Introduction of new elements of fruit cultivation
technology into production is one of the elements
of intensification of the branch. The problem of
providing plants with moisture is the key in
modern technology. The purpose of the research
is a development and manufacturing of
innovative methods of water supply of modern
fruit plantations. Researches were conducted in
two fruiting zones of the Krasnodar region
(Northern and Kuban) with the aim of
assessment of influence of different ways of
water supply on the growth and productivity of
apple-tree varieties: Idared and Gala Schniga
grafted on the stock М9 and planted in 2012 due
to the scheme 3,5x0,8 m. There was determined
that the application of the absorbent Aqua Life
and absorbents with the addition of
recommended elements (Ecogel-1; Ecogel-2)
increase the acclimation rate of seedlings on 2-
6%. The presence of proper conducting system to
supply with the moisture and nutrients the
overhead part (roots-leaves) and a large number
of photosynthezing apparatus promoted to obtain
the high-quality fruit productivity, accumulation
of phytomass and increase of fruit quality.
We have found, that complexes of
hydroabsorbents on the basis “Aqua Life”,
“Ecogel-1” and “Ecogel-2” in conditions of
Kuban in fruiting apple-tree plantations on dwarf
stocks showed the high effectiveness on water
supply, for the first time
Side products obtained during processing of many oil
crops, have a high feed value and use in rations of
animals and birds. The important thing in feeding
poultry is protein nutritional value of forages and
their biological integrity, expressed in amino acid
composition. In this regard, there was a comparative
analysis of the chemical and amino acid composition
traditionally used in compound feeds for poultry,
sunflower cake, and previously unexamined mustard
protein-containing feed concentrate called "Gorlinka".
During the research, it was found that the studied new
feed additive is better comparing to sunflower meal,
considering protein content and essential amino acids
In the conditions of grey forest soils in the Bryansk
region among the fodder crops widespread mixed legume-cereal
crops. The results showed that the photosynthetic
activity of cereals and leguminous crops and
their yields in mixed crops depended on made of biological
and mineral nitrogen fertilizers. It is established
that the nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate has
a positive impact on the formation of assimilating leaf
surface, photosynthetic potential and net productivity
and yield of grain mixture in lupine-barley and soybean
-barley cropping and pea-barley crops the use of
nitrogen in the form of potassium nitrate was more
favorable. It was found that in lupine-barley crops the
active symbiotic potential has increased by 25,5% and
the yield increased by 21,3% , in soybean-barley crops
28,5% and 19,2% respectively, due to the joint use of a
mixture of symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria and
mineral nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate in
the dose of N60. In pea-barley agrocenosis it has improved
the efficiency of cultivation of joint application
of mixed inoculant symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria
on the background of the application of mineral
nitrogen in the form of potassium nitrate in the dose of
N60, where there was an increase of the active symbiotic
potential by 34,7% and grain yield by 24,7% compared
to the option when adding the mixture of biological
products
The results of studies on the influence of different backgrounds and agrochemical pre-sowing treatment with bishofit on the growth and development of sain-foin sand, winter hardiness and productivity of crops under irrigation on light chestnut soils of the Volga-Don interfluve are submitted
Results of researches on studying of various doses of
mineral fertilizers on efficiency of hybrids of sunflower
Vulcan, the Arena, the Brio and the Signal are given
in article. Researches showed that depending on formation
of biological mass of sunflower reserves of
productive moisture decreased that was a major factor
in productivity formation
The article is devoted to the estimation of the
dependence of perennial grass herbage’s productivity
on the dose and distribution of nitrogen fertilizers
during the vegetation, as well as from the dynamics of
the species composition by years of use. It was
revealed that for cocksfoot-timothy grass mixture an
increase in the rate of nitrogen fertilizer for every 10
kg of active ingredient leads to an increase of yield by
0.27 tons/ha. The selection of components of grass
mixtures and rational fertilizer doses forms the herbage
which provides a yield of about 7,0-12,0 tons/ha of dry
mass and 58,1-99,6 GJ of energy exchange. It is
established that competitive relations in grass mixtures
are exacerbated with increasing doses of fertilizers.
The timothy grass develops successfully in a mixture
with the cocksfoot with a low level of mineral nutrition
(N80). A high level of mineral nutrition speeds up the
formation of single-species herbage - the cocksfoot.
Meadow fescue grass provides sustainable yields on
medium and high backgrounds of mineral fertilizers in
combination with the cocksfoot. Recommendations for
a nitrogen dose of more than 200 kg per hectare for
fertilizing mixed grass crops with the cocksfoot and
about 100 kg per hectare for clover-cereals mixtures
without cocksfoot are suggested
The article deals with a combination of different methods
of cultivation of winter barley on the background
of plowing, and their impact on growth, development
and crop yield. The main technological factors allowing
implementing the biological potential of culture are
adaptive variety, quality seeds, predecessors, sowing
and harvesting, fertilizer, soil fertility, crop care, including
protection from weeds, pests and diseases.
Barley is the culture of versatile use, which is grown
for food and feed purposes. Intensification of cultivation
methods of this phenomenon is essential and significantly
affects the grain yield of this crop. Under the
natural fertility of the soil and favorable weather conditions
for black earth of Kuban it is possible to get
3,0-3,5 tons per hectare of winter crops of grain, and
this requires the creation of an optimal diet, because
one of the main factors affecting the productivity of
field crops, including one phenomenon are fertilizers.
In addition, the level of soil fertility and protection
system of weeds, pests and diseases has great importance.
Since these types of issues are relevant for
agriculture, we have carried out studies to identify the
optimal combination of different methods on growth,
development and productivity of a single phenomenon
This article notes that agricultural production is not a self-regulating system. The article highlights specific features of agricultural production and forms of ownership of the major productive resource – land, ineffective policies of promoting development and introduction of innovative technologies. It is noted that the system of measures and tools of state regulation of agricultural production have two directions of influence: governmental regulation of the agricultural market mechanism and industrial governmental support for manufacturers. The authors give classification of methods and instruments of state regulation, liberalization of the agricultural sector in the WTO, levels of aggregate support for agriculture; as well as identifies the key growth areas of the governmental support and discusses the basic institutions of governmental regulation: ownership, legal Institute of economic management and the Institute of organization management. It's pointed out that the current dynamics of the development of agricultural production in our country is determined by four major external factors: the Institute of Western sanctions imposed against our country, Russia's integration into the international market by joining the World Trade Organization, the functioning of the Single Economic Space within the Customs Union, and the necessity of solving problems of import substitution and food security of our country. Implementation of these methods requires significant institutional transformation and transition into the new levels of legal, commercial, and economic regulation with observance of equitable international cooperation. In conclusion, the authors discuss an insufficient level of development stimulation in domestic agriculture
The article describes the results of studies on elemental composition of corn grain under various fertilizer treatments. The balanced application of fertilizers is an important factor in optimizing corn nutrition on ordinary black soils and obtaining ecologically safe
and clean crop production
The created hybrids with new lines and testers
were studied in 2014-2015, in the conditions of
the central zone of the Krasnodar region and the
Central Black Earth Region (Voronezh and
Belgorod regions). As a parent forms for
selection of early ripening and Medium early
corn hybrids there were used lines of various
groups of ripeness of the ident heterosis group:
Kr 714 Kr 740 Kr 757 Kr 651 Kr and 602. All of
these lines had high combining ability, and the
line 602 Cr was used as a donor for a quick return
of moisture from the grain when ripening. With
the participation of the lines from the collection
of the Institute and the donor line, we have
created four hybrid combinations on the basis of
which, the selection was received by the five-year
selection of new source material for breeding new
hybrids of corn. The assessment of comutiny
capacity of new lines was performed using a linetesters
of the genetic institute collections of
721MV Cr, Cr 801MV, Kr 654 Kr 244MV, Cr
602MV, Kr and Kr 802MV 752. Lines testers
were represented by a heterosis group of
Lancaster, Stiff Stalk Synthetic and wide lines
with a genetic basis. According to the guidelines
of the State strain testing of crops, and as a result
of the field experiment, we have calculated the
energy savings for new early maturing corn
hybrids in comparison with the standard ones.
Saving energy for equivalent fuel from new
hybrids of corn comparing to the standard for 1
ha of crop was due to their grain productivity and
varied depending on the conditions of the
Voronezh region from 81.4 to 101.5 kg, in the
Krasnodar region it was 79,0-97,9 kg