassium
silicon - 3 kg / ha; Atlanta plus - 2 kg / ha; a set of
microelements - Kelkat boron, manganese and Kelkat
Kelkat zinc 660 g / ha each. It was established that the
foliar spraying with these fertilizers contributes to a
more intensive accumulation of sugar in the juice of
berries and to the acceleration of the harvest ageing.
Furthermore, the productiveness of shoots has been
increased, as it is shown in a greater number of
inflorescences, and sometimes, the average bunch
weight increases. All this contributes to a significant
increase in a yield from a bush and to a crop yield. The
highest content of chlorophyll (a + b), carotinoid and
the amount of pigment were observed in cases of
"Atlant plus" and "Kelik potassium-silicon," where the
highest sugar was contained in the berries. Foliar
spraying of grapes with the complex of microelements
and also Nutrivant plus and Atlanta plus contributed to
the improving of the quality of wine, as evidenced by
the data of the tasting degustation. The highest mark
was provided by the foliar spraying of bushes using
the complex of microelements
The roots of scientific knowledge on soil go into antiquity
and are connected with the development of
land management. A human had knowledge about
soil as a friable layer of Earth, which was a subject o
land management treatment until the time there were
occurred the problems of shortage of arable lands,
hunger and decrease of fertility, which caused the
necessity of obtaining of more produce with less arable
lands. The development of soil science was required
for solving of these practical tasks. In postwar
period there were carried out the large researches
in the field of plant nutrition and application of fertilizers.
For this period the active study of organic
properties of soil occurred. The Dokuchaev’s study
on genetic types of soil was the tuning point in the
development of problems of soil classification. The
further development of problems of soil classification
were made on the basis of set genetic positions, thus
the various approaches lighting the different parties
of a classification problem took place. The soil fertility
in force of its important functions for a long
time is not only as an agronomic category but also as
a social, economic, philosophic, and at the last time –
ecological one. The modern understanding of function
of fertility is reached with the help of mathematical
modeling. First, it is necessary clearly to present
the aggregate factors of fertility and their interaction
between them and external factors
The article reveals luteolin-7-glucoside accumulation
in the overground part of Veronica incana L. It
assesses resource potential of V. incana depending on
the phytocenotic conditions of coenopopulations
growing in Central Yakutia. Collection of the material
was carried out during V. incana flowering in 7
coenopopulations and in the collection of the Yakut
Botanical Garden. Analysis of flavonoids content was
performed by HPLC method. The high levels of
flavonoids content in the biomass of generative plants
marked in coenopopulations that are in optimal
conditions, and the lowest - in coenopopulations
experiencing strong anthropogenic influence. In
addition, one of the factors reducing the content of
flavonoids in plants is low light intensity in habitat.
The highest resource potential on the luteolin-7-
glucoside observed in biomass V. incana, growing in
fescue grassland steppe and culture
The review examines research unusual properties of
RNA. RNA has the ability to act as both genes and
enzymes (ribozymes). This property could offer a
way around the «chicken-and-egg» problem: genes
require enzymes; enzymes require genes.
Furthermore, RNA can be transcribed into DNA, in
reverse of the normal process of transcription. These
facts are reasons to consider that the RNA world
could be the original pathway to cells. The general
notion of an «RNA World» is that, in the early
development of life on the Earth, genetic continuity
was assured by the replication of RNA and
genetically encoded proteins were not involved as
catalysts. There is now strong evidence indicating
that an RNA World did indeed exist before DNAand
protein-based life. RNA has multiple functions.
Among these, "messenger RNA" carries genetic
information from DNA to protein formation. RNA is
often a single-stranded spiral, but also exists in
double-stranded form. In 1998, Craig Mello and
Andrew Fire discovered through their studies of the
roundworm C. elegans a phenomenon dubbed "RNA
interference". In this phenomenon, double-stranded
RNA blocks messenger RNA so that certain genetic
information is not converted during protein
formation. This "silences" these genes, i.e. renders
them inactive. The phenomenon plays an important
regulatory role within a genome. Recent years have
been perhaps the most fruitful period yet in terms of
research in the area of mRNA stability (Phenomena:
Gene Silencing; RNA interference; Identity of
mRNA decay in vivo and in vitro). The elaboration
of new methods in biothechnology have been
presented
The differential stability of mRNA is an important
mechanism for posttranscriptional regulation of gene
expression in eukaryotes. Messenger RNA stability is
controlled by specific genes and growth conditions.
The review examines the theoretical possibility of
mRNA stabilization in vivo as a consequence of
replacing carbon atoms (C) or phosphorus (P),
composed of nucleic acid on the silicon (Si) atom.
During isolation of poly-(A)+mRNA from plant
tissues by the two-cycle affinity chromatography on
poly-(U)-Sepharose, regular changes in poly-
(A)++mRNA yield were observed. The changes
varied both with the plant genotype and growth
conditions. Celite treatment of heated and unheated
total RNA preparations from developing corn kernels
and from green and etiolated wheat seedlings.
Messenger RNA that differed in the length of poly-
(A)-sequences was used for hybridization. It is
evident that a reduction of poly-(A)-length causes
alterations in spatial structure of mRNA, and
associated proteins and cations Mg++ become
accessible to celite absorption. Heating promotes
melting of secondary structure, already initiated, and
increases the efficiency of mRNA stabilization by
celite. Interpreting the facts interact celite with mRNA
in vitro and stabilization of mRNA in vivo by
cycloheximide with a modern point of view can be considered with the position research of the
phenomenon of RNA interference
The article deals with the problem of eliminating
environmental pollution by oil-contaminated waste. It's
suggested modern ways of improving technologies for
oily waste utilization. The comparative characteristic
of the essence, advantages and disadvantages,
effectiveness of ways of waste recycling is described.
The basic utilization technologies of oil sludge of
various origins are emphasized taking into account the
aspects of their composition and properties. It's
represented the results of a patent search in this area to
ensure a high level of new developments. It's
characterized the developed technologies for
utilization and recycling of oily waste to produce
environmentally products of utilization – organic and
mineral additives which are suitable for use as
secondary material resources
The work was done in the research laboratory of the
department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and
Biophysics of Kuban State Agrarian University, the
aim of which was to select the most appropriate
nutrient medium for maximum growth of lactic acid
microorganism growth. The object of the study was its
own microflora of gastrointestinal tract of quails ‒
Lactobacillus agilis, Lactobacillus intermedius and
Lactobacillus salivarius. As a nutrient substrate there
were used 4 of the nutrient media: the medium for
lactic acid bacteria (city Uglich), the melasse-autolysis
medium, the glucose-peptone medium and the MRS.
During the cultivation of the microflora of the variable
parameters were the time and temperature of
cultivation. During the cultivation of microflora the
time and the temperature of growing were the variable
parameters. In the process of growing there was
carried out the analysis of dynamics of consumption of
reducing substances and titers of microorganisms. According to the results of growing of microbial
cultures there was revealed the active consumption of
carbon substrate in used variants of nutrient media,
and it was found that there was observed the maximum
of cells to 24 h of cultivation. On the basis of carried
out results of cultivation on different media and at
different parameters there was determined that the
most titer of cells was reached to 24 h at the
temperature 38,0 °С on the melasse-autolysis medium.
So, the melasse-autolysis medium can be
recommended in production conditions as the cheaper
substrate at the further development of biological
preparations for poultry breeding