Many old varieties of grapes do not meet modern
requirements, so there is a need for improved
assortment of new high-quality varieties. The
translation of the vineyards of the black sea coast of
the Krasnodar region on inoculated culture is not fully
decided the fate of the viticulture of the area. Weak
resistance of American rootstocks to increased content
of calcium and salts in the soil, caused the weakening
of the bushes, reducing the vigor of the shoots, their
maturation and yield of grape plantations in some
areas of the district while reducing their quality
indicators. In this regard, the development of new
high-yielding varieties suitable for own-rooted
viticulture remains the most urgent task for breeders.
The article shows the potential of many years of
breeding work and study of grapes of technical
varieties in Anapa Zone Station, tolerant to phylloxera
and resistant to fungal diseases and frost, with high
quality products and gives a brief description of some
prominent grape varieties
Small-leaved lime (Tília cordata) is wonderful species
of trees, producing honey. This tree species is not
cultivated in forest tree nurseries of Head forestry
department of the Omsk region for the purpose of an
artificial reproduction. Small-leaved lime grows wild in
Bolshyi Uki, Ust-Ishym and Tevris areas. This forest is
the basis for a honey production. Small-leaved lime
occupies a very small area, which equals 1,5 ha. Natural
reproduction of small-leaved lime in the Omsk
Pryirtysh district is a reliquiae. Questions of
reproduction of small-leaved lime have not been studied
yet. Shoots cloning of small-leaved lime has an
important practical value for areas of natural
reproduction. A technology of seed reproduction has
not been developed for the Omsk region. Complexity of
the matter is in the existence of a long and deep
physiological quiescent period of small-leaved lime
seeds. Experimental facts of small-leaved lime seed
reproduction has been described in this article. Results
of measuring of height and root neck diameter of oneand
two-year old plants have been shown. The
influence of putting young plants in the shadow on
their growth and development has been evaluated. It has
been shown that seedlings received from small-leaved
lime growing in the Оmsk State Agrarian University
Dendrology Park have large variation in the growth
and development parameters and the fact of casting
shadows on the plants truly affects the height of oneand
same as two-year old samples
Grapes are product of areas. Grape plant is very plastic
and can grow on almost all types of soils except highly
saline, fusion and wetlands. In studies of many
authors, it was indicated the influence of different soil
types and their properties on the growth of the vine
plants, the quality of berries and their products. The
object of study is soils and vines growing on them,
laws and processes affecting the formation of grape
production. Research methods are expeditions, field
and laboratory. The article presents data on the effect
of agrochemical soil properties (pH, solid residue, the
amount of aqueous extract ions, chlorine ions,
alkalinity (НSO3¯), calcium ion, magnesium ion, total
carbonate, active carbonates, nitrate nitrogen, mobile
phosphorus, exchangeable potassium , humus, humus
reserves) on the formation of the harvest of grapes and
wine products (tasting score, the extract, the amount of
phenolic compounds, the amount of organic acids, the
amount of amino acids, metal ions, potassium ions,
sodium metal, magnesium ions, calcium ions, the
amount of metal ions). With the help of statistical data,
we can establish the effect of weather conditions on the formation of 2009-2011 qualitative wines of
Cabernet Sauvignon
In the article we present the results of the researches
on the study of the different systems of basic treatment
of soil on the plants of sunflower, as well as its
infestation by one-year and perennial weeds and its
productivity on usual black soils of the Krasnodar
region
The article presents a comparative analysis of national
economic importance of winter barley in relation to
other crops. The advantages of winter barley in a
number of factors have been observed. The information
about acreage under crop and gross yield of this crop is
presented in an article in the form of tables. The authors
have studied such important factors as a dynamics of
acreage of crop yield in the main regions of cultivation.
Against the overall negative dynamics of sown areas,
they noted a clear increase in 2013. An analysis of grain
yield of winter barley in the main regions of cultivation
by year has been presented graphically. Special
attention was paid to the Southern Federal District and
the Krasnodar Territory in particular as a major
producer of grain of winter barley. The analysis of
yields in the major regions of cultivation of winter
barley showed a clear advantage of the Krasnodar
region. The index of the average grain yield of winter
barley cultivation in this region for the period from
2003 to 2008 has been shown. Moreover, the article has
presented the role of sorts in increasing the yield grade.
We have also highlighted the issue of selection of
winter barley in our country. The desirability of
increasing the production of winter barley in the
Russian Federation has been noted as well
It was experimentally established, that the inclusion
dietary supplements, based on whey in feed mixtures
for broiler chickens improves digestibility and nutrient
digestibility of feed, which has a positive effect for
live weight of poultry
The article presents the results of the study on the magnesium mode of leached chernozem of Western Ciscaucasia at three rotation of grain-grass-tilled crop rotation. Magnesium in the soil is represented mainly by non-exchangeable form, the number of which is estimated at 90,18 and 91,29 % of gross reserves. Exchange forms of magnesium are 8,68 and 7,71 % respectively in arable and the subsurface layer. The share of water-soluble and organic forms account for less than 1 % - of 0.62 and 0.68 and 0.46 and 0.38% respectively. For three rotation 11-full rotation of gross stocks of magnesium in the soil in which crops were grown without fertilizers has decreased by 0.02 % (200 mg/kg), with fertilizers of 0.03 and 0.02 % (300 and 200 mg/kg). Intense magnesium has been leached from the topsoil. There was a change of the soil content of the forms of magnesium. In the rotation without fertilizer, the share of non-exchangeable magnesium in the General Fund item increased from baseline by 0.27 % in arable and 0.11% of the subsurface layer of soil that the absolute content decreased. The amount of water-soluble, exchangeable and organic magnesium of the soil decreased. Reducing the amount of water-soluble (0.05 and 0.06 %) and metabolic (0.18 and 0.02 %) of magnesium was due to its consumption of the plants. The proportion of magnesium organic part of the soil is reduced as a result of steadily declining yields, and, therefore, the amount of organic residues. In crop rotation, use of mineral fertilizers we have observed different behavior of magnesium compounds in the soil. The number of non-exchangeable magnesium decreased from baseline by 0.13 % in arable and 0,58 % of the subsurface layer of soil. The content of the exchange of magnesium increased respectively 0.43 and 0.41 %, water soluble - 0.13 and 0.10 %, and the organic part of the soil - 0.02 and 0.02 %
The article presents results of studying the total content and the forms of Nickel in the Western Caucasus leached Chernozem at three rotations of 11-fild grain-grass-arable crop rotation. The Nickel content in the soil is close to its Clark (40 mg/kg) and significantly lower than UEC (80 mg/kg). Scientifically based system for fertilizing crop rotation does not lead to the accumulation of Nickel in the soil, but creates the conditions for increasing its mobility. In the future, we may experience the need of the inclusion of Nickel into the system of fertilization of crops grown on leached Chernozem. The Nickel content in the leached Chernozem before development of crop rotation was generally close to Clark soils of the world (40 mg/kg) and significantly lower than UEC (80 mg/kg), which favors the production of high quality produce. After three rotations of the crop rotation without using fertilizers, the total content of Nickel and acid-insoluble form in the soil decreased slightly, but the number of the element extracted with both buffer and acid extractor, increased insignificantly. The decrease of the total content of Nickel and its reserve (acid-insoluble) fund in the soil we explain with the annual exclusion of the element with harvests crops from the fields, and the trend of increasing mobile and acid-soluble - mineralization of humus followed by acidification of the soil. Systematic mineral fertilization on field crop rotation was slightly up for the Nickel fund of the soil, but did not ensure the recovery of the initial level. At the same time, at fertilize crop rotation we observed a clear trend of increasing the number of rolling and acid-soluble Nickel. If we consider that the value of the MPC for moving Nickel is equal to 6 mg/kg, these changes may not have any negative environmental impacts, but rather will encourage the use of this ultra-microelement by plants
The article presents results of studying total content
of titanium in both not fertilized and systematically
fertilized black leached soil. Science-based system of
fertilizer crop rotation allows solving problems of
sufficient balance of nutrients in the system of "soilplant-fertilizer",
increasing the quantity and
improving the quality of the crop. At the same time,
their application is active influence on the natural
environment. In the soil, there is an input of a large
set of chemical elements come along with fertilizers.
In addition, due to their physiological pH or
alkalinity, fertilizers are capable to affect the physical
and chemical properties of the soil. The use of
mineral fertilizers in scientifically based doses on the
fields of crop rotation for 33 years virtually has no
impact on the content of titanium in leached
Chernozem. In the arable layer its number increased
only by 2.1 %, and in subsurface - it is the same as in
the crop without fertilizer. Enrichment of topsoil with
titanium is due to desilication of rocks during
weathering. Due to the low solubility of titanium
minerals, they remain in the place longer, and
therefore, the content of the element in the soil
increases. As you know, fertilizers applied to the
fields of crop rotation, increase the intensity of the
biological cycle of substances and thereby enhance
the process of destruction of the parent rocks
The article presents the results of the study of selection,
technological and economic aspects of breeding
Galloway cattle breed in the Smolensk region. As it
was shown by the results of the studies, it begins to
form breeding base of this breed in the region. This
year, the regional tribal enterprise delivered two bulls
initiated the accumulation of hereditary material. We
have found that the greatest intensity of the development
has the descendants of the bull named John. The
dairy cows in the herd vary depending on the age of
the animals and is 179-223kg. Allelofond of the animals
are 17 alleles of EAB-locus of blood groups
characteristic of cattle specialized meat breeds. The
economic efficiency of breeding animals of the Galloway
breed in the region was 1291500 rubles. The article
recommends use of the Galloway cattle breed for
further breeding in the Smolensk region and introduction
of resource-saving technologies of beef production