Hereby we present the results of the research devoted
to study of influence of growth modulator called
melaphen on the technical brand of gapes such as
Sovinion White and its agro-biological characteristics.
The research was conducted in 2014-2015 using
fruitful grape Sovinion White of 2004 planting as a
subject in agro farm “Yuzhnaya” of Temruk in the
Krasnodar Region. Melaphen is a type of melamine
salt of bioximethilphosphin acid. It evokes complex
influence on the energetic complex of vegetation cell
in all three stages of vegetation. The chemical was
applied mechanically by a tractor sprinkling. The
square of tested patch is 2 hectares. Melaphen usage
was 6,7 ml to 1 hectare . Norm of liquid applied was
700 liters to 1 hectare. Three times the chemical was
applied during vegetation: before blossoming, grape
growth phase (grapes the size of a pea) and before the
grapes ripen. As a result it was estimated that three times chemical application of melaphen to Sovinion
White in dose 1.
10-9 in period after blossoming of
grapes and before the grapes ripen led to more
saturated accumulation of sugar in juice of the grapes
and also to faster ripening and harvesting, larger mass
of grape bunch amount of harvesting from a bush.
Besides, in the tested option growing processes are
accelerated and pigmentation agents are accumulated
faster in the leaves and embryo infestation in winter
sleeping core is boosted at larger scale. Better harvest
quality leads to better wine materials quality.
Application of melaphen provides higher economical
efficiency
Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed
crops, which are of great economic importance in
Russia and in the world. It is very adaptive crop
in terms of climatic conditions range, for that
reason it is cultivated on a vast territory of the
Russian Federation in various weather conditions.
Sunflower oil has high nutritional and taste
qualities, it is used numerously in food and is
applied in various fields of food industry. The
biologically active linoleic acid, phosphatides and
fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, which are of
great nutritional value to humans, are contained in
the oil. According to its calorific capacity,
sunflower oil is on the first place among
vegetable oils. Due to biological characteristics of
sunflower, the Krasnodar region is the most
favorable region of the Russian Federation for
obtaining high and stable yields of this crop.
However, here the drought is observed during the
summer period and it affects adversely the
productivity and quality of sunflower seeds. The
increasing of resistance to unfavorable weather conditions is possible only based on detailed
study of physiological features of productivity
formation and seeds quality that is highly
important task in view of the current geopolitical
situation in Russia. One way of solving this issue
is the appliance of the growth regulators,
possessing anti-stress activity that improve the
quality of sowing seeds and increase the
productivity and plant resistance to stressful
environmental factors. These drugs include
growth regulator called Furolan, which was
created in KubGTU and is certified for use in
Russia. It is not toxic and is used in nano-dozes,
there is no its residual quantities in the products
and environment. Furolan has a positive effect on
physiological and biochemical processes,
improves the productivity of plants, their
resistance to unfavorable growing conditions by
increasing the resistance to dehydration as well as
to the risk of fungal diseases
Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed
crops, which are of great economic importance in
Russia and in the world. It is very adaptive crop
in terms of climatic conditions range, for that
reason it is cultivated on a vast territory of the
Russian Federation in various weather conditions.
Sunflower oil has high nutritional and taste
qualities, it is used numerously in food and is
applied in various fields of food industry. The
biologically active linoleic acid, phosphatides and
fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, which are of
great nutritional value to humans, are contained in
the oil. According to its calorific capacity,
sunflower oil is on the first place among
vegetable oils. Due to biological characteristics of
sunflower, the Krasnodar region is the most
favorable region of the Russian Federation for
obtaining high and stable yields of this crop.
However, here the drought is observed during the
summer period and it affects adversely the
productivity and quality of sunflower seeds. The
increasing of resistance to unfavorable weather conditions is possible only based on detailed
study of physiological features of productivity
formation and seeds quality that is highly
important task in view of the current geopolitical
situation in Russia. One way of solving this issue
is the appliance of the growth regulators,
possessing anti-stress activity that improve the
quality of sowing seeds and increase the
productivity and plant resistance to stressful
environmental factors. These drugs include
growth regulator called Furolan, which was
created in KubGTU and is certified for use in
Russia. It is not toxic and is used in nano-dozes,
there is no its residual quantities in the products
and environment. Furolan has a positive effect on
physiological and biochemical processes,
improves the productivity of plants, their
resistance to unfavorable growing conditions by
increasing the resistance to dehydration as well as
to the risk of fungal diseases
The work was done based on the collection of the
natural flora of the Yakut Botanical Garden. The
object of research was the seeds of 22 species of the
family Ranunculaceae. It is known that the seeds of
many buttercup characterized morphophysiological
tranquility associated with hypoplasia of the fetus
(Nikolaeva, 1988; 1999), due to what delayed the
germination of their seeds. Laboratory germination of
seeds of the studied species varies from 0 to 100%.
Among them, we have not found the kinds seeds
which have explosive or fast germination (1 type of
seed germination). The germination of the studied
seeds states ranging from 6-7 days or more. The
studied seeds were evenly distributed between 2 (12
species), and 3 types of seed germination (10 species).
Type 2 is characterized by slow germination, type 3 -
poor germination or lack of it
Were summed up of perennial introductory tests of the
representatives of the family Betulaceae S.F. Gray in
the Botanical Garden SFedU. The 33 species of this
family have been studied for a total. Evaluation of
winter hardiness of the family members showed that
the absolute resistance to the full range of factors
winter have representatives genus Betula, also Alnus
incana (L.) Moench and Corylus colurna L. Species of
the genus Betula and Corylus may be attributed to the
plants having a resistance to drought. The highly
drought-resistant species – Carpinus betulus L., C.
turczaninowii Hance, Alnus incana (L.) Moench and
Ostrya carpinifolia Scop. Less than drought-resistant –
Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. Most of the tested species
should be attributed to hemixerophytes. The high
degree of defeat by fungal diseases of the species
genera Alnus, Betula and Carpinus makes them
unsuitable for the regional culture. The causative agent
of the disease is a fungus Chondrostereum purpureum
(Pers.) Pouzar. Based on the totality ecological and
biological properties only species of the genus Corylus
remain promising for the culture. For introductory test
it is advisable to attract drought-tolerant species of the
family Betulaceae such as: Alnus barbata C.A. Mey.,
A. rubra Bong., A. rugosa (Du Roi) Spreng., Carpinus
cordata Blume, C. caucasica Grossh., C. caroliniana
Walter, C. orientalis Miller., C. tschonoskii Maxim.,
Betula insignis Franch., B. lanata (Regel) V.N. Vassil.,
B. luminifera H.J.P. Winkl., B. nikoensis Koidz., B.
forrestii Hand.-Mazz., B. utilis D. Don., Ostrya
virginiana K.Koch
The review examines the recent years’ data
pertaining to the interaction of plants with
nanoparticles of noble metals (gold and silver) and
with nanoparticles of magnesium as an element that
has a central role in the organization of the cellular
protein-synthesizing apparatus. Information is
presented about the effect of gold and silver
nanoparticles on plants and on possible nanoparticle
phytotoxicity. It is shown that magnesium
nanoparticles, as well as those of noble metals,
produce various effects on the growth and
productivity of plants, enabling the arsenal of
biologically active substances to be expanded.
Analysis is made of the involvement of magnesium
nanoparticles in cryobiological reaction of the
regular breakdown of plant RNA under conditions of ultra low temperatures, which is important not
only for the further developments of views of the
origin of life ob Earth but also for the purposes of
designing new markers for the analysis of the
biological peculiarities of agricultural crops on the
basis of studies of magnesium in the long-lived
RNA of their mature seeds. The presented critical
analysis of the literature data, which are often
incomplete and contradictory, suggest that a
coordinated research program is needed that would
detect correlation between particle parameters,
experimental design, and observed biological
effects
The problem of increasing resistance of winter
barley to adverse conditions of winter is the most
problem in the selection area of this crop. The main
component of this complex trait is the frost
resistance. Laboratory methods of assessment of
frost resistance are important for breeding of winter
barley. These methods can effectively replace more
costly method of direct freezing in the freezers.
Magnesium cations (Mg++) are essential
components of the protein-synthesizing system of
germinating seeds. Magnesium cations determine
the stability and translational activity of mRNA and
rRNA. Trilon B is usually used for in vitro banding
of magnesium cations in area of biochemistry of the
nucleic acids. It was very interesting to verify the
Trilon B influence to seed germination of winter
barley varieties by experiment. Experiments
showed: actinomycin D – the inhibitor of RNA
synthesis – didn’t show varieties specific effect to
seed growth of winter barley, while Trilon B had a
varieties specific impact to length coleoptiles and
roots. Research was carried out on etiolated
seedlings at temperatures from 22 to 28oC, and different concentrations of Trilon B - 1,6×10-3М,
2,4×10-3М and 3,2×10-3М. The roots of 3-days old
seedlings were more sensitive to Trilon B influence.
It is shown the varieties of Russian origin were
naturally reacted to Trilon B: the higher the frost
resistance of variety, the more resistant variety to
the action of various concentrations of Trilon B at
different temperatures. The most optimum
concentration was 3,2 × 10-3М at 22-25oC.
Varieties by foreign origin deviated from this
pattern. It is interesting to research the genetic
essence of these differences. It will be helpful for
optimization of varieties differentiation conditions
to create a laboratory method of estimate of frost
resistance of winter barley. The new method will be
most efficient compared the direct freezing method
INFLUENCE OF COMPLEX COMPOSTS ON DEVELOPMENT OF LIVING ORGANISMS IN TOP LAYERS OF ORDINARY CHERNOZEM
Complex compost, which is formed in the process of
unification of organic and mineral colloids, the formation
of new cycles of nutrients, increasing the enzymatic
activity of organic matter and respiration of
living organisms, the formation of gaseous compounds,
increase of ecological niches and land reclamation is a
new direction in practical ecology, agriculture and soil
science. This line determines of creation and use of
complex mixtures of different wastes household, industrial
and agricultural production for enrichment soil of
organic and mineral dispersed and colloidal systems
and improving their physical, chemical and biological
and ecological functions. Formation of complex of
compost is provided by the enrichment of substrate of
organic matter, comprehensive set of mineral substances
and their mixed colloidal composition. Microbial
communities are determined by the level of transformation
of organic matter and activity of life support
system and the variety of living species. Entering into
the top layer of soil of complex compost contributes to
the development and expansion of ecological niches.
At the complex compost it is very active increases the
number of actinomycetes, especially representatives of
the genus Streptomyces, the population of which are
accumulated in the top layer of soil in the summer.
Actinomycetes series of Cinereus were encountered
most often in the soil after introduction of complex
compost, Violaceus and Aureus were allocated less
The article reveals luteolin-7-glucoside accumulation
in the overground part of Veronica incana L. It
assesses resource potential of V. incana depending on
the phytocenotic conditions of coenopopulations
growing in Central Yakutia. Collection of the material
was carried out during V. incana flowering in 7
coenopopulations and in the collection of the Yakut
Botanical Garden. Analysis of flavonoids content was
performed by HPLC method. The high levels of
flavonoids content in the biomass of generative plants
marked in coenopopulations that are in optimal
conditions, and the lowest - in coenopopulations
experiencing strong anthropogenic influence. In
addition, one of the factors reducing the content of
flavonoids in plants is low light intensity in habitat.
The highest resource potential on the luteolin-7-
glucoside observed in biomass V. incana, growing in
fescue grassland steppe and culture
In the work, we present the results of the investigation
of acute toxicity of bio humates obtained by the method
vermicultivation on laboratory animals. In the diets
of farm animals and Pets to fill in the missing nutrients
in the past years, we had an extensive use of various
feed additives. Among them, mineral (macro - and
micronutrients), protein and fat supplements, vitamins,
biostimulants, complex natural compounds (sapropel,
peat), synthetic products (enzymes, hormones, antibiotics,
adaptogens, antioxidants). The search for new
ways of improvement and increase of efficiency of
agricultural animals using feed additives with high
demands on ecology of meat and dairy foods naturally
led to increased studies on the use in livestock farming
of water-soluble alkaline salts of natural humic acids -
humates. Their environmental safety and the unique
ability to improve metabolism and increase energy
cells very positively manifested in living organisms.
Numerous studies Russian and foreign scientists installed
a high efficiency natural humates as biostimulators
and immunomodulators in animal husbandry and
veterinary medicine. Accumulated extensive experimental
material, proving that the use of humates leads
to faster growth of animals, reducing morbidity and
mortality, increase the body's resistance to toxins in
feed and resistance to adverse environmental conditions.
Improving with the help of humates ecological
purity of the ecosystems "water — soil — plant", as
well as the health of birds, animals and fish will ultimately
lead to strengthen health and to prolong human
life as a consumer of agricultural products. Currently,
the livestock market is intensively increasing the humates
produced in Russia and abroad from brown coal,
peat, sapropel. A special place among them has been
occupied by the newest formulations because of a
unique combination of safety, efficiency, and value,
which, thanks to its amazing properties to increase energy cells, stimulate vital processes and to enhance
the beneficial effects of other substances called energine.
They are harmless to animals and humans; do not
have allergologie, anaphylactogenic, teratogenic, embryotoxic
and carcinogenic properties when used in
recommended doses. This allows you to create on their
basis organic natural feed additives and veterinary
medicines for agricultural animals, birds, fish, fur animals
and Pets, and preventive and therapeutic drugs
for humans