The article reviews the results of studying the influence
of mineral fertilizers on the qualitative indices of the
Merlot grape variety in the Anapo-Taman zone of the
Krasnodar region. The technology of cultivation of
grapes on the experimental plot was in accordance with
the accepted for the given zone and culture.
Agrobiological work was carried out at the optimal
time and had a high quality of execution. Grape bushes
are laid in a 3.0 x 2.0 m pattern. Formation - a twoshoulder
horizontal cordon. On the bushes we formed
the same load of shoots and bunches. Scheme of the
experiment: option 1 – no fertilizers (control); option
2-superphosphate with a mixture of potassium salt
(P90K90) from the autumn; option 3 –nitroammofoska
(N120P120K120) from autumn; option 4 – ammonium
nitrate (N60) in early spring. Analysis of the results of
studies on the study of biological features of growth,
fruiting, yield and quality of Merlot grape varieties on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers shows
their high efficiency in the conditions of the AnapoTamanskaya
zone of the Krasnodar region and can be
recommended for use in production conditions.
Mineral fertilizers ensures the receipt of dry bulk wine
of superior quality control sample (without fertilizers)
the concentration of tartaric acid 17.3 25.1 percent,
phenolic compounds 17.1 – 40.0 %, and alcohol
content of 7.2 and 9.3 %, titratable acids 11.8 and 13.7
%, given extract by 17.4 %, with a decrease of the
mass concentration of total sulfur dioxide and pH. The
most effective is the introduction of NPK
(N120P120K120)
Limited resource of irrigation water in the South of
Russia is a particularly actual task in the production
of moisture-loving crops, such as rice. To solve the
problem of rational use of water when watering is not
possible without the organization of an automated
water distribution. As it was shown by the analysis of
tools and technologies of regulation of water supply,
the most promising, form tested and used, can be tape
regulators of flow and water level. They have a
simple construction diagram, unpretentious in
operation. However, we have identified a fault –
unregulated leaking, not fully covered through the
bore, which in turn increases the uncontrolled
consumption of irrigation water. To solve this
problem we propose a number of designs, protected
by patents of the Russian Federation, having special
fixture to ensure unauthorized leaks, even in a state
almost close to the fully closed opening expiration
from the regulator. The article comprehensively
considers hydraulic studies of controller initially,
without any additions that contribute to the problem
of eliminating leakage. The proposed study with the
analysis of the distribution of velocities and pressures
in the design of belt regulator, will allow you to have
the basic reference model against which it will be
possible to analyze the degree of influence of
constructive-technological changes at the work the
newly developed devices. For this, we modeled tape
controller in the software package FreeCАD version
0.15, when using SAE - system FlowVision. The task
of modeling water flow were solved in flat statement,
including the moment of full closing of the belt
passage opening of the regulator. For plotting surfaces, lines, levels and cross-section response
functions, we used a software package wxMaxima.
The results obtained allowed a comprehensive
analysis of the work tape of the locking device,
hydraulically actuated device in all modes of the
major factors and, in the future, will help to address
the issue of studying the impact of introduced
technological changes in the design of controllers
Early-ripening white cabbage has a special place
among the vegetables cultivated in the Kuban region.
It opens the pipeline of vegetables from the open
ground and is supplied to other regions at a time
when shortage of vegetables of domestic production
is felt the most. Modern producer requirements to
domestic hybrids are the highest - product quality,
uniformity and productivity should not concede to
foreign analogues. Ways to improve the quality of
early ripening hybrids: development of lines based on
modern foreign hybrids, high uniformity of lines by
morphological and economic traits. Development of
male sterile lines and dihaploid lines in culturein
vitro can more successfully solve the problem of
quality of early ripening hybrids. The use of the
above methods and approaches helped develop series
of inbred lines - gene sources for complex agronomic
traits. On the vase of obtained lines promising earlyripening
hybrids were developed. One of the hybrids,
Ritsa F1, entered the State register of breeding
achievements. Advantages of the hybrid: earliness,
uniformity and high marketability of heads, high
productivity. According to results of contest trial new
hybrid Milana F1 is passed for State trial, this hybrid
has high productivity potential for growing in sale
cropping. Both hybrids were produced with the
participation of male sterile line Dt46f, resistant to
fusarium. High quality seeds of these hybrids were
produced in a greenhouse in direct crop for a wide
industrial and environmental testing
We have proposed the method of presowing processing of
seeds of winter wheat using a hydrophobic paraffin-wax
system of the new composition. Water protected paraffinceresin
coating has been used before for storage of garlic.
However, the paraffin coating were not applied to wheat
seeds and were not investigated their effect on
germination, growth and further development of plants of
winter wheat. This work has been done for the first time.
The ceresin wax is replaced by sunflower wax. New
component composition of the hydrophobic waterproof
coating winter wheat seeds: sunflower wax – 15-20 % wt
.; paraffin – all the rest of it. Sunflower wax is a surfaceactive
substance and has the properties of the plasticizer
and the dispersant of the dispersed structure of the
paraffin. The advantages of this coating: it protects the
seeds from moisture loss, regulates the timing of their
germination, contributes to the preservation of
accumulated nutrients, and enhances plant growth and
development; it increases the yield of wheat. In the field,
we have set growth stimulating ability of paraffin-wax
coating of winter wheat seeds of variety called Charade.
The resulting increase in yield was 20% (control of 52.6 с
/ ha), while maintaining the quality of grain. This use of
sunflower wax solves an important environmental
problem – disposal of oilseed production waste
In the conditions of the Krasnodar region, we consider
the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of seeds
obtained when using different schemes of organization
of hybrid seed production of squash in the Krasnodar
region. As a result of studying various techniques in the
production of hybrid seed of summer squash, we have
established the effectiveness of using open pollination,
and assessed the approbation of the signs of F1 hybrid
plants obtained under different schemes of organization
of hybrid seed production of squash
The influence of different agricultural technologies on
the yield of winter barley variety ‘Gordei’ was studied.
Economic evaluation was given to the researched
factors. The studies were carried out at the
experimental station of Kuban State Agrarian
University in the conditions of polyfactorial long-term
soil monitoring. The soil is represented by strongly
leached, light-clay black humus with an average
thickness of the humus horizon - 150 cm. It was found
that with the change of technology (fertilizer, tillage,
sowing method, means of protection) winter barley
yields increases to 50% in comparison with the
control. According to the analysis of bioenergetic and
economic evaluation it makes sense to use the variants
022, 111 and 222 at plowing, where the maximum net
efficiency ratio and net income are noticed
The article has considered the influence of modern
climate changes on the intensity of erosion processes
within the boundaries of the basic landscapes of the
region. It has given the results of the spatial
distribution of the rainfalls. The most noticeable
climate changes of the Bryansk region are reflected in
the decrease in the activity of erosion during snowmelt
due to the lower amounts of snow and soil frost depth.
In the area, the dynamics of rainfall does not detect a
single trend. The processes of erosion and deflation are
studied in the relationship, the manifestation of these
processes on the territory of the Bryansk region. It has
published the results of the risk analysis of erosion and
deflation on forest soils of the region and justified the
application of G. V. Bastrakov’s method for
modeling erosion-resistant agricultural landscapes.
This approach has a number of advantages over the
other known methods. In our case, regardless of soil
and climatic and geomorphological conditions, the
challenge is to ensure such events in which erosion
resistance of the land will not be below a critical value.
The research results are the initial data in designing
soil conservation activities on the territory of the
Bryansk region. The obtained data of the erosive
properties of soils from climatic changes enable the
study and forecasting of the development of
agricultural landscapes of the region in the medium
term
DYNAMICS OF CATALASE ACTIVITY IN THE LEAVES OF APPLE TREES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR FERTILIZING
The research was conducted studying the effect of
various system of foliar fertigation on catalase activity
in the apple orchard with drip irrigation in 2013-2014.
The object of research were apple trees of
Zhigulevskoye variety grafted on rootstock 62-396 in
experimental intensive apple orchard of I.V. Michurin
FSC which had been planted in 2007. During
vegetation, the following indices were determined in
apple tree leaves in dynamics: catalase activity by
gasometrical method of M.I Lishkevich on the 3rd and
5
th day after treatments, the content of nitrogen
(Kjeldahl method), phosphorus (KFK-3), potassium
and calcium (Jenway PFP-7). Data were statistical
processed according to the generally accepted methods
described by B.A. Dospekhov. It has been established
that foliar fertigation increased catalase activity on the
3
rd day after treatment, which then decreases to normal
values. So, treatments acted as a stress factor.
Correlation of catalase activity with nitrogen content in
the leaves increased, and with calcium content
decreased as the number of megafol mixed with
calcium calbit treatments was enlarged. Using tank
mixtures for multiple treatments with combination of
antistress preparations and calcium-containing
agrochemicals allows to moderate significantly the
stress effect of foliar fertilizing on plants
Elements of the cultivation technology of winter wheat variety called ‘Antonina’ with the application of different backgrounds of soil fertility, norms of fertilizers, system of plant protection from weeds, pests and diseases were studied. The studies are conducted in a polyfactorial stationary experiment: factor A - soil fertility; factor B - system of fertilizers; factor C - plant protection system; factor D - methods of basic soil cultivation. In the experiment four models of soil fertility levels were studied: А0 - the initial (natural background); А1 - average (200 kg / ha Р2О5 and 200 t / ha of litter manure); А2 - increased (doses are doubled); when А3 - high (tripled). Based on the studies it has been established that to obtain a stable yield of winter wheat, an increased dose of mineral fertilizers should be used, which also ensures high grain quality indicators. The maximum yield increase of 37% was achieved on varieties in comparison with extensive technology. A significant increase of the protein content in the grain from 12.8 to 15.3% and gluten from 22.0 to 27.8% was found in the intensive technology - triple doses of fertilizers (NPK) and the use of integrated protection against diseases, pests and weeds. The introduction of high doses of mineral fertilizers contributes to the accumulation in the soil and grain of nitrogen, and also reduces the content of copper and zinc
A fundamental element of the technology is the use
of beef cattle in the economic purposes of biological
resources of animals. In the development of modern
technologies there is a lack of focusing on one of the
main features of cattle – its own perception of the
environment, that is panoramic (binocular) vision. In
the modern cattle breeding we focuse on the
development of a variety of exterior signs. However,
one of the indicators that affect the behavioral
responses of animals (the degree of development of
the muzzle and the forehead of the animal, the shape
of the head) does not have due importance. The
author has conducted its degree of development
studies in bulls and cows of different breeds. Along
the length of the head, meat breeds (Hereford,
Aberdeen Angus, Simmental, Charolais) gave way to
Red Steppe 14.9; 15.5; 5.5 and 5.0 cm (27,5; 28,6;
10,1 and 9,2%, P