For the purpose of preservation of soil fertility at
relatively low economic expenses, we have conducted
researches on optimization of doses and combinations
of mineral fertilizers by cultivation of field corn hybrid
called "Krasnodar 382" in a stationary field experiment
of the Department of agrochemistry in the training farm
"Kuban", in the conditions of the leached chernozem of
Central zone of the Krasnodar region. The main impact
on receiving high-quality corn gives the content of plant
nutrients in soil. Our researches showed that the
application of the complete fertilizer in various doses
has had influence on the content of essential plant
nutrients in the soil. The maximal values of the content
of mineral nitrogen, available phosphorus and
exchangeable potassium during all phases of vegetation
have been got in options with double N60P60K40 and
triple N90P90K60 dose of the complete fertilizer.
Sufficient supplying the soil with plant nutrients by
fertilizing has entailed the enhance of corn yield. Great
crop of corn has been reaped during the experiment.
After three years of researches, the productivity has
reached averaged 58,7 cwt/hectare. The greatest
productivity has been received in the option with
application of triple and double dose of the complete
fertilizer and amounted 68,5 and 68,0 cwt/hectare, what
is 47% and 45,9% more, compared to the option
without any application of fertilizers. The main
substance, which defines nutritional value of corn, is
proteins. Application of fertilizers under the conditions
of our experiment has promoted enhancing the protein
content in corn. The application of mineral fertilizers
has promoted increase of the content of crude protein in
corn. Maximal it was in option with application of the
complete mineral fertilizer in the double dose of
N60P60K40 – 9.6%, when reaped protein has amounted 6,5 cwt/hectare. Therefore, it is possible to conclude
that it is most expedient to fertilize field corn with the
dose of N60P60K40 and N90P90K60
The article presents the indicators of the protective
afforestation of the Central black earth region, biometric
growth index, agricultural and environmental impact of
forest belts, efficiency of agroterritories
Searching for new promising plant growth regulators
and antidotes, we have synthesized a series of Nsubstituted
naphthalene-2-sulfonylamides. Synthesized
compounds have been studied as potential growth
regulators of economically significant crops - winter
wheat, sugar beet, sunflower, soybean, and herbicide
antidotes for sunflower growing plants. The substances
with high growth stimulating and antidote effect were
found
The article presents the data on the formation of the embryonic fruitfulness of central ovaries of wintering buds of the group of technical grape varieties with white berries - White Muscat; Pinot White, Chardonnay, Citron Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha; Riesling, Viorica, Riton, Crystal in the conditions of Anapa-Taman zone. There were revealed the rates of embryonic fruitfulness of central ovaries of buds of studied cultivars and fruiting indices of vegetative shoots developed from them. In all studied grape varieties there was revealed a high percentage of fruitful buds from 84,1 in the variety of Riton at 97.2 at Viorica; and the percentage of fertile vegetative shoots from 81,8 at the variety Citron Magaracha to 97.2 in the variety White Muscat. At the leveled load of bushes, vegetative shoots and the same scheme of planting of bushes (3 x 2 m), the highest yield in terms per hectare showed the varieties Pervenets Magaracha, Viorica, Riton, Crystal, Riesling and Citron Magarach. When assessing the economic efficiency the highest net income and level of profitability were identified in the varieties of Citron Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha, Viorica and Riton. In order to determine which buds will give us shoots with large, well-developed (well-differentiated) buds, and which will not give (weakly differentiated), it is necessary "to look inside a bud". But even already formed germs of inflorescences in the bud are able in a few days in spring or dedifferentiate or degrade depending on the influence of external conditions. Scientists have learned to use this ability to increase the maximum possible yield in years of severe damage of grape by frosts. Firstly, in frosty winters the central buds wither out. The replacing buds usually have poor fruiting and bad productivity during years. In such cases, it is more profitable to conduct a small cutting of angle buds arranged in a circle at the base of a shoot. At the beginning of the second vegetation phase, these buds will obtain the great bulk plastic substances, which will cause the dedifferentiation of rudiments of inflorescences in them. Thus, it is possible not only to restore rapidly the normal shape of a bush, but to obtain a good harvest this year
In the experimental work, we studied the effect of the
inulin prebiotic on the growth, development and
efficiency of growing broiler chickens of the Isa cross.
In accordance with the scheme of the experiment, the
first control group was fed a complete feed (CF) by
periods of growth. In the second group, inulin was
added to the CF for the first 21 days of growth. In the
third group prebiotic was added to the CF at the same
rate throughout the whole period of rearing the chicks
(42 days). In the second and third groups, we found the
tendency to increase the intensity of growth rate in
poultry by 1.6 and 3.0%, respectively, compared with
the control. Feed costs for weight gain were decreased
by 2.1-2.7%. In the chime of the blind processes of the
intestine of the chickens of 2-3 experimental groups it
was found the reduction of staphylococci and
enterococci CFU, while similar to the control group
lactobacilli CFU. The muscle tissue in the chickens of
experimental groups had greater protein content. The
optimal range of indicators is the use of inulin for the
first 21 days of rearing poultry. Because of the
production audit, an increase in live weight of chickens
was found, in the experimental group by 2.7% (p ≤
0.05), a decrease of feed costs by 7.5%, increase of the
survival rate of poultry by 2.0% and profitability by
3.1%
The article gives an assessment of physical and
chemical properties of muscle and fatty tissue,
biochemical-indices of the blood of the purebred pigs
of large white crossing (KB), crossing local mAcurrent,
obtained by crossing KB sows with boars of
steppe type (ST) CM-1 and three-pedigree animals,
obtained by crossing crossbred ewes KB x ST with
imported boars of specialized meat breeds such as
Landrace (L) Duroc (D) and pietrain (P). We have
studied indicators such as : number of protein, fat
content, pH acid, moisture content and color intensity
of PSE and DFD defects, the intensity of coloration of
muscle tissue, the content of tryptophan, held tasting
meat and broth, defined by nutritional value and
studied the technological properties of subcutaneous
fat, the melting point of the fat and iodine number
The reaction of winter wheat of Krasnodar
Agricultural Research Institute selection that is
included in the State Register of selection
achievements in the Russian Federation, on the
predecessor, the sowing time and the level of mineral
nutrition in 2008 - 2010 was studied in
"Severokubanskaya agricultural experimental station"
P.P. Lukyanenko Krasnodar Agricultural Research
Institute, located in the northern area of the region.
The objects of research were cultivars ‘Bezostaya 1’,
taken as a standard, ‘Tanya’, ‘Grom’, ‘Sila’, ‘Ligue 1’,
‘Irishka’ and ‘Yumpa’, with a specific weight of
strong wheat (excluding the cultivar ‘Bezostaya 1’) -
57.1%, essential - 28.6%, weak - 14 3%. The
predecessors are winter wheat, sunflower, white
mustard. Seed dates: the 20th of September (optimal
for determining the originator of the cultivar) the 1st
and 10th of October. The background of mineral
nutrition is N0P0K0, N60P30K30 and N120-160P90K60. The
soil is an ordinary powerful heavy-loam chernozem
with humus content in the soil layer 0 - 30 cm 3.95 -
4.00%, of mineral nitrogen - 8.3 - 10.7 mg / kg of soil,
of mobile phosphates - 22.4 - 26 6 mg / kg of soil, of
exchangeable potassium - 330 - 360 mg / kg of soil.
Weather conditions during the research were
extremely contrasting, both by the precipitation and by
the temperature conditions. Based on these studies, it
was found that five or six cultivars of this crop that
differ in biological and economic features, the reaction
on the predecessor, soil fertility and sowing terms as
well as adapted to the specific soil and climatic
conditions should be used to obtain consistently high
yields of winter wheat. Well-chosen cultivars, predecessors and sowing terms predecessors allow
without additional cost on the unfertilized background
to increase the yield on 0.20 - 0.79 t / ha. Together
with the growth of yield, the technological quality of
grain is improved: protein content by 0.5 - 2.4%, fibrin
content - 1.7 - 7.6%. The principle of mosaic use of
cultivars with specific predominance of strong wheat
is 57.1%, essential - 28.6%, weak - 14.3%, it allows to
produce the grain when you apply the minimum dose
of 12.5% protein content, 20.9% of fibrin content.
When using N90P60K60 respectively 13.3 and 23.6% at
a dose N120-150P90K60 - 14.4 and 26.8% with an average
of 13.5 - 24.0%
The researches were carried out with the support of the Federal state budget establishment "The development assistance fund of small forms enterprises in scientific-technical sphere" (Fund for the innovation promotion), contract number 0019671. The fodder additive «Nutovit» in growing chickens feeding application enriched mixed fodder for farm poultry with protein and especially with the amino acid such as lysine. Scientific-economic experiment was carried out at the poultry-farm enterprise of the Volgograd region in 2015-2016. 4 growing chicken groups with 54 heads in each group were selected for the experiment. The growing chickens were selected according to the cross, age, living body weight, health status. The difference in experimental poultries feeding was that in the experimental groups the sunflower oil cake in the feed mixture was replaced by fodder additive "Nutovit". It was established, that the essential amino acids availability and the saturation of fodder additives with vitamins influence positively on: young chickens live weight and average daily growth, the live weight to 120-days age in the second experimental group amounted to 1657 g, and average daily growth was to 12.46 g, which is higher compared to the control group by 4.48 % at 100% poultry livability; blood morphological and biochemical composition: formed elements of blood, namely erythrocytes, in the experimental groups young chickens blood were more in 0.02 to 0.05×1012/l compared with the control one. The researches established that blood leukocytes reduction in growing chickens of the experimental group was little, in 0.04, 0.09, 0.08 ×109 l. Calcium content in growing chickens blood in the control group was 2.6 mmol/L. The experimental group surpassed the control on 0.14-0.21 mmol/L. The phosphorus content in chickens blood in the experimental groups exceeded the control one by 0.08-0.24 mmol/l. In addition, the feeding cost reduction was established due to the fodder additive "Nutovit" use
The fattening of Holstein cattle for more than 90 % provides the beef cattle division of the firm «Agrocomplex» based in the village of Vyselki, the Krasnodar region. The share of the Aberdeen Angus breed is 6.3 % and Charolais at 0.6 %. The reason for insufficient supply with fattening complex of Charolais cattle is a high indicator of severe parturition, postpartum complications, and reduced productive longevity of cows of breeding herds of these breeds. In a "Livestock complex" bulls of breeds of Holstein, Charolais and Aberdeen Angus reach the required values of live weight for the established standards of the breeding time. Charolais have the best indicators of absolute and relative weight gain and the shortest feeding season. The profitability of cattle fattening in CJSC company "Agrocomplex" is low, but the efficiency of the industry is ensured by the presence of its own processing plants. To improve the profitability of beef production it is required to increase the proportion of specialized breeds for meat productivity; to generate the most uniform by age and live weight of the group; identify the cause of the high rate of culling of Charolais cows for postpartum complications and take action to address them
27 introduced variety samples of rice from 8 countries
were studied by the complex of biological,
morphological, agronomic traits to select the most
valuable genotypes for including them into breeding
programs on development of cold tolerant rice
varieties. It was found that the studied introduced
varietal samples were characterized by variation in
duration which varied from 120 to 182 days. Variety
samples from Bhutan ATTEY, PARO DUMBJA
(White) had shown response to photoperiod and the
panicles didn’t appear in conditions of Krasnodar
region. During the study there were selected high
productive forms Obongbueo and Tinbubueo from S.
Korea with grain weight 81.67 g / vessel and 74.43 g /
vessel, respectively. According to results of research
there were selected five cold tolerant samples Tong
Jing 29 (China), Giza 178 (Egypt), Istigbol and
Mustagillik (Uzbekistan), ZAKHA (Bhutan),
evaluation result of which were on the same level with
those of standard check variety Kuban 3, as well as
those of samples with increased resistance IR83222-
F8-14 and IR83222-F8-156 (Philippines), PARO
DUMBJA (White) and THIMPHU DUMBJA
(Bhutan). As a result of research there were selected
three introduced rice variety samples Tong Jing 29
(China), Tinbubueo (S. Korea) and SR 30084-F8-156
(Philippines) which by duration, morphotype and
agronomic traits are considered as candidates for
further hybridization and breeding as sources of useful
traits and properties