To study the effect of pumpkin flour on the
physical and chemical parameters of semi-finished
and finished products, 10, 15, 20 % of the weight
of wheat flour in the dough was incorporated to the
dough mass. As a result of the research and the
analysis of wafers with different PF dosages, the
dosage of 15 % pumpkin seed flour from the wheat
flour mass in the dough was accepted as the
optimum one. After selecting the optimum dosage,
the experiment on identifying the dependence of
dough viscosity on the shear rate was carried out.
The samples were taken without adding PF into
dough and with adding PF for 15% from the
weight of the flour in the dough. The results
showed that the viscosity of the control dough
sample was higher than that with 15% of flour
from pumpkin seeds. This is due to the general
decrease of the amount of swellable proteins in the
dough due to the incorporation of PF. Thus, we can
conclude that the introduction of the investigated
additive into the wafer dough does not obstruct
dosing the semifinished product into the wafer
moulds. The analysis of the obtained data as a
result of the research work has shown that
incorporating pumpkin seeds flour into the recipe
of wafers is expedient both in terms of enriching
the product with proteins, fats and biologically
active substances and in terms of improving the
process in the production
Development of confectionery sunflower openpollinated
varieties (OP-varieties) is a prospect
direction in sunflower breeding. High price level
for confectionery sunflower seeds pushes forward
the breeding program. Contrary, it is necessary to
offer product, meeting consumer’s expectation for
large seeds, good dehulling rate, proper oil and
husk content. The aim of our work is to study
morphometric peculiarities of seed structure for
sunflower OP-varieties of different types – oil and
confectionery, and to identify the best samples for
using in the breeding program as an initial material.
The study was done at All-Russia Oil Crops
Research Institute (VNIIMK) named by V.S.
Pustovoit (Krasnodar) in 2014 and 2015. Seeds of
6 OP sunflower varieties of VNIIMK breeding
were used as a material (confectionery type –
Dzhinn, SPK, Lakomka, Oreshek, Borodinskiy and
oil-type – Muster). OP-varieties were sown by
randomized blocks with 3 replications. Every plot
had 4 rows. It was shown that seeds of
confectionery sunflower OP-varieties had higher
values of main traits (length, width and thickness)
in comparison with oil-type sunflower. Seed traits
analyses allowed identifying the best confectionery
samples (Dzhinn and Oreshek) for future breeding
There are given the results of long-term research of different forms of soil nitrogen content and their relationships with the content of total nitrogen in leaves and yield. It was detected a strong positive correlation among them hydrolyzable nitrogen content in the soil and total nitrogen content in the leaves and yield. It is proposed the use of this index for diagnostic of soil nitrogen supply
We have studied survival and regeneration rate of raspberries and blackberries buds when introducing into cultivation in vitro during October. The rate was significantly higher for buds taken in October than that for ones taken in February. At the first stage of
micropropagation, for the most of studied varieties of raspberries, cultivation on nutrient medium contained BAP (0.5 mg/l) and GA (0.2 mg/l) was most successful; for blackberries, increasing concentration of hormones (BAP to 1.0 mg/l and GA to 0.5 mg/l) was better
The article presents three-year data on the influence of different fertilization systems and predecessors (corn for silage and peas) of winter wheat in the rotation on the dynamics of content in the 0-20 cm layer of black leached soil of mineral nitrogen, of available phosphorus, of potassium, and yield of winter wheat. The materials presented in this article indicate that, regardless of its predecessor in all phases of plant development, the under study fertilizer systems significantly increased the content of mineral nitrogen on the indicators of natural agrochemical background on 1,1-29,3 mg/kg; maximum contents was registered in the settlement system of fertilizer. After a seeded fallow predecessor the fertilizer systems significantly increased the content of available phosphorus in the soil at 1,5-16,6 mg/kg and exchangeable potassium in the 6-57 mg/kg. The maximum indices of both indicators were observed in the settlement system of fertilizer. Analyzed fertilizer systems contributed to a significant increase in wheat yield relatively to control 0,82-2,24 t/ha on a busy couple 0,74-1,6 t/ha for maize silage, 1,44-2,42 t/ha peas. Maximum productivity of winter wheat in the experiment was fixed at the fertilizer system after a busy couple, and was 6,19 t/ha
The results of three-year research of “Nota” winter wheat variety growing techniques intensification influ-ence on mineral nitrogen dynamics in soil, according to vegetation periods, predecessor being corn, are pre-sented
The influence of protective coatings on quantitative
loss of garlic was investigated at its warm) and cold
storage under various conditions of relative humidity.
The following varieties of garlic people's selection
were studied: winter varieties – Tian Shansky, Otradnensky;
spring varieties – Sochinsky and Iglinsky Local.
Paraffin-ceresin composition (PK-1) was first proposed
as a protective hydrophobic coating of garlic
bulbs and its combination was scientifically based (the
main component is paraffin, plasticizer is Ceresin C-65
and surface-active supplement is a fraction of synthetic
fatty acids). Physical and mechanical performance
properties of PK-1: melting temperature 58 C; resistance
at 20 C 1,0 МПа; volumetric shrinkage 15%;
plasticity 0,5·10-4 1/МПа; water vapour permeability
6,5g/m2
per day.Waterproof properties of hydrophobic
protective coatings (paraffin-ceresin PK-1, alloy of
paraffin with beewax PК-4, paraffin without supplements
P) were compared with hydrophilic water solution
of polyvinyl alcohol PWS-5. According to the
increase of the moisture-proof properties, the investigated
coatings form the following series: P. PWS -5,
PК-4, PК-1. The maximum efficiency of garlic storage
under various temperature conditions and relative air
humidity was achieved when using a protection film of
PК-1. Compared with control (without coating) PК-1
reduced moisture loss in garlic bulbs for 3-13 times
depending on the variety, and storage duration of winter
garlic varieties increased for 2 times. Iglinsky Local
is the most moisture resistant of all the investigated
varieties, and Tian Shansky variety is less moisture
resistant
The article presents results of studying the oenology
and the biochemistry of the Cabernet-Sauvignon
grapes in different areas of the Krasnodar region -
Taman, Anapa, Abrau-Dyurso, Gelendzhik and
Krasnodar. The yields, the mechanical composition of
the grapes, the biochemical indicators of the juice of
berries were compared. The cultivation zone affects
the yield, the average mass of the bunch, the number
and mass of berries in the bunch, the mass of the crest,
but according to the percentage of berries and crest in
the bunch, the bunch structure (ratio of mass of berries
to mass of the ridge) does not significantly differ
between growing zones. The mass of 100 berries and
100 seeds, the weight of seeds in 100 berries, the
clustering index (the ratio of pulp with juice to peel)
can differ in different places of growth, but with
insignificant coefficients of variation. The composition
of the bunch as a percentage of the total mass varies
little over the growing zones: the ridges make up 5.6-
5.7%, the skin 4.9-5.2%, the seeds 4.8-4.9%, the pulp
with the juice - 84.3-84.5%. Structural and berry
indicators varied in the range of 5.4-5.5 and 76.84,
respectively. Depending on the place of cultivation, the
yield of the grape must in laboratory conditions was
75.1-75.7%. Analysis of the structure, composition and
the structure of bunches showed that the mechanical
composition of Cabernet-Sauvignon refers to the first
group of varieties that retain their valuable
characteristics when changing the growing conditions.
When harvesting, the mass concentration of sugars was
19-19.8%, titrated acidity - 8.1-9.2 g / dm3, pH - 3.3-
3.4. Depending on the place of cultivation of the
content of organic acids in the juice of berries was:
wine - 4917-5918 mg / dm3, apple - 1926-2763, lemon
- 215-416 mg / dm3. In different places of cultivation
in% of the total amount of organic acids studied, the
content of tartaric acid varied from 61.7 to 71.4%,
apple - from 24.7 to 33.3%, lemon - from 3 to 5%.
Thus, the content of organic acids in the juice of
Cabernet-Sauvignon berries depends on the specific
growing conditions. Depending on the growing places,
the mass concentration of potassium cations is 2630-3508 mg / dm3, sodium 162-436, magnesium 171-230,
calcium 185-255 mg / dm3. However, in most cases,
as a percentage of the total cation content, there are no
differences depending on the site of growth. Thus, the
biochemical parameters of the juice of CabernetSauvignon
berries depend on the specific natural
conditions of the terrain and, according to these
parameters, the variety belongs to the second group of
varieties with less plasticity to different growing
conditions
Great practical and theoretical interest comes with a study of the transformation of calcium agrobiogeochemical in agro-ecosystems. The basis of the stability of the soil, as an element of the structure and functioning of the biosphere, constitutes historically approved biochemical cycles and flows of matter and energy, which remain unchanged under anthropogenic impact. Comparative analysis of the total content of calcium leached black soil allowed us to establish its decline after three rotations of grain and grass-tilled crop rotation. Without the use of fertilizers its reduction from baseline was 5.25% in the layer 0-20 cm and 3.87% in the 20-40 cm layer, with their introduction - 9.14 and 9.35%, respectively. This trend suggests a decrease in calcium reserves in the root zone of leached black soil in its agricultural use; this process is more active when using mineral fertilizers. This is obviously due to a large outflow of elements in the fertilizer background with harvest crops, and partly due to the influence of mineral fertilizers as chemical reagents on mineral soils, resulting in the release of calcium and moving it into the lower soil horizons. Along with the total content of calcium and its forms, we have analyzed the activity of calcium ions and calcium potential
The article contains information about landscape architecture analysis of the cities, its methodology and an example of using of this approach on the part of the Red Line touristic rote in Yekaterinburg. Analysis process included counting of ratio of built-up areas, landscaping and roads, and examination of the street transvers profile with further filling of local landscape passports. As the object of study, the part of route between the opera and ballet theatre and the monument of V. Vysotsky and M. Vlady. Here is noticeable contrast between environmental characteristics of stopping point areas. The site around the theatre has enough quantity of landscaping, good compositional solution, well developed path network. The intermediate part of the route passing by Krasnoarmeyskaya st. has asymmetric shape of the transvers profile. The street landscaped on East side but public services on the opposite side not improved – homogeneous facade creates adverse visual field here. A sidewalk on the East part of the street duplicated with a path in a garden. Analyzed zone around the second point has no single composition, high traffic influence level. Landscaping almost not presented here, varied advertising constructions widely installed. For improve environment, developed a list of recommendations. It contain using of container plants to separate pedestrian area; reconstruction of the East part of Krasnoarmeyskaya st. with replace sidewalk for green hedge; repair or replacement of sidewalk asphalt pavement on the West side of the street; reconstruction of area near the Antey business-center with creating greened dividing line