The article shows the role of famous scientists, academician Ivan T. Trubilin and professor Viktor V. Eroshkin in the organization of agricultural science in our region who have shown outstanding leaders of the largest agricultural University in the country, managed to organize and direct the work of a large group on the improvement of quality of preparation of specialists of agriculture, the solution of urgent scientific problems of the agroindustrial complex development. Under the leadership of the rector Ivan Trubilin, the science in the Kuban State Agrarian University (KubSAU ) has risen to a new level. The research was conducted on the plan of scientific-research work of University, Federal and regional scientific and technical programs. In their implementation, there were involved professors, teachers, researchers, doctoral students, post-graduate students. His scientific works and research on the development of scientific problems to improve economic efficiency and organizational forms of agricultural production are being continued and developed by the scientists of KubSAU. For many years, V. Eroshkin as a brilliant scientist worked together with academician I. Trubilin like his companion and the assistant in science. He has published more than 100 scientific works. The most important ones were: "Economic efficiency of oilseeds cultivation ", "Oilseeds in virgin areas", "Сalculation of crops acreage on the bases of perspective plan for the development of collective farms", "Principles of labor scientific organization", "Intensive tractors use and lowering work technical cost in collective farms". Under his leadership, dozens of dissertations were approved. His lectures were always marked with originality and accessibility and his ideas were easily perceived by students. All who knew and worked together with academician I. Trubilin and professor V. Eroshkin, will always remain these dedicated scientists, who were strictly following the principles of academic science
The article substantiates a necessity to apply the
method of interspecific hybridization in durum
winter wheat breeding, using the present soft winter
varieties for improvement of frost and drought
tolerance at the beginning of germination; resistance
to snow mold, fusariosis and bacteriosis of
ears and grain. The article presents the results of a
comparative study of different types of crossbreeding
at interspecific and intraspecific hybridization
due to germination, emergence, productivity. It has
been shown that intraspecific hybrids ‘T. durum
оз. х T. durum оз.’, interspecific hybrids ‘T. durum
оз. х Т. аestivum оз’ and ‘Т. аestivum оз. х
T. durum оз.’ possessed the highest germination
and emergence with 71,8/75,3% for direct and
60,4/82,5% for backward, 42,8 and 35,5% and
55,4 and 64,1% respectively. In backward (triplecross)
cross-breeding of F1 interspecific hybrids
with durum winter wheat the grain germination
was down to 37,4 and 36,6%, but the emergence
was up to 64,1 and 69,7% and reached the level of
intraspecific hybrids. According to the elements of
ear (head) productivity (grain mass per head, number
of seeds per head), interspecific double-cross
hybrids of the first and the second generation significantly
conceded to intraspecific hybrids, but
they matched them in a number of spikelets and
grain size. The triple-cross hybrids exceed the
double interspecific hybrids in this respect, but
they concede to double-cross and triple-cross intraspecific
hybrids. We studied the principle of splitting of interspecific hybrids of the second
generation ‘T. durum оз. х Т. аestivum оз.’ and
‘T. durum оз. х T. durum оз.’ (direct and backward)
and the triple-cross hybrids obtained from
cross-breeding of interspecific and intraspecific
double-cross hybrids F1 with durum winter wheat
The purpose of the researches was the necessity of
deep study of hydraulic dimensionless expense
descriptions of regulative organ of model standard of
band regulator of water, for rice checks. Rice is one
of the most moisture-loving agricultural cultures. Its
productivity straightly depends on adjusting of water
level in rice cotter pins on the different periods of
development of this culture: period of primary
submergence of check, fight against weeds, primary
vegetation, phases of bushing out, vegetations of
suckling and cereous ripeness. On each of the
considered periods of development of plant the
guided water level is needed, that high-quality can be
realized only at application of the systems of
automatic control. In rice irrigation systems there is
plenty enough of losses of water due to not managed
leakage in regulator flow and water level in the
closed position. An actual and meaningful task is
development, research and introduction in practice of
reliable and high-efficiency regulators expense and
water level for rice checks. The article presents
results of research of hydraulic dimensionless
expense descriptions of regulative organ of model
standard, developed by us. Intercommunication of
degree of influence is investigational, on the basis of
application of methods of planning of experiment, on
the function of response, which dimensionless
expense description of regulative organ of model
standard of band regulator of water, relations of
diameters of the downlow openings, is taken for, at
the different relation of workers pressures. From
appraised experimental data approximation
dependences, which were in same queue analysed for
the purpose cross-correlation connection,
determination, elasticity, are built. Also, in the article
there is an estimation of statistical meaningfulness of
the built model of regression given with the use of
criterion of F - Fishera and parameters of
equalization of regression with the use of criterion of
t - St'yudenta, at the set level of meaningfulness α. At
the permanent relations of workers pressures the
analysis of sections of surface of response H/Нmax
0,6; 0,8; 1,0 shows that functions have extremums on a maximum. At minimum relations of workers
pressures H/Нmax equal 0,6 the maximal value of
function of response is equal 81% it will be at the
relation of diameters of the downlow openings of
d/dmax equal 0,9. With the increase of relation of
workers pressures H/Нmax to 0,8 have a trend of
maximum toward an increase and here he comes at
the value of function of response equal 94% and
relation of diameters of the downlow openings of
d/dmax equal 0,92. Further increase of relation of
workers pressures of H/Нmax to 1,0 also results in
the trend of a maximum of function of response
which arrives at a value 118%, here the relation of
diameters of the downlow openings of d/dmax is
equal to 0,94. The combined analysis of curves
shows that at any relation of workers pressures, the
degree of influence on the function of response
increases due to more relation of diameters of the
downlow openings
In January 2015, at the Vineyard and ZAO "Pobeda" in Temryuk District of the Krasnodar region, the thermometer dropped to minus 21,6 C, which resulted in significant damage to the central wintering buds. The article presents a method of determining the degree of damage of wintering buds. Based on the results of inspection of variety by sections divided into 3 groups.
Group 1: saved between 40 and 72% central. This group includes the following 7 varieties : Pervenets Magaracha (uch. 64) Gibernal (uch. 74/3), Viorica (uch. 77), Riton (uch. 66), Riesling (uch. 82), Traminer (uch. 73/2), Chardonnay (uch. 73/3). Cutting of bushes should be carried out by the usual way. The task of cutting - compensate the loss of crops due to leaving the greater load. Group 2: Central buds was damaged nearly 70-85%, saved from 20 to 35% of replacement buds. This group includes Merlot (uch. 83), Tsitronyy Magaracha (uch. 69), Augustine (uch. 66), Saperavi (uch. 79), Chardonnay (uch. 74/1), Muscat white (uch. 73) Cabernet Sauvignon (uch. 80). During cutting should be left as much as possible of annual shoots and well-developed secondary shoots. Group 3: damaged more than 85% of central buds, replacement buds significantly damaged . To this group assigned Saperavi (uch. 80), Pinot blanc (uch. 74), Merlot (uch. 80/2), Moldova (uch. 70), Chardonnay (uch. 68), Moldova (uch. 22) Kaberne- Sauvignon (uch. 68), Moldova (uch. 38), Arkadia (uch. 78), Tsimlyansky black (uch. 68). Pre-cutting consists in removing all clearly dead and unusable parts of the bush (dried vines, stumps, annual shoots) that will accelerate the development of shoots from the angular buds and resting buds. Considering the high plasticity of grape plants, can not only in accelerated way to restore the crown of bushes damaged by frost, but also get a crop in the current year, using special methods of agricultural technology
The article has scientifically substantiated and experimentally
proved high efficacy of using sorghum grain
and chickpea grain in the diets of cows of Ayrshire
breed. It has also shown their influence on the productivity,
digestibility and utilization of nutrients of diets
The research about effectiveness of ammonium
nitrate with sowing and in phase of corn 5-6 leaves and row spacing cultivation before straw mulching was done in 2011-2013. The scheme of trial
included the variants with straw mulching and
without it. The variants without fertilizers and with small doses of them on background without mulching gave higher yield of cobs milk maturity then with mulching. But variants with maximum fertilizers (with sowing N30 and in phase of corn 5-6 leaves N30) gave maximum yield of cobs milk maturity 16,4 t/ha that is higher then similar variant without mulching for 1,7 t/ha. These results were confirmed by analysis of characters of growth and development of corn plants, productivity, and economic effectiveness. Therefore, net profit on variant with fertilizers with sowing N30 and additional fertilizing N30 on background of straw mulching increased for 75490 rubles for 1 ha in comparison with similar variant without mulching. The profitability on the best variant was 335 %
The article presents the results of the study to
determine changes in indicators of fertility in typical
Chernozem of the Belgorod region and the
productivity of winter wheat using different
agricultural technologies, including elements of
biologization
Peculiarities of breeding oidium-resistant genotypes in
crossing Crimea autochthonous grape varieties with
complex interspecific hybrids were studied. Twentytwo
populations consisting of 1323 seedlings were
analyzed over a period of 2008-2014. The highest
oidium resistance was registered in the progeny of the
cross Khersonesskii х ЖС 26-205 (6.8 points), and the
average estimate of oidium resistance across all the
study populations was higher than that of the initial
autochthonous grapes of the Crimea. The level of
hypothetical heterosis in the majority of the study
populations indicates that, on the whole, the hybrid
seedlings possess a higher oidium resistance relative to
the initial Crimea autochthonous grapes. The highest
breeding value was associated with cross combinations
having the complex interspecific hybrids Muscat JIM,
Spartanets Magaracha and Magarach 31-77-10 in their
pedigrees. The cross combination Muscat JIM х
Shabash was the most efficient, yielding 10.7 per cent
of oidium-resistant seedlings. It was reliably
established that a high level of the genotypically determined inheritance of oidium resistance is found
in crosses with the participation of the interspecific
forms Magarach № 31-77-10 and Muscat JIM (female
parents) and Spartanets Magaracha and Tsitronnyi
Magaracha (male parents). The expediency of this
direction of breeding research was proved
Biochemical quantitative and qualitative indices of pear fruit have been investigated in six varieties of pears grown in Prikybanskoy horticultural zone of the Krasnodar region. The investigation has been done with pear fruit in the stage of maturity for harvesting
and after 90 days after storage in refrigerator. Quantitative content of dry matter, sugars, vitamins C and P and fraction pectin content in fruits and squeezing of fruits as well as changes in the process of storage have been established
The modern requirements of intergovernmental
standards to the quality and safety of livestock
produce provide for the use of highly productive
animals capable under small expenses to produce
more the high quality produce. In particular, at the
formation of meat productivity at pigs the great
significance has an achievement of optimal digestion
and assimilability of consumed fodder means. In the
connection, the study of digestion of meat and bone
meal from slaughterhouse wastes of cattle (MCM)
and poultry (MCBM) presents the scientific interest.
In the fodder experience on the growing pigs with the
fistula of iliac intestines there was investigated the
digestion of two types of meat and bone meal from
slaughterhouse wastes of cattle (MCM) and poultry
(MKBM). The iliac accessibility of amino acids of
meat and bone meal found itself too low: 49,3 % -
69,3 %. The accessibility of general protein reliably
did not differ from the average accessibility on main
amino acids - 61,5 %. To count the real iliac
accessibility of raw protein and amino acids of meat
and bone meal there was determined an endogenous
emission of these substances on the casein diet. The
real iliac accessibility of protein and individual amino
acids did not leave the limits in 73% on МCM and
69% - on МCBМ. The accessibility of lysine, leucine
and isoleucine MCBM is reliably higher than the
same in MCM (P