№ 127(3), March, 2017
Date issued: 31.03.2017
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The Euler function is very important in number theory
and in Mathematics, however, the range of its values in
the natural numbers has not been written off. The
greatest value of the Euler function reaches on Prime
numbers, furthermore, it is multiplicative. The value of
the Euler function is closely associated with the values
of the Moebius function and the function values of the
sum of the divisors of the given natural number. The
Euler function is linked with systems of public key
encryption. The individual values of the Euler function
behave irregularly because of the irregular distribution
of primes in the natural numbers. This tract is
illustrated in the article with charts; summatory
function for the Euler function and its average value
are more predictable. We prove the formula of
Martinga and, based on it, we study the approximation
accuracy of the average value of the Euler function
with corresponding quadratic polynomial. There is a
new feature associated with the average value of the
Euler function and calculate intervals of its values. We
also introduce the concept of density values of the
Euler function and calculate its value on the interval of
the natural numbers. It can be noted that the results of
the behavior of the Euler function are followed by the
results in the behavior of functions of sums of divisors
of natural numbers and vice versa. We have also given
the results of A.Z.Valfish and A.N.Saltykov on this
subject
There is a discussion about the question of the
mechanism of the action of the magnetic field of the
Earth and the Sun on the human body. It is noted that in
the 21st century an international conference on the
subject "Man and electromagnetic fields" is regularly
held, as well as the international congress "Weak and
superweak fields and radiation in biology and
medicine". This indicates the importance of studying
the effect of electromagnetic fields on the human body.
Participants in these conferences and congresses give a
lot of experimental data on the influence of various
factors on various biological objects. However, there is
no theoretical justification for the influence of these
fields on the human body. In this connection, in order to
solve this problem, the article analyzes the atomic
composition of the human body. It is shown that the
human body more than 60% consists of hydrogen
atoms. On the example of a hydrogen atom, the
interaction of the magnetic moment of an electron of an
atom with an external magnetic field is considered. This
leads to a precession motion of the electron's orbit.
Taking into account the fact that photons rotate around
electrons in atoms and the temperature is determined by
the bulk density of photon energy, the appearance of
precessional electron motion will lead to an increase in
the frequency of oscillation of photons and,
consequently, to an increase in their energy and body
temperature. This is confirmed by the fact that the body
temperature changes during the day, and, it is minimal
in the morning and increases by the evening. The
chemical elements of the human body, related to
different groups of magnets, are analyzed. It is noted
that the external magnetic field has the greatest
influence on the state of the human body through a
ferromagnet - iron. It is concentrated in the blood, up to
60% in hemoglobin. It is a complex iron-containing
blood protein, an integral part of erythrocyte - red blood
cells, oxygen carriers. Under conditions of an increase
in the intensity of the external magnetic field or the
immobile state of the body, the orientation of the
individual erythrocytes will increase due to their iron
atoms in the direction of the external field. This will
lead to the pooling of erythrocytes into clusters, that is,
to the formation of unique magnetic domains with a significant increase in the viscosity of the blood and a
decrease in its circulatory ability. The last is confirmed
by the fact that in people suffering from cardiovascular
diseases, heart attacks and strokes most often occur in
the early morning especially during periods of solar
magnetic storms
The article continues the cycle of their studies
associated with the formulation and development of
methods of construction of nonnegative solutions of
inverse problems for dynamic systems. In practice, we
have developed and tested mathematical models of
dynamic systems. The basis of these models was based
on the apparatus of linear algebra, mathematical
analysis, mathematical programming, differential
equations, optimization methods, optimal control
theory, probability theory, stochastic processes,
operations research, game theory, statistical analysis.
The inverse problem in various models of
mathematical Economics was considered rare. These
tasks were sufficiently well investigated in the study of
physical processes. As shown by the analysis of the
theoretical and applied studies of economic processes
they represent considerable interest for practice.
Therefore, the article considered the inverse problem
of the mathematical model, as shown already
introduced the results of other mathematical models,
are of considerable interest in applied and theoretical
research. In this article the authors formulated and
investigated the inverse problem for dynamical
systems zero-order and the model of Keynes. For their
solution, the authors propose to build a system of
algebraic equations, then, using methods of quadratic
programming, to find the best average of mean square
estimation of the model parameter, which are defined
in MS Excel
It was shown before [1,2], that variants of intensity of
γ-quantas of axion origin, induced by the variants of
the magnetic field in the the tacho wedge through the
termomagnetic Ettinshausen-Nernst effect, cause
variations of solar luminance and ultimately
characterise the changes of active and calm state of the
Sun. It is shown in the article in which way the areas
of sunspots are generated by the action of global
dynamo in the convective zone, or in other words,
which fundamental processes connect the sunspots and
solar cycles with the large-scaled magnetic field of the
Sun
Chemical processes are often connected with use or
formation of condensed dispersed phase (CDP).
Dispersed particles can change mobility of charges, as
well as other parameters of the low-temperature plasma.
The aim of this work is to study the effect of magnetic
field on the processes of dispersed particles formation in
argon-oxygen plasma containing iron and carbon atoms
at atmospheric pressure. The equilibrium composition of
iron and carbon atoms containing mixture simulated at
temperatures of 1000-5000K for optimization of the
plasma-forming gas composition. It is shown that in case
of oxygen excess, the CDP particles contain only iron
oxides. The literature data about the phase transition
processes in a low-temperature plasma, as well as the
data about the processes with participation of
ferromagnetic particles in a constant magnetic field
analyzed. The results of investigations of the dispersed
particles forming in argon-oxygen plasma of arc
discharge in the presence and in the absence of the
magnetic field are shown. The formed disperse phase
was deposited on the substrates and studied by the
electron microscopy and X-ray methods. It was found
that with the lack of oxygen the size of the iron-oxide
particles created in the arc discharge containing iron and
carbon is affected by magnetic field: in a magnetic field
of 10 mT the particles are larger than in its absence
In the present article, we investigate the metric of the
crystal space in the general theory of relativity and in the
Yang-Mills theory. It is shown that the presence of a
lattice of gravitational ether has observable macroscopic
consequences. Earlier, the influence of the gravity of the
celestial bodies of the solar system on the electrical
conductivity, inductance, the rate of radioactive decay of
atomic nuclei, on seismic activity, the magnetic field and
the motion of the pole of our planet, and on the rate of
biochemical reactions was established. In all cases, a
similar behavior of the physicochemical characteristics
of materials and processes is observed, depending on the
universal parameters characterizing the seasonal
variations of the gravitational field of the solar system.
The relationship between lattice parameters and the
properties of materials, elements, atomic nuclei, and
elementary particles is discussed. Possible metrics of the
crystal space are constructed: a metric that depends on
the Weierstrass function, derived in the Yang-Mills
theory and analogous metrics found in Einstein's theory.
Such metrics, which have a central symmetry, can be
used to justify the structure of elementary particles, the
properties of atomic nuclei, atoms and matter. Periodic
metrics are constructed that admit an electromagnetic
field, as well as metrics associated with the assumed
structure of the crystal space. These metrics are of
particular interest, since the properties of the substance
are related to the metric parameters. We proposed the
model of electron beam as a streamer of preons
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Macrodeficiency of polymeric materials, including the
pervasive one, is a consequence of the development of
initial microdefects which appear in polymers both
due to external factors and during their processing.
This article solves the task of identification the
interrelation and interdependence of structural
microdefects of various polymeric materials,
consisting in the estimation of the structural
parameters under uniaxial deformation. It is
experimentally shown that the process of changing
microdefects in the material bulk begins to flow more
intensely during deformation of the material, having
anisotropic structures in the bulk. Change of the
parameters of microdefects is not observed compared
to the starting material at small quantities of the
deformation. In the area of deformation corresponding
to the transition of the material from isotropic to
anisotropic state parameters of microdefects do not
depend on the degree of deformation of the sample,
and abrupt changes of the parameters of microdefects
are observed after completing the formation of
anisotropic patterns. It is shown experimentally the
identity of the parameters of microdefects in the bulk
material (rubber-based natural caoutchouc) during
deformation with the quantities of local deformations
at the edge of the artificially created macrodefects.
Under uniaxial deformation more than 280-300% and
the growth of the quantities of local deformations
come out at the edge of the artificially created
macrodefects and normalized linear dimension k and
decrease the total number n of microdefects
Life Sciences
In the article we consider illustrative images of rare
pumpkin cultures presented in stamps of different
countries. In this work, we analyze stamps which
represent rare pumpkin cultures. Stamps are reflection
of the economy; they portray agriculture and elements
of technology of agricultural production.
Cucurbitaceae family includes a large number of
species that are very different from each other in the
form of fruits, in purpose, in origin. The objective of
our study was to conduct a visual analysis of rare
pumpkin crops, which are used in the world; to reflect
the research progress on the introduction and the
achievement of breeding work. The article provides an
analysis of several cultures: momordika (Momordica
charantia L.), Kiva (Kiwano), horned melon, cucumber
Antilles, (Cucumis metuliferus L.); Akantositsios
Naudin (Acanthosicyos naudinianus L.); momordica
balsamina (Momordica Balsamina L.); koktsiniya
(Coccinia sessifolia L.); luffa cylindrical (Luffa
cylindrica L.); Lagenaria (Lagenaria siceraria
(Molina) Standl.); cucumber snake (Trichosanthes
anguina L.); antilles cucumber, anguria (Cucumis
anguria L.); african cucumber (Cucumis africanus
Lindl); wax gourd (Benincasa hispida (Thunb)
Cogn..); chayota or mexican cucumber (Sechium edule
Swartz). The analysis of the iconography of images of
rare pumpkin crops in stamps of different countries
allowed us to see the history of culture introduction of
wild pumpkin from the local and foreign flora
The article presents experimental data on the research
of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with mean diameter 15
nm and 50 nm effect on seeds germination and growth
of 3-day-old etiolated coleoptiles and roots. Compared
with distilled water (control) initial colloidal solution
of 15 nm and 50 nm GNPs (57 µg/ml) had no
significant impact on seeds germination and growth of
coleoptiles and roots. However, in both cases a weak
tendency to stimulation of the coleoptile growth and
root growth inhibition was observed. Reduction of 15
nm GNPs concentration down to 10 µg/ml and 1
µg/ml had not effect on the growth of the seedlings,
but stimulated seed germination up to twofold.
Similar concentrations of 50 nm GNPs exerted the
stimulating effect on seed germination (twofold) and
the growth of root and coleoptiles. Seedlings grew
especially intensive in colloidal GNPs solution with
Au concentration of 10 µg/ml. Temperature rise of 2
degrees (from 25°C to 27°C) resulted in growth
increase of control 3-day-old seedlings and opposite
effect of 50 nm GNPs: coleoptiles and roots growth
fell behind control seedlings growth by 16-17%.
However, on the 4th day, the relative growth
slowdown of control seedlings occurred at 27°C and
growth stimulation effect under the influence of 50
nm GNPs appeared again. Over time, the stimulating
effect of 50 nm GNPs decreased: at the end of October it weakened, and in November – beginning of
December, it was no observed for the roots, and there
was a decline in coleoptiles growth. However, in all
cases the effect of stimulation of seeds germination
persisted under the influence of 50 nm GNPs,
weakening by December. We hypothesize the
molecular mechanisms of biological action of GNPs
Investigation variability of morphological features of
Iris halophila an introduction in Central Yakutia.
Dependence of morphological variability of Iris
halophila on quantity of dropping-out rainfall in
initial habitats is revealed
The results of scientific investigations in specifying
environmental and faunal composition of soil
invertebrates at agricultural landscapes of steppe zone
of the Krasnodar region are presented this article.
Observed territory is represented with four main
classes of animals: Insecta (insects), Crustacea
(cancroid), Myriapoda (myriapod), Olygochaeta
(worms with small bristles). Those animals were the
subject of further descriptions of territory. Some
peculiarities and regularities of quantity and taxonomic
compound of mesofauna, depending on technological
methods that are being used for cultivation of
agricultural crops in experimental farming JSC
“Zavety Il’icha” of the Leningrad district, are
considered. The observed area is mostly populated
with soil inhabitants (68,7%) that include such families
as Geophilomorpha (geofila), Lithobiomorpha
(drupes), Julidae (millipede), Enchytraeidae,
Lumbricidae (earth worms). It was found that the use
of complex compost (as an alternate method of
cultivating the winter wheat and the sugar beet) has a
positive impact on a biological activity of ordinary
chernozem. The introduction of complex compost
optimized the ecological state of agrolandscape
system, which is associated with activation of biophilic
elements at upper soil layer. An upgrade of soil
structure, water-holding capacity and agrochemical
properties creates enabling environment for the vital
activity of invertebrates and for their trophic
cooperation with the habitats
The results of studying the ordinary pine condition in
geographical cultures of the Central forest-steppe are
cited in the article. The general pattern of the ordinary
pine intraspecific variability is represented. The data of
origin influence on safety, efficiency, qualitative
adjectives are presented. The pattern of ecotypes
adaptability to new environment conditions is
presented
Physical Sciences and Engineering
In the author's interpretation we consider concepts and methods of science, such as science, knowledge, model, gnosticism and agnosticism, the principle of Ashby, facts, empirical regularity, empirical law, scientific law, and others. We have formulated the main problem of the science, concluding that cognitive abilities of a human are limited and do not provide effective knowledge in a very large volume of data. The solution to this problem is to look at ways of automation of scientific research. Traditionally, we use information-measuring systems and automated systems research (ASNI) for this. However, the mathematical methods used in these systems, impose strict impracticable requirements to the source data, which dramatically reduces the effectiveness and applicability of these systems in practice. Instead of having to submit to the source data impracticable requirements (like the normality of the distribution, absolute accuracy and complete replications of all combinations of values of factors and their full independence and additivity) automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) offers (without any pre-processing) to understand the data and thereby convert them into information and then convert this information to knowledge by its application to achieve targets (i.e. for controlling) and for solution for problems of classification, decision support and meaningful empirical research of the modeled subject area. ASC-analysis is a systematic analysis, considered as a method of scientific cognition. This is a highly automated method of scientific knowledge that has its own developed and constantly improving software tool – an intellectual system called "Eidos". The system of "Eidos" has been developed in a generic setting, independent of any domain and can be applied in all subject areas, in which people apply their natural intelligence. The "Eidos" system is a tool of cognition, which greatly increases the possibility of natural intelligence, just like microscopes and telescopes multiply the possibilities of vision (but in this case only if you have this possibility). The study proposes a new view of the models: phenomenological meaningful model, which is currently represented only by systemic cognitive models, and which is currently in the middle between empirical and theoretical knowledge. The system called "Eidos" is considered as a tool of automation of the learning process, providing meaningful synthesis of phenomenological models directly on the basis of empirical data
A number of small-sized machines for division of loose
materials on the basis of screw drums created with use
of engineering geometry and computer graphics
methods, in particular of the engineering geometry
section: curves and surfaces. In these machines, unlike
the known ones, the effect of the movement of bulks on
the curvilinear surfaces of screw reels with imposing of
low-frequency fluctuations from the vibrator on this
main movement is used. Such addition of two
movements does not only increase productivity, but also
provides self-cleaning of the sifting surfaces of screw
drums. The standard machine’s schemes are presented
with use of low-frequency fluctuations on the basis of
the screw drums made of several screw punched strips
with smooth screw lines on perimeter and also of screw
drums of only one of punched strips with various form of
cross section of the sifting surface
Based on the complex of studies carried out, the
formulation of wafers (wafer sheets) enriched with
food additives "Powder from the tubers of Jerusalem
artichoke" and skimmed sunflower lecithin was
developed, as well as the formulation of fat filling
enriched with a complex of food additives "Powder
from tubers of Jerusalem artichoke", "Powder from
hips" And low-fat sunflower lecithin. A recipe was
developed and an assessment of the organoleptic and
physicochemical parameters of enriched waffles with a
filling was made. The storage period, ensuring safety
and maximum preservation of consumer properties,
was established. The study of the nutritional value of
the developed waffles with filling allowed to establish
that in comparison with the control sample they
contain inulin and vitamin C, while the degree of
satisfaction of the daily demand for these nutrients
with consumption of 100 g of the developed product is
16.46 and 24.65% respectively. In addition, the
developed products, in comparison with the control
sample, are characterized by an increased content of
dietary fiber, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron,
vitamins B1, B2 and B6
Recent research shows that patterns of stock market
indices may contain useful information for the
prediction of the stock market price. Currently, there
are two basic pattern recognition algorithm: Match the
rule and pattern matching. However, both algorithms
require the participation of experts in the subject area.
To solve these problems, the proposed approach is the
recognition of patterns stock exchange indexes based
on artificial neural networks. The experiment shows
that the neural network is able to effectively study the
characteristics of patterns and recognize them with
high accuracy
Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific and patent literature, options for reducing the weight of electro technical steel in the magnetic circuits of electrical machines are explored. We have carried out a search for the best options of technology for the manufacture of magnetic cores of the stators of induction motors, aimed at increasing the utilization factor of electrical steel and improving the energy performance of electric machines. All options are described in detail and illustrated by drawings. We have listed the advantages and disadvantages of each method of manufacturing magneto-wires and the reasons why certain proposals of manufacturing technology cores have not been implemented in mass production. A variant of technology of manufacture of annular magnetic cores for mechanical induction electric motors is offered. The essence of mechanical design is to replace the laminated stator and rotor twisted from a strip of electrical steel, wound in the form of a ring with the simultaneous breaking-hell grooves with variable pitch under the stator windings and squirrel cage of the rotor coils. The effectiveness of the use of volute stator in mechanical electrical machines is confirmed in frequent controlled asynchronous torsion engine when tested pilot batch of the mechanical single-phase asynchronous motors for washing machines. This technology almost completely eliminates the problem of technological wastes of electro-technical steel regardless of the form of the stator bore (cylindrical, conical, flat end or flat line); it allows fully automate the manufacture of magnetic cores, greatly simplifies the stamps, makes them more durable
Nowadays there are sorbents, both natural, and
modified, which allow to clear waters from variety of
pollutants simultaneously, for example from ions of
heavy metals and petroleum. We have received a new
modified sorbent with use of a sol-method. The given
sorbent represents beads in common besieged
magnesium hydroxide and aluminum having layered
structure. For the characteristic of the structure of the
researched systems we have carried out an X-ray
analysis. Studying the mechanism of interaction of the
sorbent with ions of heavy metals was carried out with
the use of the research of chemical structure of the
sorbent and the condition of adsorbed ions by methods
of IR spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. The conclusion
was made, that modified inorganic sorbent on a basis
of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum has a number
of distinctive features and advantages comparing to
other filtering materials
The article is devoted to ensuring safe operation of
industrial thermal aggregates of low power. The
problem of ensuring trouble-free operation of power
stations on the channel of control of a flame is
considered. The main attention is paid to the
requirement of speed of control of a flame. The
reasonable method of calculation of the lower
temporary parameter of operation of system of
automatic protection on the researched channel is for
this purpose given. At the same time, parameters of
fuel-air mix of gases in furnace amount, design
features of the furnace aggregate, thermal losses which
accompany explosion in a fire chamber of the power
station are considered
This article discusses a method of improving the
reliability and efficiency of technological systems of
grain harvesting by creating a resource-efficient stock
of parts from scrapped units. We consider the
theoretical background to the calculation of resourcesaving
supply of parts and components from recycled
aggregates. The four conditions under which the
multinomial distribution law c a sufficient degree of
accuracy is reduced to other mathematical models. To
assess a working hypothesis, a study was conducted of
the accumulated frequencies of the ratio of change of
the COP predominant item of consumable spare parts
(HRA) to 9880i combine harvesters SNS (John Deere),
CR-9060 (New Holland) and RSM-181 "Torum-740".
To check the working hypothesis we also studied data
on the failure of structural elements Lexion 580
combine harvesters in operation in the farms of the
Krasnodar region
The article presents the principles of the development
of mobile applications for the operating system called
iOS. Details were considered for popular patterns and
their features
The article presents the new criteria suitable for the
diagnosis of the productivity of research and the
importance of its results for the scientific community, are resistant to artificially "improve". It is known that
generally accepted measure of the productivity of
research scientists is the h-index, which is calculated
based on a statistical method of scree. This indicator is
applicable to research teams (organizations). However,
the h-index and a number of other scientometric
indicators based on citation, are easy to be artificially
increased (fraudulent schemes action). New
scientometric parameters adequately reflecting the
importance of research results, and not amenable (or
very difficult to) to be artificially "improved" are
therefore needed; moreover, it is recognized around
the world: the true score (not fictitious) of the
significance of the results of a research scientist for the
scientific community - is a complex metrological
(scientometric) task. The authors argued that such
indicators are primarily index latitude demand for
research results, as well as a number of other
parameters of copyright. Despite the fact that authors
indicators, the same as the h-index are based on
citation, their large values indicate that the scientific
community recognizes the results of the research
activities of scientific and pedagogical workers;
moreover, these indicators can be considered as a
criterion to identify really promising (productive)
researchers. The problem of adequate assessment of
the productivity of research activities and the
significance of its results, the authors consider in the
context of the problems (larger problems) of the
effectiveness of educational environments. The
practical significance of research results lies in the
possibility of their use for constructing criteriondiagnostic
apparatus for monitoring research activities
of scientific institutions (including higher educational
institutions). Research methodology: systemic, metasystemic,
probabilistic-statistical and qualitative
approaches. Research methods: cognitive, structural,
functional, and mathematical modeling; methods of
graph theory, sets and relations; system-cognitive
analysis; methods of quality control (theory of latent
variables); methods of probability theory and
mathematical statistics (first of all – a method of
scree), methods of analytical geometry; methods of the
mathematical theory of limits
The article presents a computer program, which define automobile transport demand for the transport service of harvesters in the grain harvesting process. The program has a simple and intuitive user interface, a flexible setting system. It allows to change the source data for needs everything agricultural companies. It doesn’t require an installation and it can function in everything operation systems, which is fitted for Microsoft office applications acting. It doesn’t require a special studying or deep knowing in a mathematical statistic for using. Everyone specialist can use the program in an agricultural enterprise. The program considers distribution laws of stochastic parts of the grain harvesting process. These process features are important to consider due to using of determination values give very rough results. If there are mistakes in the structure design of the harvesting-transport complex then there are nonproductive machines downtimes or the harvest losing. Using the program gives better organization of the transport service in the grain harvesting process, and it can give the economical effect. It is especially important in modern competitive conditions at the worldwide market of agricultural products and also at the interior market with consideration of external economical sanctions and with consideration of the declared import replacement course. The successful work of agricultural enterprises defines the country's food security and it turns down the oil dependency of the Russian economy
There were presented comparative analysis’ results of
criteria rice quality used in Russian and international
standards. Also there were shown summarized
statistical analysis’ results of rice quality that was
processed in 2013-2016 on rice mill plant at
“Krasnodarzernoprodukt” Company. The purpose of
research was to find factors that had influence on
combining rice bulk effectiveness on specialized
elevator. It was found that diapason of rice moisture
content was quite small. Red rice content was ranging
from 1.08 to 5.10 % with confidence interval of 1.98-
2.56 % that is evidence of small amounts of rice bulks
with extreme high or low red rice content. Broken rice
content varied in the wide range from 3.43 to 9.26 %
with confidence interval from 5.84 to 7.26 % that
shows necessity in length grading procedure applying
for broken kernels removing at the elevator unit.
Grain impurities content exceeded basic norm in 3-4
times that is a sign of low efficiency in the process of
separation. During the treatment of rice bulks
combined at the grain cleaning unit of rice plant
broken rice cereals output varied in wide range from 3
to 9 % during single shift that is seems to be connected
with kernels cracking increasing and rice moisture
decreasing. Moreover, rice bran output also varied in a
wide diapason from 10.2 to 17.0 % that could be
explained by big swing in rice moisture, glassy texture
and cracking of rice grains. According to our research
it was investigated that current rice quality control system that is a base instrument of rice bulks forming
for further processing is not quite efficient and as a
result there should be created and implemented new
methods and technical devices for quick and proper
grain control that could assure stable technological
regimes at different stages of rice treatment process
and that would provide the best quality and the biggest
output of rice cereals
It has long been known that mountain glacier water has special properties. It was found that such water contains fewer molecules with the heavy isotope of hydrogen - deuterium. On Earth, there are constant evaporation-condensation processes. The resulting protium water falls as rain. It is noted that the body of animals, as well as tropical fruits and vegetables containing water with an isotopic composition close to the composition of rainwater into these areas. When the nuclear industry began to produce heavy water, a byproduct of the production was the light water, which had a lower content of deuterium. Over a lifetime, a person drinks about 80 tons of water. As a result, the body receives 12-16 g deuterium and associated oxygen isotope 18O. This leads to damage to the genes, premature aging and the development of cancer. Numerous studies have identified a positive impact of light water on the growth of plants and living organisms. The biological effects of light water include the ability to optimize the biological reaction rate, the stimulation of cell division, radioprotective properties and antimutagenic effect. In Russia and abroad patented several methods and devices for producing light water, with severe medical and cosmetic properties. This water has become popular among the population. It has a higher value in comparison with typical drinking water. The article describes one of such units. In order to achieve its goals there occurs treatment of drinking water and low electromagnetic field is extremely low frequency. This plant is used to produce food protium water in the laboratory. It allows you to clean tap water from the deuterium content of tritium, salts and contaminants
The article deals with the issues of comparing the terms of ACS and IS with reference to automation in agriculture. In the technical literature, at conferences, in educational disciplines of higher education institutions, such terms as: information systems (IS), information technologies (IT), automated control systems (ACS) are often encountered. These terms are widely applied to the relevant objects in the subject areas under consideration. The area of coverage of the objects using these terms is very wide and in each case the definition of the applied term is either not specified at all considered self-explanatory, or the term is defined with various levels of detalization. In the latter case, the thoughtful researcher falls into some confusion or generally tries not to touch upon this question. In the article, on the basis of a review of known literary sources, it is shown which concepts are denoted by these terms when considering automation issues in agriculture. The subject of the study is the use of the terms IT, IS, ACS in works on automation in agriculture. The subject of the study is questions of comparison of the terms ACS and IS. The aim of the study is to indicate that automated IS is a more general concept than ACS
The problem of environmental protection from the contamination by toxic products, contained in the exhaust gases, is one of the most topical in the modern world.
Nitrogen oxides and soot particles are the most toxic.
Getting into the environment and the human body, they cause heavy chronic disease and significantly impair the quality of animal and plant products. The developed gas purification system SCR, the technology of plasma purification of exhaust gases have not found wide practical applications because of their high value.
The study of papers dedicated to reducing exhaust gas toxicity shows that the use of combined means of purification, which usually include mechanical, thermal and catalytic methods of purification, is the most effective. Our work deals with the issue of purifying the diesel engine exhaust from fine particulate matter resulting in the combustion of fuel and oil motor partly.
The article notes that the carbon is not magnetic, so the use of a magnetic field acting as an agent for the purification of exhaust gas from the carbon soot particles is impossible. The purification in a centrifugal field requires the creation of structurally complex centrifuges, so it is ineffective. We consider the possibility of purifying the exhaust gases from the soot particles in the electrostatic field. The device presents the collecting electrode, which is shaped as a cylinder, and an axial central electrode, which is mounted on an insulated spacer within the cylindrical body. The study deals with the physical and mathematical simulation of processes occurring in the proposed device of the purification of exhaust gases. The equality of the Coulomb force and the Stoks force determines the magnitude of the electrostatic field strength that is necessary for the purification of exhaust gas from the soot particles. We have identified the desired length of the collecting electrode
When combustion of fuel in thermal power plants,
combustion products are formed, which contain: fly
ash, particles of unburnt pulverized fuel, sulfuric and
sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, gaseous products of
incomplete combustion, sodium salts, soot particles,
calcium dioxide, etc. Getting into the atmosphere, they
cause great harm to the components of the biosphere.
The article presents a laboratory analysis of industrial
emissions into the atmosphere of 1-7 power units for
2015 and 2016 at Novocherkassk State District Power
Plant. The components NO2, NO, CO, SO2, C (soot)
have been determined. It is established that for the
whole observed period of excess of maximum
permissible emissions was not revealed. Emissions of
each of the components are within the same level and
are stable
The article describes the current state of the transition
to paperless exchange of documented information. The
general trend of application of information
technologies in the field of document management is
linked to the concepts of "electronic government" and
"information society". The article gives an overview of
the legal and regulatory framework the concept of
"electronic government" in Russia. We present the
dynamics of modern forms of communication and
creating unified information space to ensure efficient,
effective interaction of society and the state, including
the transition to work with documents in electronic
form, on education and science. The author has
conducted a detailed analysis of the functioning of the
module of "Interaction" between the Ministry of
education and science and its subordinate
organizations; we have also identified technological
features of exchange document information. Based on
the analysis, we give the evaluation of the
implementation of the module of "Interaction"; we
emphasize the urgency and high efficiency of
information exchange, as well as comfort for users
Life Sciences
The article is devoted to the estimation of the
dependence of perennial grass herbage’s productivity
on the dose and distribution of nitrogen fertilizers
during the vegetation, as well as from the dynamics of
the species composition by years of use. It was
revealed that for cocksfoot-timothy grass mixture an
increase in the rate of nitrogen fertilizer for every 10
kg of active ingredient leads to an increase of yield by
0.27 tons/ha. The selection of components of grass
mixtures and rational fertilizer doses forms the herbage
which provides a yield of about 7,0-12,0 tons/ha of dry
mass and 58,1-99,6 GJ of energy exchange. It is
established that competitive relations in grass mixtures
are exacerbated with increasing doses of fertilizers.
The timothy grass develops successfully in a mixture
with the cocksfoot with a low level of mineral nutrition
(N80). A high level of mineral nutrition speeds up the
formation of single-species herbage - the cocksfoot.
Meadow fescue grass provides sustainable yields on
medium and high backgrounds of mineral fertilizers in
combination with the cocksfoot. Recommendations for
a nitrogen dose of more than 200 kg per hectare for
fertilizing mixed grass crops with the cocksfoot and
about 100 kg per hectare for clover-cereals mixtures
without cocksfoot are suggested
Sorghum is cultivated in many countries of the world
on around 50 ml hectares. The main producers of
sorghum are India, Nigeria, Sudan and the USA.
Sorghum comes from equatorial Africa. India and
China are the secondary places of origin and formation.
The USA achieved great success in breeding, seedgrowing
and agro technologies of grain sorghum. In the
country sorghum occupies 14.4% of the world amount
of sowing areas; the gross yield is 40%. Sorghum
breeding on Don was started by E.S. Yakushevsky in
1938. In 1963 after a long break the work was restarted
at the Zernograd Breeding Station headed by Ya.I.
Issakov. At present the amount of sowing areas for
sorghum is constantly increasing in RF (220.3 thousand
ha in 2015). It occurs due to aridity of climate and more
frequent use of the crop as insurance. Besides, the
development of white kernel varieties gave an
opportunity to use sorghum for starch and spirit. There
are 221 varieties and hybrids of sorghum registered in
the State List. The main directions of breeding work
with grain sorghum are early maturity, suitability for
mechanical harvesting, productivity and grain quality.
The ARRIGC developed the white kernel early
maturing varieties ‘Velikan’, ‘Zernogradskoe 88’,
‘Ataman’ without necessity to be dried after harvesting,
with productivity of 8 t/ha. The main directions of breeding work with sweet sorghum are early maturity,
high intensity of initial growth, low height, resistance to
lodging, high productivity and quality of green chop.
The ARRIGC developed the varieties for fodder use
(‘Listvenit’), for spirit and treacle (‘Debyut’ and
‘Zernogradsky Yantar’). Sorghum due to origin and
varietal diversity even in dry and hot parts of the world
allow obtaining stable, high yields of grain and green
chop. This makes sorghum the leading grain-forage and
food crop
Petrovsky garden was founded in 1703 and is the most
important historical object of landscape architecture in
Petrozavodsk. Tikhon Balandin made a description and
drawing of Petrovsky garden at the beginning of the
19th century. He completed his work by studying and
measuring the fragments of the earthen fortress, blast
furnace and the location of the destroyed palace, pond
and birch garden. On the basis of the historical
documents, we created a 3D model of Petrovsky
garden using of modern computer-aided design. Threedimensional
model of the garden allows viewing the
object from different angles, gives an idea about
structure and compositions of the garden on a new
visual level. Some examples of visualization garden
fragments were presented at the article. Now the
garden doesn’t have its original structure. The
historical garden layout and 3D model of object can be
used for reconstruction of Petrovsky garden
With the possible radioactive contamination of the
territory, as a result of emergency situations at
enterprises of the nuclear fuel cycle, there occurs a
task of further use of the soil for agricultural purposes.
Researches on the cultivation on contaminated areas of
fruit plants in the conditions of the Krasnodar region
were not carried out. As a result of the experiment in
the field we received experimental material on
migration and 90Sr accumulation in vegetative and
generative organs of cherry-plum. Research lasted for
8 years. The accumulation of 90Sr, placed on the
surface of the soil, in the bark, wood, leaves, and fruit
was 7,0×102
; 4,8×102
; 9,7×102
and 1.8 ×102Bq/kg.
With the penetration of 90Sr in soil at 50 cm
accumulation in the bark, wood, leaves, and fruit were:
5,1×102
; 3,0×102
; 6,9×102
; 1,4×102Bq/kg. The
experimental material obtained in the field makes it
possible to calculate the coefficients of the nuclide
transition from polluted soil to the various organs of
the studied plant and to make a forecast of the possible
use of contaminated areas for the cultivation of fruit
crops. Radioactive contaminated areas cannot be left
without proper control, since, firstly, non-planted
fields are exposed to wind and water erosion of soils,
which leads to rapid and large-scale pollution of the
environment and, secondly, if it is possible to obtain
products from such fields, this should be done for
economic reasons
The results of the study of physiological and biochemical parameters of plum plants, changing when infecting plants Plum pox potyvirus (PPV) are shown. It was found that the infected leaves at the stage of full development of the content chlorophyll a reduced by 30 % in variety Stanley and by 6 % in Kabardinskaya rannaya, chlorophyll b in less than 49 % at Stanley, 37% in Kabardinskaya rannaya, carotenoids are less than 22 % in the variety Stanley and by 11% in the variety Kabardinskaya rannaya . Leaves infected with the virus pox (PPV), in comparison with not infected, the amount of protein were decreasing: in the variety Stanley by 21 %, in the variety Kabardinskaya rannaya by 28 %. In the period of active growth of the leaves change in the content of pigments and protein is more intense. The content of lignin in the tissues of leaves, infected with the virus pox (PPV), in comparison with not infected in the variety Stanley was below on 13 % and in the variety Kabardinskaya rannaya - 8 %. The total content of water of infected tissue on the stage of a full-time development is reduced in patients leaves as compared with not infected 11 % in the variety Stanley and by 1 % in the variety of Kabardinskaya rannaya. Throughout the period of development of foliage studied parameters vary depending on the variety
To improve the quality, safety and competitiveness
of the domestic raw materials of animal origin the
use of probiotics in the poultry industry is a priority
and promising direction of the development of
organic agriculture. One of the key problems of the
production of probiotics is to provide actively
stable preparations. Biocompatibility of the
indigenous microflora with probiotics, medical
form and individual range of antibacterial activity
of probiotics have a significant impact on the
introduction of probiotics in new habitat conditions
and its effectiveness. Consideration of these factors
can enhance the effectiveness of probiotics.
Currently, the available literature has insufficient
justification of certain doses of administration and
methods of using different probiotic preparations.
The materials present and summarize the results of
the research concerning the use of probiotics in the
poultry industry, based on the achievements of
Russian and foreign scientists. In addition, based
on the analysis of various sources of scientific
literature, we suggest ways to solve the problem of
probiotic therapy and give some recommendations
on the organization of the technological process of
selection and application of different probiotics in
poultryfeeding. Raw meat from poultry reared with
the use of probiotic preparations is safe, because
metabolites of probiotic microorganisms are not
accumulate in the body tissues. Researches of
biosynthesis regularities of probiotics were made at
the cellular level, including genetic aspects,
features of regulation of secretion, dependence on
the cultivation conditions, interaction with binding
sites on the cell surface, participation in the vital
activity of the population of individual cells. The
use of probiotics contributes to normalization of
the intestinal microflora, activation of protein
metabolism, productivity increase, reduction of
feed costs per unit of production and increasing of
poultry industry economic efficiency as a whole
Barley is one of the important fodder crops. In modern
Russia barley is sown throughout the farming areas.
The effectiveness of barley cultivation in some years is
reduced due to the infestation with helminthosporiosis.
Net blotch of barley Drechslera teres is a widespread
and highly destructive disease in the world including
Russia. In recent years the disease has been
progressing in all grain-producing countries. Yield
reduction due to the strong development of the blotch
can reach up to 45%. Most cultivated barley varieties
are susceptible to Drechslera teres. Нelminthosporiosis
are characterized by greater variability and rapid
adaptation to new varieties of host plants. In order to
solve successfully the problem of barley immunity to
net blotch it’s necessary to conduct genetics and
population studies of the Hordeum vulgare -
Drechslera teres pathosystem
Ferrourtikavit is a biologically active additive (BAA)
derived from common nettle supplemented with micro
nutrient elements (titanium, vanadium, molybdenum,
zinc, copper, iron, tin, chromium, manganese, barium).
Ferrourtikavit is manufactured from local vegetable
raw materials, however its application in feeding dairy
cows is not sufficiently studied. Therefore, the
application of the BAA ferrourtikavit in animal
feeding with a view to increase milk production is
relevant. The aim of the research conducted is to
investigate the impact of the BAA ferrourtikavit on the
overall nutritional value of animal diet and reduction
of food consumption. The experiment was conducted
on four groups of black-motley breed dairy cows.
Formation of the experimental groups (15 animals per
each group) was performed on the third lactation,
taking into account age, productivity during the
previous lactation, breed characteristics, live weight.
The main diet consisted of hay, haylage, succulent
fodder, concentrates. Additionally to basic diet the 2nd
,
3
rd and 4th experimental groups obtained the BAA
ferrourtikavit at the doses of 0,25, 0,50 and 0,75 mg/kg
of live weight, respectively. It has been established
that the animals from the experimental groups (2nd, 3rd
and 4th) consumed 43,9-51,3 energetic feed units less,
439,4-513,5 MJ metabolic energy less, 56,4 – 62,0 kg
dry matter less, 1,1 – 1,6 kg digestible protein less.
The lowest feed consumption was noted among the
animals from the 3rd experimental group, in the basic
diet of which the BAA ferrourtikavit in an amount of
0,50 mg/kg of live weight was introduced. The research conducted established, that application of the
biologically active additive ferrourtikavit in the diet of
lactating cows at the dose of 0,5 mg/kg of live weight
led to the highest milk yields 4678±45,17 kg. In the
experienced groups, increase in milk yields, decrease
in concentrates' utilization as well as costs of 1 kg milk
as compared to the control group were registered
The results of the study farm «Zavet Ilyicha» JSC,
Leningrad district of Krasnodar region, are presented
in article to study the role of rolling phosphorus in soil
samples, organic fertilizers and grain output of winter
wheat. We examined the relationship between the
content of phosphorus in the soil and fertilizers are
introduced and subsequently with the quality of the
harvest of grain. To receive high harvests of crops,
primarily need adequate amounts of phosphorus in
soils in an accessible form. The next important step is
the use of different fertilizers (mineral and organic)
under crops. Without the use of fertilizers cannot
return key for plants of nutrients, such as phosphorus,
nitrogen and sodium in the soil, since agricultural
products makes the nutrients. What dose of fertilizer
use and profitable forms of these fertilizers, solves
every household depending on culture, soil, climate
and economy. We received during the research the
following results: for 4 year average contents of
phosphorus in soils of agro-landscape in General, au
pairs amounted to 27.2–31.4 mg/kg. Average levels of
phosphorus in the soils crop rotation fields amounted
to 26.9 and 30.9 mg/kg. Maximum values amounted to
115.0 mg/kg, while the minimum is about 3.0 mg/kg.
Also conducted analyses on the contents of rolling
phosphorus in manure polupereprevshem pigs and
cattle. Marked by a very significant gap in content of
phosphorus, which is associated with significant
differences in their feeding. In grain of winter wheat
for 4 years, phosphorus content accounted for at an
average of 3.41 g/kg; minimum and maximum
performance from 2.35 to 4.47 g/kg, in 2012.
Compared with 2012 phosphorus concentrations in
grain of winter wheat has gradually increased to 2015,
and accounted for 3.47 g/kg with minimum and
maximum thresholds ranging from 2.05 to 4.89 g/kg
DYNAMICS OF CATALASE ACTIVITY IN THE LEAVES OF APPLE TREES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR FERTILIZING
The research was conducted studying the effect of
various system of foliar fertigation on catalase activity
in the apple orchard with drip irrigation in 2013-2014.
The object of research were apple trees of
Zhigulevskoye variety grafted on rootstock 62-396 in
experimental intensive apple orchard of I.V. Michurin
FSC which had been planted in 2007. During
vegetation, the following indices were determined in
apple tree leaves in dynamics: catalase activity by
gasometrical method of M.I Lishkevich on the 3rd and
5
th day after treatments, the content of nitrogen
(Kjeldahl method), phosphorus (KFK-3), potassium
and calcium (Jenway PFP-7). Data were statistical
processed according to the generally accepted methods
described by B.A. Dospekhov. It has been established
that foliar fertigation increased catalase activity on the
3
rd day after treatment, which then decreases to normal
values. So, treatments acted as a stress factor.
Correlation of catalase activity with nitrogen content in
the leaves increased, and with calcium content
decreased as the number of megafol mixed with
calcium calbit treatments was enlarged. Using tank
mixtures for multiple treatments with combination of
antistress preparations and calcium-containing
agrochemicals allows to moderate significantly the
stress effect of foliar fertilizing on plants
The article presents the results of the study of yield, mechanical and biochemical composition of Merlot grape vine variety and its two clones in the conditions of Taman and Anapa subzone of the Krasnodar region. Clones differ from the maternal variety by the large number of berries in the bunch, the mass of the berry, the average mass of the bunch and the yield. Maternal variety and its clones are characterized by very close percentages of berries and combs in the bunch and by indicators of the structure, composition and structure of the bunch. By the yield of juice percentage, in different growth areas clones showed the same results as the original variety. According to the content of glucose, fructose, organic acids (wine, apple, citric, succinic), potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium cations in the juice of berries, there is no reliable differences between the original variety and its clones. The content of dry substances, sugars, titrated acids, and the sugar-acid coefficient depended on the yield, but in general, they were favorable for the production of wine materials and juices. Merlo phanagoriiskii and Merloc are ecologically plastic and belong to the first group of varieties that retain their valuable characteristics in different areas of growth
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article discusses the economic potential of renewable
energy sources and prospects of their use in Russia,
in particular, in the Krasnodar region. Briefly describe
all sources of renewable energy, their energy
potential, discussed in detail the potential of biogas
The acceleration of the reproduction process
intensifies the traditional contradiction of any
organization between strategic goal setting and
necessity to react efficiently and adaptively to
situational changes of the market that in its turn
supposes the presence of institutes and mechanisms of
such qualities as flexibility and adaptability on the one
hand, and sustainability on the other at organizational
structures. That is, in modern and restructured
organizations initially when they are created, such
properties as adaptive and flexible shapes, structures,
mechanisms and tools must be laid. It implies the
search of new methodological approaches which are
the most relevant to this situation and, in particular, the
finding of the solution of the contradiction between the
search of standard approaches and creative decisions
between formalization and self-organization
Foreign investments are one of the integral parts in the structure of international capital flows. There are various forms of foreign capital. In the analysis of these forms general principles to the classification of investments that involve, and sometimes reglamentary, their separation on targets, deadlines, investments, forms of ownership of resources investment, risks and other characteristics can be used. Investment activity may be represented in the form of investments, regardless of their source of income and outflow in the country of investment, different forms to obtain economic benefits (profit) and the achievement of other macro - and micro - goals of the government. Analysis of the data of The Rosstat and Bank of Russia indicates that in the Russian Federation there is a significant decline in the inflow and outflow of foreign investment and the export of capital, as before, exceeds import, which characterizes the investment climate unfavorable to investment of foreign capital in the Russian economy. This phenomenon is due to the anti-Russian sanctions aimed at reducing Russia's influence in the international relationships and reduce its capacity. International investment cooperation does not meet potential opportunities. Therefore, it is necessary to not only search for new forms and methods of mutual investments but also search the creation of modern infrastructure investment complex in the field of foreign economic cooperation and strategic partnership. The attraction of foreign investments into the Russian economy requires significant organizational efforts from the Russian federal and regional authorities, and private companies, financial institutions. It should be aimed at reviving the economy and getting access to advanced technologies and methods of management; contribute to the effective production, integration into the world economic system
The concept of the bank of the future is offered in
this article and ways of overcoming risks in bank are
considered. Criteria for evaluation of activity of bank
of the future are marked out. The conceptual model
of the bank of the future is directed to a prediction of
client's wish and the timely offer to him necessary
configured for him services, which will promote
increase of client’s loyalty. Risk card is created for
the bank of the future; it contains groups of
management tools by credit risks and groups of
management tools by credit risks for the loan
portfolio. It's a fact that for overcoming risks in bank
it is required to construct effective system risk –
management, which contains the independent
element - control over accomplishment of planned
activities, the analysis and assessment of results of
the chosen risk decision. Management of business
reputation through risk control become one of the
important element of functioning of bank, being not
only a basis of increase in reputation in the opinion of
partners, contractors and clients, but also a basis of
improvement of financial and economic indicators. It
is necessary for efficiency of functioning of banks in
Russia: financing of the innovative information
technologies, which are applied in banks;
employment of qualified personnel and
corresponding equipment; application of the latest
scientific advances, which are included in process of
creating of banking technologies; interest of
personnel in a result of the work
The article is devoted to solution of actual task of
definition to the modern role of the agro-industrial
complex of Russia in economic theory, in the
globalized world economy. It deals with production in
agriculture, as a developed competitive agricultural
sector, which is the key to food security of the
country's existence. In the work we present the
analysis of factors affecting the development of
agriculture, among which the most important are the
low degree of monopolization of rural producers in
comparison with other sectors of the economy; high
level of capital intensity of agriculture and low
profitability; disparity of prices in the agricultural
sector; high level of competition imports.
The article presents the main issues to be focused for
timely consideration, such as: questions about the
protectionist measures to help the farmers from
Federal agencies; the role of insurance and leasing
organizations in encouraging farmers in replacing
agricultural equipment; the need for effective
assistance of regional authorities in the promotion of
the import substitution program; the identification and
elimination of "bottlenecks" in the promotion of South
Russian grain on the world market; development of
measures to solve other problems constraining the
sector's development. We have also offered a number
of rational and effective interventions for addressing
key management issues of agricultural sector
The article analyzes the role that the recruitment
system plays in the formation of human capital and its
value within the modern Russian company. The article
provides the procedure to evaluate the recruitment
efficiency according to the human capital value in
dynamics. The main principles of efficient recruitment
as an essential part of SHRM are also stated. It is
actually the recruitment system that provides any
organization with staff of a required quality and
quantity. In prospect the recruited staff has to be
developed and trained by the company to fulfill its
needs in the best way that helps to raise the value of
the organizational human capital. It is the efficient
recruiting that lays the foundation for this value
formation. The article compares the human capital
value dynamics in companies with efficient and
insufficient recruitment procedures. Essential aspects
of Russian labor market are taken into account as well
The article is devoted to the study of rating the
creditworthiness of banks. The concept and the process
of ranking have been revealed. The authors give a
retrospective analysis of the development of views on
the formation of ratings in the banking sector.
Particular attention is paid to the methodology of
Moody's, the largest rating agency, which is based not
only on the study of the set of key performance
indicators of the company at the micro and the macro
level, but also takes into account the quality of
company management and current trends in the
industry. On the basis of gradation we made a
comparative analysis of methods of ratings by
Standard and poor's, and Moody's rating agencies,
which allows identifying the unity of their approaches
to evaluating the creditworthiness of companies. Along
with international experience rating, we have studied
Russian experience. We have considered the legal
basis for the activities of Russian ratings agencies and
documents that are the primary source of data for the
evaluation of companies. We study ratability
particularities in domestic practice; in particular, we
have presented criteria for Rating Agency called
Expert RA. The authors presented the forecasted
values of key indicators of the economy of the Russian
Federation, which affect the country's credit rating,
such as GDP, inflation rate, the key rate,
unemployment rate, exchange rate of the ruble. It was
concluded that there was a need to move from
quantitative to qualitative assessment when examining
the organizational effectiveness of the banking sector
Philosophical, methodological and methodical bases of
modeling of economic objects, including the
development of two metamodels – the metamodel of the
economy as an object of cognition and metamodeling of
economic objects are the field of economic
metamodeling. The metamodel of the economy is
considered as the context in which it is desirable to
develop models of particular economic objects; it
reflects in a formalized view its ontology, structure,
logic, and objective function. Metamodel of social
economy and its role in the knowledge of economic
reality associated with their role in this process is
offered. These features include: the reflection of the
uniform nature of economic phenomena in the society;
ensuring systemic relationship between the phenomena
of economic reality and their models; ensuring the
conceptual integrity of all economic models, which is
formed to cognition and reflection of the being of the
economy. The metamodel of modeling of economic
phenomena, which is an algorithm for the modelling of
any economic objects is offered. The metamodel of
economic modelling is a prerequisite for the
development of subject-specific models; it defines the
semantic context of the modeling and the conditions of
the practical application of the developed models. There
is a need for a deeper understanding of economic
metamodeling as an area of scientific knowledge and
activity, it is considered as an important condition for the
further development of economic theory
The founder of the economic theory is Aristotle.
The so-called "market economy" is a perversion of
Aristotle's views. We have to eliminate distortions.
What can replace the "market economy"? We are
developing a new organizational-economic theory -
solidary information economy, based on the views
of Aristotle. The name of this theory has changed
over time. Initially, we used the term "nonformal
information economy of the future", and then
began to use the term "solidary information
economy." In connection with Biocosmology and
neo-Aristotelism preferred is an adequate term
"functionalist organic information economy". This
article describes the main provisions of solidary
information economy, intended to replace the
market economy as a management tool. The main
problems are discussed, the solution of which is
devoted to research related to the considered basic
organizational and economic theory. We discuss
Aristotle's positions, on which the economic theory
is based, in particular, solidary information
economy. We prove that the market economy has
remained in the XIX century and the mainstream in
modern economic science - justification of
insolvency of a market economy and the need to
move to a planned system of economic
management. We examine the impact of ICT on
economic activity. We develop the approaches to
decision-making in the solidary information
economy. On the basis of modern decision theory
(especially expert procedures) and informationcommunication
technologies people can get rid of
chrematistics and will understand the term of
"economy" according to Aristotle
The definition of "small agricultural businesses" (SAB) is clarified, the effective functioning and regulation of development of subjects SAB are elaborated. The authors used the principles of systemic-functional analysis, methods, rationale, economic-statistical, monographic, SWOT-analysis, graphic and others. The author's definition of small agricultural businesses was offered. The functioning and regulation of development of subjects of SAB are refined and systematized. The modern competitive opportunities of SAB and others are identified and systematized. It’s being said that the competitive position of subjects of small agrarian farms (SAF) are often provided with increasingly innovative approaches with flexibility of internal management, the ability to quickly adapt to constantly changing conjuncture market. However, as practice shows, the direction of development in small economies does not act as a priority of modern agricultural policy in this field, often dominated by declarative intent rather than running behind these statements required volumes of investment in regulation of SAF subjects development
The role of a portfolio of securities, difficult financial products consists, on the one hand in investment for the purpose of obtaining the income, and on the other hand for the stress - testings is more whole. Issuers raise money for development of activity by means of issue of securities. Carrying out operations on attraction of the subordinated loans, the organization increases the capital, creating difficult financial products which allow to reduce risks, to extend the period of obtaining the stable income. Formation of the portfolio consisting of difficult financial products is an acquisition of the market conditions of securities which are selected in the course of the analysis. Implementation of assessment of efficiency of a portfolio is carried out on the basis of the criteria important for the strategy of investors set initially. Revision and change of a portfolio is carried out as necessary that most often can result from considerable changes of market policy, in particular if the investor assumes that these changes are adverse and steady
In modern conditions investment attractiveness is one of the most important characteristics of the industry. For each investor, receiving an investment decision, it is important to define, in what industry and in what economic region can be implemented specific investment project with the greatest efficiency, the choice of what areas of investment will have the best prospects and will ensure a high return on invested capital. Attracting investment in the food industry of the Krasnodar region will meet the targets established under the strategic and tactical development, aimed at in-depth processing of food products; improve its quality, which in turn will improve the level of food security of the country. This article presents the analysis of the industrial structure of the Krasnodar region as a whole, the structure of food production, as well as a brief assessment of the export potential of the industry. The article gives an estimation of dynamics of investment flows into various sectors of industry, the structure of investment projects ready for implementation; we have identified potential niche of substitution of imported products; it considers the strategy of socio-economic development of the southern Federal district, within which stands the task of creating national megacluster industrial complex. The results of the analysis identified the drivers of economic growth, stimulating the growth of investment attractiveness of the food industry in the Krasnodar region
In this article there were explored the main aspects of the organization of the automated accounting system management accounting in "Animal" industry. There was carried out an analysis of individual production processes, consisting of identifying, measuring, collecting, preparing and receiving the information needed to administrative staff for performing its functions. According to effective indicators and in the course of analysis there were identified factors affecting on the final results of animal. Also there were found reserves of raising the intensity of production, increasing production and improving its quality.
The owners and management of agricultural producers should be building an automated accounting system, which allows making up as much as possible the detailed elaboration and speed of both production and financial accounting. It will allow reflecting the facts of economic life in the automated accounting system (for example, cancellation of veterinary products with details on each animal's head) in a daily format (rather than at the end of the month). It can significantly increase the control of accounting functions, reduce the amount of paper work and improve the quality and efficiency of providing the necessary information management company for management decisions.
Industry specialists fill specialized forms of primary documents, and then the information is summarized at the end of the month entered in the 1C accountant
Introduction of sector and financial sanction
restrictions started by west countries in March 2014 at
present time has become a tangible blow to the
Russian economy. If the first sanctions packages were
mainly directed against certain individuals and legal
entities, the following sanctions restrictions have
become a kind of acupressure on the most advanced
sectors of the Russian economy and its focus on the
most vulnerable places. These circumstances
determined the relevance of subjects of this article -
namely, the identification of the results of the system
analysis of the main threats to Russia's economic
security in times of sectoral and financial sanctions
restrictions on the example of the oil and gas complex.
Oil and gas industry has always been and continues to
be one of the most important part of the Russian
economy. Mining and the subsequent marketing of
hydrocarbons in the world markets for more than half
of the federal budget. Therefore, the primary
importance is the evaluation of both the threats to the
security of the country's economy and the negative
impact of sanctions restrictions on the dynamics of the
industry. The article reveals the most significant
sectoral and financial sanctions and restrictions
determined by the degree of their influence on the
development of the oil and gas industry and the
security of the Russian economy as a whole. The
necessity of introduction of import arrangements to
reduce dependence on oil and gas companies of purchases of imported components, equipment and
technology. Evaluation of the effect of sanctions
limitations on the dynamics of changes in the rate of
debt load oil and gas companies for its calculation in
rubles and foreign currency terms. The conclusion is
that the oil and gas sector of the Russian economy has
demonstrated its resilience to the effects of the most
severe restrictions and sanctions and for its further
development we need more support through the
development of large-scale program of import
substitution, involving the variability of the joint
efforts of the government and the oil and gas industry
companies
There is the tasks classification of the multicriterial
evaluation of the objects and systems of different
levels and types proposed, based on a combination of
different numbers of effectiveness indicators for the of
economic systems, taken into account by decisionmakers,
and the principles of optimality in the
adoption of managerial decisions, in the article. There
are the difficulties in determining the systems’
effectiveness identified, when it is necessary to take
into account not one but several sets of efficiency and
effectiveness indicators, as a rule, multidirectional
action or nature (for example, social and economic
indicators, absolute and relative performance
indicators of a single character, risk and return
indicators). The authors give examples of the
effectiveness’ multi-criteria evaluation tasks for the
production systems’ level. The specific numerical
estimates and the order of reasoning in each of the
cases are given. There is the prove of the situations
when the traditional principles of decision-making:
dominance and Pareto - do not allow managers to
choose one single effective solution and require to
apply other principles and additional criteria, such as
the principle of highlighting the main indicator, the
principle of forming complex indicators, the principle
of meeting the needs Consumer and others in order to
choose the most effective system in the article. The
above factors significantly complicate decisionmaking
processes and require further improvement of
procedures for the decisions’ effectiveness assessing
using indicators set. This problem will be the subject
of the further authors’ researches
The article examines the problems of innovative
development of various types of rocket and space
technology, created with use of high technologies,
industrial, scientific-technical and intellectual potentials.
The relevance of these issues due to the need of
modernization of the Russian economy in the long term.
In the course of the study using the mathematical tools
offered the important task of improving the scientific and
methodological framework intended for implementation
of innovative strategies in the field of space activities
that help to improve the degree of feasibility of plans and
programs to create high-tech products and services for
various purposes. The article analyzes the features of the
plans for the creation and production of advanced rocket
and space technology, their impact on the pace and
quality of exploration and use of outer space, which is
determined using a simulation model and applying
methods of program-targeted planning
The article defines the exchange in the reproduction process of the place, as well as expanded function of the market as the main institutional forms of organization of exchange relations. It is noted that the integration of economic entities in the sphere of exchange has been carried out within the framework of conducting marketing and supply activities and the consolidation of economic agents' interests within the boundaries of the localized economic spaces of different level; we have also disclosed the contents and functions of supply and marketing activities, considered the feasibility of establishing in the economic entities of different types of units, specializing in the implementation of the functions of logistics and sales, as the basic principles of the organization of supply and marketing activity stand out the principles of planning synchronization, the principle of efficiency, efficiency, centralization and technology. It is stated that the composition and functions of the system supply and marketing activities of business entities are formed under the influence of a set of external and internal factors, and the choice of models for organizing supply and marketing activities significantly affected the quality of the competitive environment as the main factors influencing on the strategy and tactics of supply and marketing activities, highlighted the level of development of the market infrastructure and the level of development of the economic entity; it is argued that the level of complexity of the system supply and marketing activities is determined by the positioning of the business entity in the local markets, the level of competitiveness and development strategy, management system - marketing activity is seen as a complex hierarchical structure, where the main actors are: the state, regional authorities and market agents, rational interaction between the levels which can be achieved only if the optimal combination of the methods of state regulation of the economy and market mechanisms of self-regulation of economic systems at all levels
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article focuses on the place of the (Thieves')
Notions in the hierarchy of values in criminal activity
from the viewpoint of functional-pragmatic typology
of linguasemiotic experience. The Notions are
intentions (intentials) that correlate to the upper (The
Thieves' Law) and lower (Limits/Thieves'
Commandments) levels of the hierarchy of values.
The Notions were described in diachronic aspect with
regard to their place and esoteric functions in the
Master Felons' Law. The functional-pragmatic
typology was aimed to show the differences in the
ways of distribution of reference features
(categorization processes), what reflects in
formalization (ritualization and folkization) of social
behaviour. Such approach was based on a panchronic
connection of the idea of informational kind to the
idea of energo-material kind. When correlating with
the upper level of the hierarchy of values, the Notions
can be considered a Random Access Memory
connected to a slow encoded memory of greater
capacity (The Thieves' Law). The Notions provide for
a faster reaction of an individual when making a
choice in criminal activity
The concession is understood by the authors as one of
the main ways of creating, denoting or highlighting the
meaning of inferiority in the media text. The main
function of the concessionary relations is the
realization of the contradiction of the ineffective basis
(the concession event) and the actual effect that is
contrary to it, contrary to what is expected. The article
gives a typology of concessive constructions as
constituents of the concession field. There is the
incompatibility of two situations in such constructions,
their mutually exclusive nature is established and it is
confirmed that there is the simultaneity of the
coexistence of these situations. The paper analyzes the
representativeness of the real-concessional,
concomitantly-presumptive and intensively conceding
situations. The authors classify concessions in the
structural-semantic aspect, revealing additional values
(restrictive, comparative, connecting, conditional,
etc.). The material of the study is constructions, seized
by the method of continuous sampling in the amount
of 500 units from the certain Internet publications and
newspapers. It was applied the method of continuous
sampling and the synchronous-descriptive method,
including the methods of classification,
systematization and analysis to the analysis of linguistic material. The authors of the article come to
the conclusion that in the field of conciseness of
modern media text, the leading modification of the
significance of a concession is the actual concession
value. The semantics of the concession is represented
in the language of journalism by a multidimensional
system of means for formalizing the relations of
inverse conditioning
The article deals with the investigation of different
naming constructions of characters in the novel, which
indicates emotiveness in communicative acts. In due
course of the analysis the concept of “social fields”
has been introduced in order to reveal the means of
emotional expression. The naming of the individual
with different anthroponym forms (a name, a surname,
nickname, etc.), introducing the concept of social field
(SF), made it necessary to use such concepts as
“norm/not norm” in the analysis of function proper
names. Because of breaching the norms of naming
proper names take emotional coloration. Such
emotionality may be positive or negative. It depends
on many factors: a situation of communication, social
field the communicators belong to, their view of life,
etc. The emphasis of the norm and not norm of
naming in every social field helps us to identify the
character of emotions and disclose the relationships of
characters to the anthroponym by means of naming.
Any not norm of naming is the change of character’s
relationships to the anthroponym
The article is dedicated to the analysis of the
ethnoethics of speech behavior of Karachai-Balkar
people, which involves the study of linguistic
explication of the rules of communication. Special
attention is paid to the definition of "ethnoetnics". The
analysis of functioning in oral and verbal discourse in
different situations culturally rich linguistic units,
makes explicit the principles of communicative
behavior is presented. It is noted that the verbal and
associative level of Karachai and Balkars is the
reflection of their ethno-cultural model behaviour,
projected by key conceptual components of
linguoethnic worldview
The aim of our study is to determine the degree of
speech influence of the utterances of Russian
politicians in political debates. We analyze speech
influence from the point of view of the category of
intensity. By identifying the means expressing
intensity in the Russian language we have calculated
which and how many of them were used in Russian
political debates. By using the methods of the strategic
approach we have calculated which and how many of
the means expressing intensity were used in the
strategy of discredit and in the strategy of selfpresentation.
By using the notion of the argument, the
argumentative course and argumentative step we have
created the argumentative structure of the utterances of
Russian politicians, which may consist of one or more
levels. The more levels are in the argumentative
structure, the more intensive is the argument. So we
have calculated the levels of each argument. We also
considered the connection between the reasons. Linked
arguments are more intensive than convergent ones.
So we have calculated how many arguments with the
linked connection and how many with the convergent
connection there are in the analyzed political debates
The article deals with different approaches how to
interfere texts analysis in the program of teaching
foreigners (on the basis of the Russian language).
According to our research, for beginners it is more
reasonably to use and analyze real texts, as far as these
texts are close to life, have simple vocabulary and
grammar. For the virtual texts the situation is the
opposite. The main aim of the author is to please the
reader, that is why the author uses a lot of tropes,
metaphors, figures and very complex grammar to show
the beauty of his language. For foreign students this
may be a problem at the beginning, because they are
not good in the language and it is very hard to
understand. The analysis of the virtual texts is better to
do on the base or advanced level
Social Sciences and Humanities
As a result of the analysis of scientific and special
literature, and summarizing the forensic investigative
and operational practices and the views of experts
from the investigative team, the author came to the
conclusion that the activities of the head of an
investigative body and inquiry agency should include a
mechanism of control over the execution of
organizational and other activities planned for the
interaction system. Therefore, an analytical and
methodical organizational headquarters to manage the
interaction within the investigative team should be
used. The author also believes that it’s necessary to
provide the interaction between the staff of the
preliminary investigation and inquiry, as well as
officials carrying out the operational searching activity
during the whole period of the investigative team
activities. The forms of interaction should be presented
as a set of cooperative and agreed criminal procedure
and organizational and administrative actions of the
investigator, the head of the investigative team and the
inquiry agency, on the basis of operational or
operational and tactical availability in conjunction with
the methods of operational and investigative activities
and proceedings in compliance with the principles of
criminal procedure law and the Federal law "On the
OSA" for the purpose of direct execution of the
criminal procedure legislation and the solution of tasks
of the operational searching activities
The article describes some main scientific and
practical recommendations of the group methodology
of the investigation by questioning witnesses in cases
of crimes against family and minors
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article presents an interdisciplinary approach to
teaching of programming technology within the
discipline "Theory and Programming Technology"
based on the implementation of interdisciplinary
connections with financial mathematics on the
example of the development of financial computing
calculators. The importance of interdisciplinary
connections in pedagogic of higher education
motivates the transition of Federal State Educational
Standards (FSES) of a new generation to a
competence model of graduate preparing. Acquisition
of financial calculation methods with the aid of using
software tools will contribute the formation of
professional competences in the project-technological
activity as the ability to apply the tools and
programming technology in terms of professional
training, providing system analysis and management
problem solving (PC-8). The choice for the
development of instrumental software for methods of
financial calculations will be able not only to
improve claimed in FSES of the higher education
professional competences in the project-technological
activities for solving the problems of system analysis
and management decisions, but to develop teaching
and interdisciplinary communications through
enriching the content of the discipline / module with
knowledge of another discipline
The article is devoted to methods of training
specialists in universities that meet the current
qualification and professional requirements of the
employers. The work formulates requirements to
graduates of educational institutions, which include
not only training high-level, but also personal
qualities, which together allows the graduate to
become a competitive specialist. As a possible
method of preparation of such experts we justified
the introduction of elements of project activity in
educational process of universities. The proposed
nested structure of the typical educational program,
identifies the modules that are part of it, specify the
purposes and functions of each module in the
implementation of the project methods. Advantages
of training in case of realization of scientific design
activities were shown. The use of design methods
within the module of General subjects, organization
and implementation of interdisciplinary modules
design and science and engineering activities are
proposed. We noted the necessity of temporal and
semantic coordination between all modules of the
educational program with the aim of obtaining the
maximum effect from the implementation of project
methods in the educational process. It is proved, that
the implementation of the project activity during
training students not only develop competencies of
educational standard, but also acquire and forming
their own competencies needed for future career. The
conditions of effective implementation of scientificresearch
and design activities within universities
were formulated
The article is devoted to solution of actual tasks of
development of professional orientation of citizens
enrolled in the military Department at civilian
universities. The main motives of students training at
the military Department, the basic conditions of
development of professional orientation of citizens
enrolled in the military Department, and the criteria for
their evaluation are described in the article, based on
the works of Russian scientists! The article describes
and justifies. The model of pedagogical conditions for
development of professional orientation of students
studying at the military Department in a civil
University
This article proposes an approach to teaching
mathematics in high school, based on the application
of application software packages, which is especially
relevant in connection with attempts to transition in the
upper grades to profile education, when the student
chooses the direction of more in-depth study of
subjects, based on his own inclinations. The
substantiation of necessity of development of
methodical positions and recommendations on use of
packets of applied programs on lessons of mathematics
in the senior classes of high school is given. The
analysis of existing packages of applied programs for
teaching mathematics in high school is carried out.
During the research, packages used for solving
mathematical problems are considered: MS ESCEL,
STATISTICA, MATCAD. Known packages of
applied programs are classified according to groups of
applications in mathematics lessons. Approaches to the
use of application packages in math lessons during the
pedagogical experiment have been tested. The
pedagogical experiment was conducted on the basis of
the State Budget Professional Educational Institution
of the Krasnodar Territory "Beloglinsky Agrarian
Technical Technical School". The analysis of the
results of approbation is carried out and
recommendations are made on the application of
application software packages in mathematics lessons
in high school
Today, the questions of accelerated development of
science are essential; it has become a real productive
force, the most powerful factor influencing the level
of scientific and technical progress. The most
important part of the research work is experimental
studies. The article reveals the methodology of
experimental research involving the content of
laboratory and industrial research, main stages, as
well as graphic presentation and the analysis of the
results of studies; as well as the methodology for the
general analysis of theoretical and experimental
studies, the sequence of introduction of the results of
the research and criteria for evaluating their
effectiveness. The main issues of the methodology of
experimental researches discussed in the article will
increase the effectiveness of scientific and research
work of scientific collectives of organizations and
companies
The events of the reformist changes in the political, socio-economic and spiritually-moral spheres of the Russian Federation substantially changed the minds of Russian citizens, including young guards. Characteristic for the reduction of the educational potential of Russian culture, art, education contributes to the falling standards of morality, ethics, patriotism of youth, it is imperative that the search for new pedagogical models of education patriots. The urgency is due to the presence of complex and contradictory social processes, which include terrorism, migration, worsening of interpersonal relationships, loss of spiritual guidance etc. In the present situation the Patriotic idea has once again become popular as the guarantor of social stability as a consolidating force in Russian society, able to contribute effectively to the development of the economic power of Russia, strengthening its defense capability, the preservation of the independence and territorial integrity. Implementation of border policy of the Russian Federation in modern conditions requires from the personnel of the Federal border service of the Russian Federation the its willingness and ability of soldiers to defend the vital interests of Russia, which involves a combination of competence, deep professional knowledge, skills and abilities with love and pre-given to his country. The formation and development of such high Patriotic qualities of the personality is possible only through the organization and conduct of the appropriate education. The authors, based on analysis of works of domestic scientists, reveals the essence of axiological approach, showing its role in the education of patriotism among warriors guards
Health Sciences
The problem of rendering of first medical aid to
personnel of commercial ships under the Russian flag
is considered. It is shown that the decision of this
problem in our country is impossible without juridical
aspects of activity of sailors-paramedics, questions of
their training in bases of rendering an emergency aid
and due medical support of the Russian ships. The
emergency elementary aid has to be an integral part of
activity of personnel of ships. Some directions of the
decision of a problem of efficiency of providing such
help to personnel of ships are proposed. Development
of the bill directed to introduction in Russia of
requirements for assistance by paramedics on
commercial ships is necessary
Social Sciences and Humanities
In the article we examine the gender approach in
public administration. There were analyzed gender
disparities in the public administration of the Russian
Federation and their influence on managerial decisionmaking.
We have found the distribution of power
between the sexes and their relationship to gender
stereotypes. There were suggested the ways of
regulation of gender asymmetry in the public
administration
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article dwells on the reason that brought about
changes in Russian folk costume in the XIV–XVIII
centuries. Long time ago Russian towns that were
located on the banks of Volga as well as Nizhniy
Novgorod that had close connections with South
Baltic and with Ganza played a significant role. It also
establishes a connection between Russian population
and overseas merchants from the areas of the Caspean,
Blue (Aral) seas, and South-Western coast of the
Baltic Sea. The author reviews a range of goods that
were sold. The author shares their findings about
Nizhniy Novgorod and later on Russia could get the
merchant goods from Europe’s major cities during the
XIV–XVIII centuries. The author also determines the
fabric that was imported from Asian and Western
countries that was used for manufacturing clothes for
Russian nobility, merchants, and rich peasants. The
author introduces new findings about women’s
garment (pinafore) and new method of embroidery.
Russian North because if its location (sea and ground
ways) and business was adopted urban traditions
which resulted in a new type of a pinafore dress. The
author dwells on the business between Russia, Persia
and Central Asiaand also finds out the contribution of
the people from the area of the Volga River who
enriched a range of artistic expression in Russian folk
costumes and introduced oriental motives in them.
Bright and dynamic accents appeared inholiday
costumes of Russian people. Those clothes were made
from eastern and European fabrics. The author
examines the clothes of that time and infers that the
fabric and decorative elements that were imported
form abroad considerably enriched Russian folk
costume: new methods of embroidery and bright
colors in decorative elements
The concept of archetype, introduced by Swiss
psychoanalyst Karl G. Jung, eventually went beyond
psychoanalytic research area. The concept of archetype
was represented in philosophical and cultural context
and in each of them, it has acquired a specific
connotation. Being the structural elements of the
human mentality, archetypes take key position in the
culture. Their formative functions contribute to the
expression of archetypes on the level of mythology
and religion. These eternal symbols, originated from
the depths of consciousness, are implemented
universally and spontaneously, being manifested
largely in religious culture. The article is devoted to
the peculiarities of the functioning of the archetypes
and identification of their main functions. In addition
to that, this article marks the problem of choosing
methodology for archetype research. This research
allowed to identify the main function of archetypes
such as regulative, integrative, protective and
communicative