№ 115(1), January, 2016
Date issued: 27.01.2016
Physical Sciences and Engineering
In many applications, we study the time series (or a
random process), which is the sum of the periodic
deterministic function of time and random errors that
distort the periodic signal. It is required to estimate
the length of the period and the periodic component.
It does not assume that the periodic function is
included in any parameter family of functions, such
as finite sums of sines and cosines. It is obvious that
the assumption of occurrence of a periodic function
in parametric family does not meet the
characteristics of the real world, ie, is conditional,
internal mathematical (look for the keys under the
lamp because there is a light, not in the bush, where
lost, because there are dark). For similar reasons, it
is impossible to assume that the distribution function
of the random errors is included in any parameter
family of distributions. In accordance with the new
paradigm of mathematical statistics in this article we
studied the problem of nonparametric estimation
(minimum) length of the period and the periodic
component of the signal. On the basis of natural
variation and scope of indicators is suggested a new
class of nonparametric estimators of the length of the
period and the periodic component in the time
series. Based on the general results of statistics of
objects of non-numeric nature we proved the
consistency of these estimates. From the practical
point of view it is necessary to minimize the
numerical (one parameter - ability length of period
of time) one or more of the 66 functionals, described
in the article
The general scheme of modern statistical science is
just like this. Mathematical Statistics is a part of
mathematics that studies the statistical structure (it
itself does not give recipes analysis of statistical
data, however, it is developing methods that are
useful for use in theoretical statistics). Theoretical
Statistics - the science dedicated to the models and
methods of analysis of concrete statistical data.
Applied Statistics (in the narrow sense) is devoted to
the statistical techniques of data collection and
processing (it includes the methodology of statistical
methods, the organization of sample surveys, the
development of statistical techniques, the creation
and use of statistical software). Applications of
statistical methods in concrete fields (in economics
and management - Econometrics, in biology -
Biometrics, in chemistry - Chemometrics, in
technical research - Technometric, in geology,
demography, sociology, medicine, history, etc.).
Often positions 2 and 3 together are called Applied
Statistics. Sometimes position 1 is called Theoretical
Statistics. These terminological differences are
related to the fact that the above-described
development of the considered scientific and applied
field not once, not completely and not always
adequately reflected in the minds of experts.
Meanwhile, there are still textbooks of appropriate
level of representation of the mid-twentieth century.
The article analyzes the post-war development of
the national statistics. We have identified five
"growth points": nonparametrics, robustness,
bootstrap, statistics of interval data, and statistics of
non-numeric data. We have discussed content,
development and the basic ideas of statistics of nonnumeric
data. We have given a number of
unresolved problems of theoretical and applied
statistics
We have given a critical analysis of statistical
models and methods for processing text information
in historical records to establish the times when
there were certain events, ie, to build science-based
chronology. There are three main kinds of sources
of knowledge of ancient history: ancient texts, the
remains of material culture and traditions. The
specific date of the extracted by archaeologists
objects in most cases can not be found. The group of
Academician A.T. Fomenko has developed and
applied new statistical methods for analysis of
historical texts (Chronicle), based on the intensive
use of computer technology. Two major scientific
results were: the majority of historical records that
we know now, are duplicated (in particular,
chronicles, describing the so-called "Ancient Rome"
and "Middle Ages", talking about the same events);
the known historical chronicles tell us about real
events, separated from the present time for not more
than 1000 years. It was found that chronicles
describing the history of "ancient times" and
"Middle Ages" and the chronicle of Chinese history
and the history of various European countries do not
talk about different, but about the same events. We
have the attempt of a new dating of historical events
and restoring the true history of human society
based on new data. From the standpoint of statistical
methods of historical records and images of their
fragments – they are special cases of non-numeric
objects of nature. Therefore, developed by the group
of A.T. Fomenko computer-statistical methods are
the part of non-numerical statistics. We have
considered some methods of statistical analysis of
chronicles applied by the group of A.T. Fomenko:
correlation method of maximums; dynasties method;
the method of attenuation frequency; questionnaire
method codes. New chronology allows us to
understand much of the battle of ideas in modern
science and mass consciousness. It becomes clear
the root cause of cautious attitude of the West
towards Russia
The article presents the problem of spanning trees with
topological criteria and interval scales. We have
introduced relationship preferences and
incomparability to find the complete set of alternatives
in the case of interval scales. The base for
mathematical calculations is interval mathematics
This question is about the speed of wave
propagation in electromagnetic environment.
Electromagnetic environment (field) is the space
that fills the whole Universe, occupied by the
electromagnetic particles-photons. At the heart of
the special relativity theory, the constancy of the
speed of light in vacuum is affirmed. According to
modern concepts, the speed of light in vacuum is the
maximum speed of the particle motion and
propagation of interactions. However, light is the
narrow range of electromagnetic radiation –
(4÷8)·1014 Hz, therefore experimentally measured
speed of light is referred to this frequency range.
The fact that this speed of electromagnetic waves
can theoretically be non permanent – physicists have
pondered for a long time and this question is
periodically excited in the scientific literature. The
author of this article also had an impression that the
speed of light, in which he understands distribution
speed of waves of a wide range of frequencies in the
electromagnetic environment, is not a constant. The
article attempts to prove it. Many photons of
different frequencies move simultaneously in
different directions in a photonic electromagnetic
field in environment. They are involved in the
formation of a wave of compression –
decompression in this field under the influence of
the antenna radiated photons. It is approved that the
speed of photons of different frequencies can change
within a wide range from 1,285·103
m/s (ν = 1024
Hz) to 1,285·1012 m/s (ν = 106 Hz) and, therefore,
the speed of wave propagation in the
electromagnetic environments that are filled by
photons of the same frequency or a narrow
frequency range can change widely from 8,58·102
m/s to 8,58·1011 m/s and be significantly different
from the experimentally discovered speed of light.
Interplanetary space in different parts of the
Universe can be represented by different spectra of
photons and therefore they will have different speed
of propagation of electromagnetic waves
The article discusses a model of rocket motor of
electromagnetic type, consisting of a source of
electromagnetic radio frequency oscillations and the
conical cavity, in which electromagnetic waves are
excited. We have created a multi-dimensional
transient numerical model describing the process of
establishing electromagnetic oscillations in the
resonator, taking into account the finite conductivity
of the walls. Separately, the standing waves in the
cavity with conducting walls have been simulated. It
is shown that the oscillations mode in the conducting
resonator different from that in an ideal resonator,
both in a case of steady and unsteady waves. We have
built a dynamic model taking into account the thermal
conductivity and electrical conductivity of the walls,
waves and particles emission and vacuum
polarization. We have also developed a dynamic
model enables to optimize a thrust force on a
considerable number of parameters without the
involvement of the hypotheses about the physics of
the phenomenon. We run the optimization of the
operating parameters of the device, namely by the
excitation frequency, the frequency of the modulating
signal, the magnitude of heat losses of
electromagnetic energy by thermal radiation in the IR
spectrum, the parameters of forced heat transfer and
the temperature dependence of the resistance of the
material of the cavity walls. It is found that the pulse
modulation greatly improves the efficiency of
conversion of electromagnetic energy into thrust. The
mechanism of formation of traction, adjusting the
metrics of space-time, the current contribution of
elementary particles, the Yang-Mills and
electromagnetic fields is proposed. It is shown that
the contribution of the elementary particles in the
thrust force is proportional to the electrical
conductivity of the system multiplied by Abraham
force
Life Sciences
The article deals with the problem of oil-contaminated
waste utilization. It has suggested the ways of
technological advancement taking into account the
principles of BAT. The analysis of the legal
framework for BAT in Russia and the EU is carried
out. The features of the state regulation in the field of
BAT and the main approaches to formation of a
complex of measures for transition to principles of
BAT are considered. It has described the innovative
approach to the development of waste treatment
technologies that are best and available from an
environmental and economic point of view. It has
identified limiting parameters affecting the efficiency
of waste utilization and the suitability for use as
secondary material resources, particularly in the
construction industry
In root exudates of alfalfa, wheat and radish we have
found 12 amino acids. As well as 5 organic acids
were identified. In the variant with exudates of wheat
as the sole source of carbon and energy maximum
titer of microorganism Rhodococcus erythropolis
RCM Ac-2017D were observed
The new feed additives for animals based on milk
whey, enriched with sprouting wheat, barley, maize
grains and lactic-acid bacterium have been presented
in this article. This study explores the possibility of
combining the prebiotics ability of milk whey and
sprouting grains with feed probiotic attributes of microbe
to enhance gut health of animals and digestibility
of the feed. Twelve variants of products were tested
in the study using the microbial and physical-chemical
approaches. All the assays showed high count of microorganism
and high content of reducing sugar. The
results of investigation indicate that selected feed additive
show high quality. An additional point is that it
contains useful organic acids (lactic, acetic and propionic
acids) and 2,1×109
colony-forming unit of probiotics
microorganism that hold the concentration for 4
months. There are not yeast, must, coliform bacteria
and Staphylococcus aureus in the developed functional
feed product. It contributes to the normalization of the
microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of animal, suppression
of conditionally pathogenic and putrefactive
microflora. The elaborated feed component will help
to provide combined feed companies with accessible
high-quality raw material
The work presents the results of studies on the
influence of the foliar spraying of white grapes of the
technical sort of ‘Chardonnay’ with new water-soluble
fertilizers: Nutrivant plus vinograd, Kelik potassiumsilicon,
Atlanta plus and microelements in chelated
form - Kelkat boron, Kelkat manganese and Kelkat
zinc, on its agro biological and technological
indicators. The field experiment was performed in the
AF Close Joint-Stock company "Primorsk" in
Temryuk District. The diagram of the experiment
consisted of five options: without treatment (control);
Nutrivant plus vinograd - 1 kg / ha; Kelik potassium
silicon - 3 kg / ha; Atlanta plus - 2 kg / ha; a set of
microelements - Kelkat boron, manganese and Kelkat
Kelkat zinc 660 g / ha each. It was established that the
foliar spraying with these fertilizers contributes to a
more intensive accumulation of sugar in the juice of
berries and to the acceleration of the harvest ageing.
Furthermore, the productiveness of shoots has been
increased, as it is shown in a greater number of
inflorescences, and sometimes, the average bunch
weight increases. All this contributes to a significant
increase in a yield from a bush and to a crop yield. The
highest content of chlorophyll (a + b), carotinoid and
the amount of pigment were observed in cases of
"Atlant plus" and "Kelik potassium-silicon," where the
highest sugar was contained in the berries. Foliar
spraying of grapes with the complex of microelements
and also Nutrivant plus and Atlanta plus contributed to
the improving of the quality of wine, as evidenced by
the data of the tasting degustation. The highest mark
was provided by the foliar spraying of bushes using
the complex of microelements
Questions of microbial plant protection become more
relevant. The use of microorganisms can solve the following
problems: biologization of agriculture and sanitation
of soil. Application of various physical factors
affecting the microorganisms reduces their number.
This influences the efficiency of their use. This article
gives examples of the application of pressure in the
biotechnological process of microbial preparations and
their use in the process of spraying. The effect of pressure
on nonspore bacteria - Azotobacter chroococcum,
spore-forming bacteria - Bacillus megatherium and fungi
- Trichoderma viride has been presented in this article.
These microorganisms are used in the tank medium
for protecting plants against diseases and pests developed
by Ltd. "Kuban agrotehnoloogy" of Kuban State
Agrarian University. Efficiency is the simultaneous
application of tank medium of microorganisms with
herbicide. It was found that the application of the tank
medium of microorganisms for spraying is necessary to
limit the pressure of 4.5 atm. Тhe use of higher spraying
modes effects on reducing the number of viable bacteria.
This fact has not been checked against fungi
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The article presents an algorithm of placement of
spare parts for a three-level system of storage facilities,
we are currently implementing for leading dealer
companies of the southern Federal district, based on
monitoring of failures in the on-line mode, which is
able to prevent the appearance of failures in the process
of combine harvesters, and thus to increase their
operational reliability
The influence of carbon fibers and modified carbon
fibers on properties of industrially produced V-14
rubber is examined. The dependences of physical
and mechanical properties, hardness, abrasion
resistance and resistance in aggressive environment
on few amount of filled fiber are established.
Structural properties of reinforced elastomeric
composites are studied by scanning electron
microscopy. Elastomeric layer on the surface of
modified carbon fiber, confirmed with high adhesion
is identified
The feature of the process of drying of corrugated
cardboard is different drying processes on three
sections of the drying table. The article solves the
problem of obtaining a mathematical model of drying
process of corrugated cardboard. This structural
identification process, defined the input and output
parameters, denoted the transmission coefficients for
the control channels and indignation
The article deals with the necessity of the uninterrupted
control of the work quality of the solar heating
system. The advantages of the microcontroller systems,
which gave their evolution in the last years, are
shown. The possibilities of the usage of the microcontroller
systems for carrying the work quality control
are shown. The electrical principal scheme of the
system of the automatic control of the solar water
heating which allow to control the work quality control are shown. The system was divided into interconnected
parts. The methods of the temperature control
by the electronic temperature sensors 18B20,
water control by the optical pair with open channel
and water quantity meter with the optical wheel, water
level in the tank by the ultrasonic sensor of the
distance and level of the solar radiation by the pyranometer
are shown. The necessarily calculation of the
geometric tank sizes and water velocity in the solar
collector are carried out. The corresponding hardware
resources of the PIC microcontrollers like hardware
counters, timer with the ability to allow counting by
the external signal (Gate Control), analog-digital
converter and fixed voltage reference module are
described. The algorithms of the control of the water
temperature in the tank and the control of the filling
the tank with the hot water from the solar collector
are described. The methods of the transmitting information
to the operator are shown. The advantages of
the microcontroller control are described
The article describes the approach to drawing up a
project plan using the method of case law and the
problem of forecasting the flow of new tasks
The article is devoted to main processing of soil with
the combined ploughshare plow. We have made a review
of the existing patents of this technological operation
in this article. The article presents most important
results of modeling of new types of constructions,
problems of traction resistance and quality of preparation
of soil for sowing. The article has the investigation
character that was provided by the analysis of
ways and means of mechanization for main soil processing
with the furrow inversion and excerpts from
works of the leading scientists on the studied subject,
there were cited the types of patents which provide the
optimal soil processing, there were indicated their disadvantages
and ways of decision of problems. There
was determined the main tendency of working outs of
soil-processing combined machines, the advancing of
constructions of tilling aggregates to improve the qualitative
indexes of their work. Also there was substantiated
the form of disk, namely there was specified the
causal- investigative communication of existence of
cuts in a disk of the soil-cultivating tool in comparison
with a continuous disk. There was described the principle
and the process of work of operated combined
ploughshare plow. In the result of the work there was
obtained the construction of ploughshare plow with
additional working bodies which consist of disks of set
batteries for every panel of ploughshare plow. In conclusions
there were observed the main results reached
at present time
Original screw designs of buildings and columns are
offered. Frameworks of these buildings and columns
are the bearing elements and means of external and
internal decoration of buildings and constructions.
Originality of such buildings and columns frameworks
is ensured by the fact that their design is decorated on
the outer surface with broken or smooth screw edges
and screw surfaces. Versatility of the offered screw
columns trunks designs, as well as the possibility of
performance of their left or right screwing allows
reaching certain symmetry or their repeatability in the
form of harmonious alternation of the bearing trunks
of screw columns and spaces between them. Giving to
numerous sides of trunks of screw columns of a certain
invoice, or their coloring in different colors, will contribute
even more to their expressiveness and beauty.
Durability and vibration resistance (including seismic)
of such trunks of screw columns at the same volumes
of construction materials, in comparison with round
and rectangular trunks is higher
The article presents results of research of rotary-screw
systems in relation to the creation of rotary kilns for
the annealing of-cuttings in the preparation of cement
clinker. Using the proposed design, in comparison
with known designs of similar purpose, it significantly
improves performance, reduces size and power consumption
through the use of rotary screw systems in
the form of screw rotors and drums made hollow with
sidewalls assembled from separate strips or plates of
different geometrical shapes with form inside the
screw breaks or smooth edges, screw surfaces and
screw grooves. It is shown that the housing of the rotary
kiln is expedient to produce helical surfaces whose
centers of curvature are located within the housing.
Using the proposed constructions rotary kiln during
the firing when preparing cement wedge can increase
the speed of rotation of the housing, furnaces 5-10
times due to changes in the rotary-screw systems increase
efficiency and reduce the size of furnaces
Using the example of three multipurpose assemblies
(MPA) we have presented the possibility of the cost
and loss function appliance for the substantiation of
the design and operating parameters as the criterion of
optimization. The mentioned objective function of
mathematical model is the sum of expenses on the
performance of the scheduled amount of automated
tasks and the cost of the crop loss related to the failure
of meeting deadlines. It is common knowledge that
the longer the execution of work lasts (e.g. crop
harvesting), the more value it loses. The extremum of
the cost and loss function is the minimum of the sum
of expenses and the cost of losses which sets the
optimal parameters, the mode of the MPA functioning
and the work duration. The cost of inputs for the work
performance within the objective function includes
operating costs of the MPA for the scheduled amounts
of work. With the increase of the duration of these
works the expenses decrease, however, the cost of
losses grows. The sum of the costs of inputs and
losses has the extremum that sets the solution
optimality. The cost of crop losses depends on the
purchase price for the harvested crops and the crop
losses intensity for each day of harvesting which we
have already developed significant dependencies for.
We have suggested the control flow charts for
optimizing the MPA parameters and their functioning
modes, we have evolved the notion of the objective
function and the method of its calculation for different
sets of assemblies. Through the example of the
multipurpose complex assembly for stubble soil
cultivation and simultaneous green manure dropping,
we have analyzed the results of the task solution using
the cost and loss function which is an effective
method of the parameter optimization and the
functioning modes of various machine assemblies and
facilitates the choice of alternative options
There have been suggested the courses of refinement
of the crop production technologies, has been studied
the efficiency of multipurpose assemblies (MPA) in
the process of mechanization of plant growing, which
provide the production of competitive agricultural
products, more perfect machinery construction and
tools, improving the quality of automated tasks
completion, the issues of machine stock renovation,
raising the effectiveness of their use, complexity of
tasks, integrity and continuity of the working process,
environmental safety of the production. The high level
of the complex task performance is based on
combining several technological operations,
completed during a single pass of MPA, drastically
refining the basic variants of the technologies. Using
the example of the multipurpose assembly Vector for
stubble tillage, introduction of mineral fertilizers,
planting of intercrops and packing of soil, we can
observe a significant advantage of the suggested
technology in comparison with using a mass produced
single-function machine. Combining several
technological operations in a single MPA pass
guarantees agritechnical, ecological, energetic and
economic efficiency. However, no attention is still
paid to the issue of the crop losses decrease (direct and
indirect) during harvesting, as well as to the problem
of the complexity of postharvest tasks simultaneously
with harvesting (tillage, planting of intercrops,
introducing fertilizers, etc). In the current article we
have provided the results of these studies. Respecting
the regulations of environmental safety of technical
units leads to the soil fertility raise and the pollution
decrease of agricultural products. All of them are
carried out in the technical support of the crop
production technologies
There have been suggested the courses of the machine
technologies refinement in the process of spiked
cereals production. The course of their technical
update was studied in our previous article. There were
analyzed the drawbacks of the modern machine
production of crops and we presented the course of
their elimination due to the technology optimization,
resource and energy preservation, machine
technologies of soil improvement and new innovative
technological solutions. The suggested technology
optimization was designed taking into account
rigorous alternation of crops in the rotation,
optimizing of breeds and crossbreeds, application of
intermediate crops simultaneously with harvesting the
previous crop, introducing progressive methods of
chemical treatment and synchronous tillage. The
resource and energy preservation is based on the
combination of technological operations coinciding
with the tasks in agricultural terms during a single
machinery pass across the field, application of the
mobile power unit (UPU-450), low- and ultralow
capacity spraying, optimization of choice of certain
agrimethods in the process of crop production and the
resource calculation of estimated crop yield. In the set
of soil improvement courses we have studied the
mechanization of the restoration processes of natural
soil formation, defecate introduction, the use of
stubbly remains, compulsory presence of permanent
grasses in crop rotation. New innovative solutions in
the crop production technologies include the
refinement of the mechanization facilities in tillage,
spraying, new methods of crop harvesting
(unwinnowed bread, root tow, cleaning of thrashed
heap after the harvesting, etc). We have analyzed the
ways of mechanization of “organic farming” and seed
treatment with biologic mixtures
To determine the feasibility of using PV systems we
should assess the economic efficiency of wind energy
in the region. At the same time, the first step should be
an analysis of upper-air and power characteristics of
the wind. The next stage is to determine the energy
source of wind power (theoretical, technical and
economic potential). The basic approach to the
calculation of economic indicators should include a
determination of the effectiveness of wind power
installations in competition with traditional energy
sources in a particular region. There are important
following indicators: the payback period and economic
efficiency. If the economic potential of wind power
satisfies the requirements, the next step is to study the
technical requirements applicable to wind power
stations. For a preliminary assessment of the terrain,
the article discloses a sequence of events that must be
performed to assess the effectiveness of the installation
of wind power systems. We have listed advantages and
disadvantages of the main types of wind power plants,
and other ramifications of choosing of basic functional
units. The considered in an article analytical
expressions for calculating the evaluation of economic
efficiency of wind energy, the technical requirements
for the basic parameters of wind turbines and their
main advantages, disadvantages and features the work
will allow at the design stage to carry out a preliminary
assessment of effectiveness of the wind power stations
for a particular region and locality, specific types
consumers in view of their modes of operation and the
quality requirements of electricity
In the autonomous power supply systems there are
widely used frequency converters that are able to
simultaneously increase or decrease the frequency of
the current and voltage stabilizing power supply.
These positive properties of frequency converters can
improve the operational and technical characteristics
of the autonomous power supply system in the
complex. The article suggests a functional diagram of
a frequency converter performed on reversible
rectifiers. We have presented timing diagrams
illustrating the principle of its operation. The article
also deals with two functional scheme of direct
frequency converters executed on single-phase, threephase
transformer with a rotating magnetic field. The
principle of operation of these schemes has been also
discussed in the timing diagrams. The proposed
technical solutions for frequency converters contain a
smaller amount of power electronic devices that make
it possible, thereby reducing the level of
electromagnetic interference, increase the efficiency
and reliability of performance inverters. The
considered scheme of frequency converters, can
improve the technical characteristics of the
autonomous power supply systems in the complex. We
can significantly improve the performance of power
systems through the use of modular aggregating
principle of the basic functional units of an
autonomous system
The article describes the main block diagrams of three
types of uninterruptible power supply: backup;
interactive; double conversion. The main functions
are: the function backup or emergency source of
electrical power; the function of protective devices
(from an overload currents and short-circuit);
improving the quality of the power supply voltage.
Alsoб we have disclosed the features of the advantages
and disadvantages of uninterruptible power supplies
three groups: Off-Line / Stand-By / back-up UPS
(passive - reserve); Line-Interactive (line interactive
type); On-Line. The article discloses new approaches
to structural and schematic-based uninterruptible
power supply, including at use of renewable energy, so
that the failure of one of the sources does not lead to
exit from the operation of the entire of power supply
system. As a rule, such systems are built on a modular
principle. It is shown that now for remote users from
external networks is advisable to apply a system
autonomous power supply, representing the totality of
sources and converters of electric power, ensuring
uninterrupted power supply to consumers. We have
presented a typical structure of autonomous systems
and given an option of the block diagram of the system
and are given explanations and principles of its work.
Significantly improves performance reliability of
autonomous systems using the modularity of its main
functional units. In addition, to increase the efficiency
of the system can be through the use in the
construction of transformers with static converters
rotating magnetic field. To improve the weight, which
is important for the transport systems, it is necessary to
use links with the intermediate high-frequency electric
power conversion in static converters
Life Sciences
The experiment studied the use of an herbal
component in feeding of young geese, consisting of
hay meal and alfalfa juices coagulate. The replacement
of 50 % of complete feed by the studied feeding stuff
reduced the protein content in the diet by 9.9-14.9 %
and increased the content of crude fiber 1.76-2.01
times. Gross weight gain in the experimental group
decreased by 3.9 %, with an increase in feed cost by
17.1 %. However, carcasses of geese in experimental
group increased absolute weight of muscles of the
breast and legs by 28.6%, and the relative – 5.6 %
(Р˃0.05). Using of herbal ingredients tended to
increase the yield of dressed carcass by 4.8 %, while
the share of internal fat and skin with subcutaneous fat
was decreased. There were no differences in the
chemical composition of poultry muscle tissue in the
groups. Using of herbal ingredients decreased the cost
of 1 kg of feed by 0.7 rubles, but the cost price of
weight gain increased by 5.0 %. It was concluded that
it is necessary to carry out additional studies involving
the feeding of poultry with the identical by nutritional
value compound feed with the additive under study or
without it
Under the current conditions, it is very important to
boost the production of pork and improve its sanitary
and hygienic quality for the successful handling of
problems subjected to import substitution of meat
products. This can be reached by means of
strengthening of food reserve. For that purposes, in the
frame of two experiments yacon tubers in combination
with enzymatic agent protosubtilin GZx have been
introduced in the intakes of fattening pork stores
instead of fodder beat, and various doses of carbitox
adsorbent have been additionally added when
superfluous background of heavy metals was
observed. During the 1st experiment, the substitution of
fodder beet with the similar quantity of yacon tubers
has allowed the animals of experimental group to
outweigh the ones from the control group on 7,5% in
the terms of gross formation of body weight, and to
gain 100 kg of body weight for 7 days ahead of the
animals from control group as well. Additionally,
fodder costs per product have been reduced and the
morphological and biochemical values of animals
blood have been optimized. Based on the data from
2
nd experiment, it has been defined that the better dose
for feeding of adsorbent carbitox was 2,0 kg per tonne
of concentrates thereby the animals of 3rd experimental
group had reasonably higher body weight gain and
thereby higher feed-conversion ratio by products.
Therewith, the animals intermediary metabolism has
been speeded up due to optimization of morphological and biochemical values of blood and reduction of
heavy metals content in blood serum, in other words
level of zinc, lead and cadmium was not exceeding
maximum allowable concentration
This article summarizes results of the research on the
assessment of soil erosion effectiveness of crops and
the rationale of the practical application of phytomeliorative
actions aimed at improving the erosion resistance
of slope lands. We have obtained values of the
resistance of soils to erosion under agricultural crops
and in terms of pure steam and calculated the indicator
of the efficiency of soil conservation crops. The tests
allowed differentiating the crops on well, poorly and
very poorly in protecting forest soils from erosion
The article covers the stages of evaluation and
selection of new self-pollinated corn lines. The results
of testing of new lines and test crosses were reflected.
Comparative analysis of yield of the best test crosses
was presented. General and specific combining ability
of new lines was calculated. The opportunities of
further usage of new lines in breeding programs and
early maturing hybrids including these lines are
considering. The researches were conducted on the
field of the institution, following the course of
scientific researches of department of selection and
seed management of corn, Federal State Budgetary
Scientific Organization Krasnodar Lukyanenko
Research Institution of Agriculture
The article deals with a combination of different methods
of cultivation of winter barley on the background
of plowing, and their impact on growth, development
and crop yield. The main technological factors allowing
implementing the biological potential of culture are
adaptive variety, quality seeds, predecessors, sowing
and harvesting, fertilizer, soil fertility, crop care, including
protection from weeds, pests and diseases.
Barley is the culture of versatile use, which is grown
for food and feed purposes. Intensification of cultivation
methods of this phenomenon is essential and significantly
affects the grain yield of this crop. Under the
natural fertility of the soil and favorable weather conditions
for black earth of Kuban it is possible to get
3,0-3,5 tons per hectare of winter crops of grain, and
this requires the creation of an optimal diet, because
one of the main factors affecting the productivity of
field crops, including one phenomenon are fertilizers.
In addition, the level of soil fertility and protection
system of weeds, pests and diseases has great importance.
Since these types of issues are relevant for
agriculture, we have carried out studies to identify the
optimal combination of different methods on growth,
development and productivity of a single phenomenon
The article presents the biennial data on infestation of
winter barley infected with his disease and pests, depending
on fertilizer rates, the main method of tillage
and plant protection. Weeds are one of the most highly
potent factors that reduce the productivity of plants.
System of agronomic plant cannot increase the productivity
of plants, if it contributes to impurity of crops.
In the studied years, the most common weeds at the
recommended tillage were dead nettle, cleavers,
chickweed, field bindweed. At zero processing - foxtail,
poppy, wild oats, Leptospermum, dead nettle, veronica.
The use of biological and chemical plant protection
products reduced the degree of expansion and
development of disease
The most important component of current assets of the
agricultural organizations are material stocks. The optimum
quantity of them is necessary for production process.
The special aspects of formation and using of material
stocks in crop research on micro- and meso-levels
are considered in the article. It is established that the
stok of fertilizers, crop-protection agents, seeds and
planting material are exposed to considerable amplitudes
of fluctuations during the different periods of year. The
natural and biological cycle of development of plants
needs of concentration of material stocks at the beginning
of a production cycle that causes the necessity of
attraction of the credits and commercial loans. The author
studied material inputs structure in branch of crop
research in Krasnodar region and its change in dynamics.
The leading role of mineral fertilizers in formation
of cumulative material inputs is revealed and the level of
its production in the region is analysed. The researching
character of the article is confirmed by the calculations
and the analysis of legislative documents regarding recovery
and increasing of soil fertility in Kuban region.
The author emphasizes need of strengthening of the state
intervention in price control in the market of mineral
fertilizers, formations of sales system, aimed at minimization
of dealers number in a chain "production – processing
– consumption"
In the article, we discuss issues of morphological and
physiological control over plants of winter wheat. As
the object of the research, we have selected landraces
- the population of winter wheat, which was grown
on the territory of the Kuban region in the last
century. The aim of this work was determination of
the effect on the reproductive system of winter wheat
varieties of factors such as conditions of cultivation
and processing "Cecece 750" 1.5 l/ha D. V. crop
retardant. To achieve this goal we have conducted a
morphological analysis of the growth cone at the VI
stage of organogenesis, which provide quantitative
evaluation of potential future seed production of
spike of winter wheat. To study the effect of the year
of breeding on the reproductive system of winter
wheat varieties the analysis of variance was
calculated according to the scheme 3×7 factorial
variability characteristic due to the influence of
genotype (factor B), cultivation year (factor A), that
is repeated in time is interpreted as the effect of the
year conditions of cultivation. The influence of
retardant on the reproductive system of winter wheat
varieties was conducted using the analysis of
variance on the above described scheme, 2×7, where
the factor "A" is presented in two gradations
(options, retardant treated and not treated), in this
case, repeated for years was excluded as a factor. The
result of researches indicates that the rate of realized
productivity is variety-specific and can serve as a
measure of the flexibility of the studied cultivars to
different environmental conditions. The analysis of
variance showed significant retardant effect on the
realization of potential productivity in all variants of
the crops of soft winter wheat. The comparison of the
average general population indicates that the genetic
potential of tall varieties may not manifest even in
favorable for crop cultivation. The artificial reduction
of plant height by inhibiting the growth of retardant
is an effective way to identify high productivity of
these genotypes as varieties of winter and Nemenchinskaya Old No. 346
The main detected problems in selection system and
seed industry consist of depreciation of laboratory
equipment and specialized technique; the lack of funds
and low incentives for creators of sorts; decreasing of
volumes of elite and original seeds production in the
Krasnodar region; common use of low reproduction
seeds in production of grain. The existing stairs of seed
multiplication system are examined, as well as their
organizational and legal status. Directions of improvement
of system of state support in this field are
defined on the basis of presenting subsidies and preferences
on purchasing of import of highly specialized
equipment, provided that there are no domestic equivalent;
correction of requirements in order of receipt of
support for development of elite and original seed industry.
The necessity of creation of united seed selection
center of seed industry in the Krasnodar region on
the basis of a specialized research Institute (KNISH of
Lukyanenko). Though, as the result of providing by
center of consistent recommendations on peculiarities
of cultivation of sorts and their adaptive placement,
maintenance of contractual relations based on principals
of franchising, evaluation of sort and sowing index
of quality of seed lots and hybrids, will allow to
speed up the development of domestic seed industry,
increase the quality of corn farming in region
Modern pig farming is a leading global livestock
industry, but the organization of adequate balanced
feeding is actual for the industry. Digestibility of
metabolizable energy of feed depends on various
factors, including the content of non-starch
polysaccharides, which have a negative effect on the
digestibility of key nutrients of the feed, lead to a
decrease in growth rate and conversion efficiency of
nutrients. Enzyme preparations which composition
generally includes Xylanase, cellulase, β-glucanase
activities, may avoid the negative impact of non-starch
polysaccharides. Today's promising preparation that
combines the functions of two feed additives - feed
enzyme and probiotic, is an enzyme preparation
Cellobacterin that, due to the particular organization of
the enzyme complex, increases the digestibility of
barley grain and effectively effects on sunflower meal.
As a probiotic preparation it inhibits the development
of pathogenic microorganisms and promotes the
formation of beneficial microflora in the digestive
tract. The introduction of Cellobacterin enzyme
preparation into the compound feed with a high
content of barley grain and sunflower meal increases
the body weight of young pigs by 4.8% and reduces
the cost of feed per 1 kg of live weight gain. The
results of hematological studies found no significant
deviations from the physiological norm in the
morphological picture of the blood in experimental
animals. The group, where Cellobacterin was added,
showed higher vitamin A content by 2.8% as
compared to the control, while vitamin E is found in
both groups on the same level. Based on the results of
the research to improve the productivity and growth
rate in compound feed based on barley and sunflower
meal with higher fiber content, it is recommended to
include in the compound feed Cellobacterin enzyme
preparation at the rate of 1 kg per 1 ton of feed
The article presents results of the assessment of the
efficiency of non-hormonal preparations which were
not earlier applied in culture in vitro with high physiological
activity (the preparations received by production
of furfural, and also derivatives and compositions
of organic acids) during regenerations of microshoots
of plum, comparison of their influence with
influence of growth regulators which are traditionally
used in clonal micropropagation. These experimental
preparations were received when processing waste of
agricultural production. In this work we used: technology
of clonal micropropagation of plants of in
vitro, statistical data processing by method of the
dispersive analysis. The objects of researches were
microshoots of plum of a Stanley variety. We have
established that on mediums with the preparations
"Universal", sodium succinate, potassium succinate,
amber acid, L-1 the large, intensively colored plum
microshoots develop surpassing control (medium
with BAP of 1 mg/l, IBA of 0,1 mg/l, gibberellic acid
of 0,5 mg/l) in morphometric parameters. Thus, the
preparations "Universal", sodium succinate, potassium
succinate, amber acid, L-1 in concentration of 4,0
mg/l proved as the growth factors which are favorably
influencing on plantlets’ regeneration and a qualitative
condition of microshoots of plum
Peculiarities of breeding oidium-resistant genotypes in
crossing Crimea autochthonous grape varieties with
complex interspecific hybrids were studied. Twentytwo
populations consisting of 1323 seedlings were
analyzed over a period of 2008-2014. The highest
oidium resistance was registered in the progeny of the
cross Khersonesskii х ЖС 26-205 (6.8 points), and the
average estimate of oidium resistance across all the
study populations was higher than that of the initial
autochthonous grapes of the Crimea. The level of
hypothetical heterosis in the majority of the study
populations indicates that, on the whole, the hybrid
seedlings possess a higher oidium resistance relative to
the initial Crimea autochthonous grapes. The highest
breeding value was associated with cross combinations
having the complex interspecific hybrids Muscat JIM,
Spartanets Magaracha and Magarach 31-77-10 in their
pedigrees. The cross combination Muscat JIM х
Shabash was the most efficient, yielding 10.7 per cent
of oidium-resistant seedlings. It was reliably
established that a high level of the genotypically determined inheritance of oidium resistance is found
in crosses with the participation of the interspecific
forms Magarach № 31-77-10 and Muscat JIM (female
parents) and Spartanets Magaracha and Tsitronnyi
Magaracha (male parents). The expediency of this
direction of breeding research was proved
The article presents results of the six-year study of the
effect of stocks Riparia × Rupestris 101-14 and Berlandieri
× Riparia Kober 5BB on yield, quality of
grapes and Aligote wine in the central zone of the
Krasnodar region. Effect of stock on scion strongly
depends on the annual weather conditions. In a given
year, there is a stock better adapted to the weather
conditions. Stocks of Riparia × Rupestris 101-14 increase
winter hardiness, and the stock Berlandieri ×
Riparia Kober 5BB - drought-resistant varieties of
Aligote. On average, during six years the stock has not
been resulted in significant differences between the
percentages of developed into shoots buds and fertile
shoots shown in the coefficients of fruiting and fruitbearing
shoots of Aligote. Among all the influencing
factors, the degree of influence of stocks on the percentage
of buds have evolved to 16,4 %, by the percentage
of productive shoots 19,8 %, a factor of the
fruiting shoots and fruitfulness of 3,9 % and 2,7 %,
respectively. Some differences in forming of generative
organs of wintering buds along the fruiting twig
under the influence of stocks do not lead to the significant
difference in biological terms of fruiting varieties
in the whole piece. On average, six years of significant
differences in the influence of rootstocks on the number
of berries in bunches, hundred berries weight, an
average weight of bunches and yield is not defined -
the degree of influence of stocks on mentioned indicators
is 0,1-9,7 %. A significant impact of stocks on the
dynamics of sugar accumulation in berries has not
been discovered. The degree of influence of stocks
onto the final sugar content and acidity of berries is
2.9 and 1.0%, respectively. The wine produced from
Aligote berries on a stock Riparia × Rupestris 101-14
has the better tasting score than on the stock Berlandieri
× Riparia Kober 5BB (7.9 and 7.8 points, respect
vely). The main influence on fruiting of the variety
Aligote was provided by the conditions of the current
and previous vegetation. Within the conditions of the
central zone of the Krasnodar region the cultivating of
the variety of Aligote is reasonable for both studied
stocks
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article describes a new approach to the assessment
of the economic system. The authors propose to assume
that the system grows, if its share in the world
production increases. For the qualitative assessment, we
have offered to analyze the dynamics of growth of
exports of products with high benefit to the foreign
countries, which include engineering goods, defense,
manufacturing materials. On the world market of hightech
products, we have the stiff competition and the
growth of exports of domestic products with high
benefit indicates high level of innovation. Based on the
analysis of available statistical data, we revealed a
correlation between exports of innovative products, the
volumes of financing research and development and
foreign direct investment in the national economy. It
was determined foreign capital has a negative impact on
exports of products with high benefit. The authors
proposed a two-factor regression model, which allows
you to make short-term forecasts and allocate resources.
The study showed that despite the ongoing economic
sanctions and unsuccessful economic reforms in the
past, Russia has a high potential for innovation, which
is activated when reducing the influence of foreign
capital. Attempts to isolate the Russian economic
system led to the mobilization of resources and the
growth of innovation activity of domestic business
The article substantiates the need for an accelerated
informatization of the national system of professional
development for science-intensive and high-tech
industries, as one of the important components of the
process of reforming the Russian economy. It was
determined that under current conditions a decisive
role in ensuring the successful operation of enterprises
science-intensive and high-tech industries provides
highly qualified personnel - the intellectual capital,
which is formed in the process of training specialists
within the system of continuous professional education
and training (CPEandT). We show new capabilities of
training a contingent of specialists in science-intensive
and high-tech industries, offered by the introduction
and expansion of use in system of CPEandT and
modern educational technology (MET). We found
reasonable prospect of the transition from reproductive
to creative model of the organization of skills
development. They are implemented mainly by a
variety of electronic educational resources (EER),
which are used for the development of various
technologies. The article presents results of the
comparative analysis of new and traditional
technologies for the development of ESM and shows
their role in the methodical maintenance of process of
professional development. It is proved that the
introduction of the EER within MET in CPEandT
system radically changes the interaction of
professionals and qualified teachers with contingent
specialists of science-intensive and high-tech
industries, and contributes to the effective organization
of skills development
There are many ways to improve the decisionmaking
process, but, with a big amount of data and
complexity of decision-making trees, it's becoming
more and more complicated to keep up with the flow
of information coming from many spheres of modern
life. Therefore, the development of various problemsolving
approaches has become an important step in
changing the face of existing technological systems.
This idea appeared in the work of an American scientist
J. Perl who, in 1988, founded a new probabilistic
approach to artificial intelligence and developed
principles of Bayesian Network. Bayesian Network is
a graphical model that represents a set of random
variables and their conditional dependencies. In the
article, the most valuable parts of the given topic
have been reviewed, cognitive maps have been compared
with their partial manifestation - Bayesian
Network; also, one of the options to practically use
such models in the audit field has been analyzed by
observing a possible decision-making process of giving
a modified or unmodified opinion
The article examines the main trends in foreign direct
investment (FDI) in the Russian Federation and the
Republic of Tatarstan, as well as it analyzes the
structure and the dynamics of the inflow of foreign
direct investment in Russia and the Republic of
Tatarstan. The emergence of new investment projects
and the increase in production volume are due to
receiving investments in the country and in the region.
Unfortunately, there are still problems in the way of
receipt of investments in the Russian economy and its
subjects, which are formulated in the article and that
require solutions. On an example of the economy of
the Republic of Tatarstan we have analyzed an inflow
of foreign direct investments for 2010 – 2013, as well
as the dynamics, sectoral and geographical structure of
income from investments. We consider the strategy of
attracting foreign investors to the region on the
example of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article
proposes key measures aimed at improving the
investment climate, improving the competitiveness of
industries. All these activities will positively
contribute to the inflow of foreign investments into the
economy of the country and its regions. Foreign direct
investment can serve as a mechanism for increasing
Russia's competitiveness in the global economy, and
help to integrate into the international economic
system more active
The features of the process of functioning, development
and regulation of agricultural growth of small
agrarian farming forms (SAFF) with the participation
of the state are discussed. It is noted that systematization
of features of small agricultural farms plays a
big role in the increasing of economic efficiency and
state regulation. It is said that in certain circumstances,
the same features can have both positive and negative,
problematic impact, so the authors conducted
their separate classification. They consider a great
influence of SAFF on local development, rural employment,
tax and social preferences, opportunities
of cooperation, low costs and risks to create new
jobs, informal management, combining the functions
of manager and owner in one person, a high sensitivity
to government regulation, protection of the population
from the local monopoly of employers, selfdevelopment,
responsibility, self-defense from external
factors, and others to be positive. But SAFF
work in the environment of perfect competition in
the absence of market power, low, often only declared
security, an underdeveloped industrial infrastructure
of small farms, a high probability of unauthorized
interference from shadow entities, supervisory
bodies, local bureaucracy, institutional limitations
in the access to information, counseling material
and financial resources, low mobility, small size of
economy, high dependence on local conditions, capacity
of local raw material and consumer market,
limited distribution channels, permanent market volatility,
distrust of the practice of production and consumer
cooperatives, the scarcity of capital, problematic
accessibility to financial instruments, the high
cost of credit, low legitimacy, the credibility of the
decisions of the local bureaucracy is considered to be negative
It is said, that small agrarian economy takes an important
place in the market economy, creates new
jobs, new sources of income in excessing labor resources
of the rural sector .The transformational
stages of small business development, motivation of
starting up cooperation, conditions of formation of
mixed economy is discussed. The development of
diverse economic forms is considered here. The main
ones are: small agricultural farms with low technical
and energy equipment of labor, low level of mechanization
and high level of manual labor. Small agricultural
businesses were developed in the provision
of production services in agriculture; the production
of small agricultural forms of management that are
embedded in a complex system of relations between
technological specialization with medium and large
businesses; small farms, which are independently or
in cooperation aimed at commercial implementation,
development and realization of innovations. It is
shown that today's best practices in support of small
business implement a number of avenues to reduce
tax contributions to the pension funds of entities that
use high technology; the use of tax holidays on property;
the abolition of tax on profits of small industries,
obtained through the sale of paper funds and
other assets; the extension of preferential privatization
rented small industries of real estate, with exemption
from payment of tax on value added; the
provision of annual financial aid packages to small
businesses; the transfer to the budgets of the municipalities
collected payment for the sale of patents
from small entrepreneurial activity and other areas of
support. The necessity of improving the economic
instruments, replacement of the existing inefficient structure of domestic small entities, a greater motivation
in creating new jobs, raising the living level of
participants of subjects of small forms of managing
An algorithm of phase analysis as the instrument of
nonlinear dynamics' methods used to study cyclic recurrence
of time series is viewed in current article. The
existing classical econometric methods for estimating
cyclic recurrence developed for random systems which
dynamics matches to the normal distribution. However,
there also exists non-random systems characterized
by trends, periodic and non-periodic cycles called quasicycles.
An example of computing process of identifying
quasicycles is illustrated on time series of all
grain yields in Russia for the last 119 years. Phase
portrait of this time series is illustrated in twodimension
space. As a result, the phase portrait consists
of 22 frequently unstable quasicycles which tottality
forms a strange attractor. Quasicycles have quantitative
(length) and quality (configuration) characteristics.
Their combination defines very important characteristic
called trend-stability. Phase analysis is a powerful
form of analysis of time series to assess cyclic
recurrence and is a tool for pre-forecasting analysis.
Fuzzy sets' mathematical apparatus is also used in this
article. An algorithm of formation of fuzzy sets' quasicycles'
length is also presented here. Quasicycles' statistics
are presented in tables, geometric patterns and in
the form of fuzzy sets
The article reveals the basic concepts, purpose and
classification of HRM systems used to manage the
organization's staff. The analysis of the international
and Russian market of HRM-systems and selected
alternatives (seven information systems) of this class
focused on the Russian practice of large and mediumsized
businesses has been performed. The process of
implementing an information system involves
selecting the system that best suited to the needs of the
business. For this purpose, there were developed
evaluation criteria of information systems and their
importance for the company. This stage of research
was conducted through a survey of experts from
among the University staff and practitioners. As a
result, we have obtained the matrix of evaluations of
alternative information systems of HRM and selected
class "1C: Salary and personnel management 8".
Research demos of the selected HRM system allowed
developing a functional model, presented in the form
of complex diagrams of cases of modeling language
UML 2.0. The developed diagrams clearly reflect the
allocated subsystems and their functions, as well as the
relationship between the actors of the process and
system functions. Summarizing the experience of
implementing similar systems, we composed a smartchart
showing the main stages of its implementation.
The results have practical value and can be used by
companies of the considered business segment as
specific recommendations
The article examines the factors, which influence the
formation of the market of poultry production. Agricultrual
producers have developed diversified business
channels, which depend on the nature of the
economic interests of the owners of farms, local
market conjuncture, the level of development of its
own product processing and logistics structures. The
growing share of imports has created a tangible
threat to food security and the increasing dependence
of megalopolises and big cities on import, in
addition long-term relationaships have been destroyed
within the existing socialist system, increased
prices disparity. Only at the beginning of the
21st century Russian poultry industry started to get
rid of the consequences of liberal market reforms. In
many ways, the development of industry were contributed
by the realization of the priority national
project «Development of agriculture» and by the
State program of development of agriculture and
regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw
materials and food for 2008-2012. However, the
modernization of poultry subcomplex was mainly
catching and accompanied by increasing dependence
on imports cross, equipment, premixes and feed.
Poultry organizations have high debt on loans, subsidies
for reimbursement of the cost of interest com
unevenly, putting poultry farms in a disastrous situation.
In 2014, Russia has 21 region – poultry donor
(where the volume of domestic production exceeds
consumption) and 61 recipient regions (where the
volume of domestic production is less than consumption)
The article presents the methods of specialists’ distribution
for a consulting company between its projects in
accordance with the methodology of dynamic programming
for expected profit maximization.
For its implementation, a mathematical model is being
formed with nonlinear objective function and linear
restrictions. The non-linearity of the objective function
is due to the specifics of consulting companies and
their size. The model includes probability parameters
determined by expert evaluations method based on previous
experience of the company in the analogical
works and describing successful implementation of
each project in its portfolio. Then the parameter and
function of the state, satisfying recurrence are considered
and linear replacement is performed to reserve a
minimum number of experts on each job. The article
gives a hypothetical example of a consulting company,
including in its portfolio five projects with the mentioned
profits in case of their success. On its basis, the
developed method is implemented as a 5-step procedure
of modeling of unknown parameters. Economic
impact of the methods’ application is estimated . The
developed model and method can be used by specialists
in consulting companies, as well as in service industries
This article is an attempt to improve the work on the
organization of the audit of the effectiveness of the
internal control of business processes of economic
agents of the market, has been successfully tested in
practice, internal audit of a number of agricultural
holdings of the Krasnodar region. The results of these
internal audits, organized in accordance with the
procedure provided, can provide substantial assistance
in the construction management personnel of the
sound system of internal control
In the article we have given a critical assessment of
credit scoring by American economist D. Duran, we
have grounded the developing of his method for the
domestic economic conditions. The unacceptability of
D. Duran’s method for the analysis of financial
condition of domestic economic entities is explained
by the following reasons: 1) the imperfection of the
hierarchy of indicators of credit scoring, and 2) the
imperfection of differentiation of scoring for the actual
value of the indicators, forming the credit scoring by
groups of firms. In the methodology of D. Duran the
main indicator is a level of credit scoring profitability
of total assets - for the first class of firms, that are the
most financially stable, the authors have given a rating
of "50 points" for the actual value of the profitability
of 30%; the second most important indicator by the
author’s choice is the ratio of current liquidity - for the
actual value of the coefficient "of 2.0 and higher," are
given 30 points to a first-class firms; the third indicator
of the financial condition of firms author has defined
as the ratio of the financial independence - for the first
group of firms the actual value of the coefficient "of
0.7 and higher," are assessed 20 points. In the fifth, the
last group of firms, numerical score is 0 (for the actual
return on total assets "of less than 1%", as the value of
the current liquidity ratio "of 1.0 or less," for the
coefficient of financial independence "less than 0.2").
For assessment of the financial condition of the
domestic agricultural producers, a priority in the
hierarchy of indicators, in our opinion, has the ratio of
financial independence, which is formed mainly by
retained earnings. Our researches have shown that the
numerical score of the coefficient value "of 0.8 and above" should be 50 points. The second most
important in the assessment of the financial condition
of the organization, in our opinion, is the profitability
of total assets; its actual value "of 5% and above"
should correspond to score 30 points. The third in the
system of indicators, characterizing the financial
condition, is the ratio of current liquidity of the assets.
Its actual value "of 3.2 and above" should be evaluated
in 20 points for the agricultural organizations of the
first, most financially stable, group
The system of indicators characterizing the financial
condition of a commercial organization, the major
thing is profitability of its operations as the ratio of
profit on sales and revenues, the ratio of profit before
tax and the average annual value of total assets, the
ratio of net profit and the average value of all assets,
net income and average equity. Great practical
importance for the efficient management of resources
economic entity is marginal analysis, but it requires, in
our opinion, improvement. In the academic literature
on management analysis it is recommended to
determine the relative value of the stock of financial
strength ratio of the absolute value of the stock of
financial strength and actual revenue; financial
headroom suggested determined by the difference
between the actual value of revenue and earnings, the
corresponding break-even point. The relative value of
the stock of financial strength should be determined, in
our opinion, the ratio of the absolute value of the stock
of financial strength and the amount of revenue in the
break-even point. Recommended in textbooks relative
value of the stock of financial strength is a share of
stock of financial strength in the actual revenue. The
method of rating the financial condition of commercial
organizations (credit scoring of the American
economist D. Durant) return on total assets is also a
priority index, largely determining the solvency and
liquidity of the balance sheet, the financial stability of
the business entity. However, in practice the
profitability of the invested capital is not always
characterized by an optimal investment
For the analysis of the effectiveness and the efficiency
of entrepreneurial activity of organizations we apply a
system of indexes, characterizing the level of the use
of production resources: labor, floorspace, average
annual cost of the combined assets, average annual
cost of circulating assets, including supplies, average
annual cost of own capital, production expenses,
including financial expenses. As a quantitative result
of activity of managing subject we use volume cost
indexes, characterizing an effect: gross products are in
current prices; profit yield from sales; gross revenue;
income from sales; income to taxation; net income [1,
2, 3]. The high-quality indexes of efficiency of the use
of production resources: gross products in current
prices on an average annual worker; profit yield from
sales on an average annual worker; gross. The
analogical set of indexes of efficiency is applied,
determining correlation of different types of effect and
other resources. That determine an index,
characterizing correlation of gross products in current
prices and floorspace (in agricultural organizations we
use 1 ga of lands, in point-of-sale – 1 m2
of point-ofsale
area, in industry – 1 m2
of floorspace of factory,
factory, workshop); correlation of profit yield from
sales and floorspace; correlation of different. Then we
determine indexes, characterizing correlation of
different types of effect and average annual cost of the
combined assets, correlation of different types of effect
and average annual cost of circulating assets,
production supplies, property asset, production
expenses, and financial expenses. In obedience to
methodical positions of analysis of indexes,
characterizing the results of activity of managing
subjects, we probe the dynamics of indexes for the last
3 – 5 years with the purpose of exposure of it.
Important in research of indexes and efficiency of
entrepreneurial activity is the use of factor analysis,
allowing defining a quantitative measure influence of
factors on the change of analyzable index, to ground
backlogs of increase of efficiency. Most acceptable in
the analysis of influence of factors there is a reception
of chain substitution on the dynamics of indexes of efficiency of the use of production resources
The article substantiates theoretical aspects of the
formation of a land market. It is shown that there
is a problem of insufficient knowledge of its
formation. The article lists the features of land as
part of the natural environment, a factor of
production, part of the capital, a real estate object,
defining features of the land market. It is shown
that supply in the land market in the short term is
elastically, despite the fixed supply at any given
moment, and inelastically in the long term. We
substantiated expediency evaluation of public and
private land market in terms of turnover, which
expresses the ratio of the total land area of
transactions in the segmental markets to the total
amount of land in some form of ownership. We
proposed to evaluate the development potential of
the turnover of the analyzed segment of public
sector land market with the help of the
methodology of growth curves. This work
presents internal and external macroeconomic
factors and institutions that form the infrastructure
of the land market. It concludes about the need to
improve the institutions of valuation of land, land
banks, information base, land management and
real estate cadastre. We proposed to study the
land market from the standpoint of neoinstitutionalism.
In accordance with the theory of
Ronald Coase, this work shows the significance
of transaction costs for the development of the
land market. We clarified the classification of the
transaction costs arising before and after the
transaction O. Williamson, in relation to the land
market and concluded on the need to reduce them.
We substantiated the necessity of state regulation
of the land market, improvement of economic
land management practices
There was given the definition and there were cited
the criteria of food safety of the country. There was
substantiated the necessity of ecological-landscape
organization of the territories of agricultural
organizations with the aim of decision of food safety.
There were cited the peculiarities of land as a natural
object and the object of land relations. There was
cited the qualitative condition of agricultural areas of
the Krasnodar region – the susceptibility to erosion,
the content of humus, indicators of nutrient balance in
soil. There were identified the environmental
problems in the use of agricultural lands in
agricultural production. It is concluded that the
existing zonal systems of agricultural management do
not take into account the full landscape diversity in
the region. Using GIS-technologies there were
determined the boundaries of five landscapes of the
Krasnodar region and agricultural areas on types and
degrees of erosion process manifestation. There was
given the characteristics of natural-climatic, soil and
ecological peculiarities of steppe plain landscapes
with ploughed steppes. There was substantiated the
system of ecological-economic indexes of assessment
of landscape systems of land management. There was
determined the percentage ratio of areas as cropland:
forest: meadow within the boundaries of the natural
landscapes. There were calculated the main indexes of
ecological assessment of flat plain landscapes with
ploughed steppes. There were formulated the tasks of
ecological-landscape organization of the territory of
agricultural enterprises. On the state level there were
substantiated the offers on increase of effectiveness of
use of agricultural areas in agrarian production
The significance of humus content in soils of the
Krasnodar region is decreased. Losses amount is 0,03-
0,05 % every year. The main means of preservation of
soil fertility is the introduction of such organic fertilizers
as manure. The availability of manure’s use has
decreased significantly in connection with the reduction
of livestock in agricultural organizations of the
Krasnodar region. It causes the necessity of searching
of other ways of replenishing of soil fertility. The challenge
is to ensure a positive balance of organic matter
in soil without application of manure. The reproduction
of the soil fertility can be achieved at the expense
of proper selection of agricultural cultivars in the crop
rotation and provision of optimal structure of sown
areas. The modeling of the structure of sown areas
using the developed economic-mathematical model
allows to determine the optimal composition and the
areas of crops for maximum gross or net income with a
positive balance of humus. It is proposed to use the
general indicators of economic evaluation - gross or
net income, increased (decreased) in the value added
of (left) humus to assess the effectiveness of land use.
The calculations were made on the example of the Ltd
Company “Vorontsovskoe” of Dinskoy District, they
may be adopted for any agricultural organization
The given school for young scientists has become a
platform for the exchange of scientific knowledge
between young and experienced scientists,
practitioners, representatives of power structures.
Including before its participants were representatives
of CEMI RAS, Moscow state University, St.
Petersburg state University, Financial University under
the Government of the Russian Federation, Public
chamber of the Russian Federation, foreign
universities (University of new Brunswick (Canada);
well-known scientists from leading universities of the
South of Russia. The main organizers of this school
were the Krasnodar branch of Financial University
under the Government of the Russian Federation, the
Krasnodar regional public charitable Foundation of
"Scientific and educational initiatives of Kuban"
Social Sciences and Humanities
It has been proved that theoretical scientific models
created as a result of the learning process, reflect
not the reality of "what it really is" and only the
reality "what it is" in the process of interaction with
tools of empirical knowledge, i.e. the organs of
perception of a certain organism that supports a
corresponding form of consciousness, experimental
instruments and information-measuring systems of
a certain functional level. Examples and consequences
of the major mistakes that have been historically
made by scientists for the substantial interpretation
of theoretical scientific models: this
error is unwarranted giving the model the ontological
status ("hypostatizations") and its associated
error model giving the status of universality. The
history of the emergence and development of science
was viewed as a process of sequential application
of natural scientific method to the study of
objects of knowledge, previously studied in the
framework of philosophy. We have formulated a
promising idea of solving problems of philosophy
of natural science methods. In the framework of
implementation of this idea, we have proposed a
natural-scientific formulation and solution of the
basic question of philosophy. This new scientific
concept of "Relatively objective and Relatively
subjective" and discusses the relationship of the
content of these concepts from forms of consciousness.
The article gives a natural-scientific definition
of consciousness and offers periodic multi-criteria
classification of forms of consciousness, including
49 forms of consciousness: the 7 types of 7 consciousness
and cognition methods. It examines the
dialectics of the changing ideological paradigms
from antiquity to the present day and a place of
scientific paradigms in the process. It also describes
the law of denial-denial in the change of ideological
paradigms and on the basis; it explores the hypothesis
about the main features of the future ideological
paradigm, formed in the present. We have
formulated the correct principles of interpreting
scientific models of natural-scientific method –
scientific method of induction and the principles of
open consciousness, i.e. the principles, opening the
way for the formation of new, improved and more adequate models of reality than the existing ones
which were considered the only true models
The article analyzes the effect of simulation pattern
arrangement and its components for purposes of
ideological subjection of mass man who is a perfect
consumer for falsely-created needs. Successful
functioning of the system affects directly to attainment
of all required goals of consumer society, among them
the primary is a permanent linear growth. Simulacras
presuppose three evolution levels. Modern society has
already passed margin of last level. To restrain power
over masses, control structures steer peak impact to
reinforcement of men undercover fears. By means of
mass media, general negative ambience is framed to
probable threads amplification. It causes mass men for
permanent fear living. The whole public structure is
permeated by ideological effect simulacras, especially
it concerns trade as a locomotive element of consumer
society
This article reviews interpretative position of
prominent German philosopher and psychologist Erich
Fromm on mass men destructiveness analysis. As a
rule, to reach a goal of well-balanced embedding into
consumer society structure, mass man passes through
stages of deindividualization and common averaging
by accepting prescribed general postulates of society’s
authorities. Nevertheless, own personality refusal and
‘rules of the game’ following adduct to moral
degradation, which causes destructiveness
phenomenon. Out of socio-political regimen,
destructiveness appears in attempts of ‘freedom
escape’ by any possible means. Totalitarian regimen
ideologically steers mass men through total subjection
to defined life track by agreement of individuality
sacrifice. Democratically-minded consumer societies
require deindividualization and partly rights pinching
in exchange of status consumption system integration.
Any patterns of counteraction to these system
processes are commenced by personal activity
manifestation and motivation in reaching own goals.
However, conformist majority is meant to live
according to ideologically defined society rules
The anthropologism is traditionally considered the
main feature of Russian philosophy. The article
reviews some anthropological ideas that have received
natural development in such direction of thought as
philosophical realism in the 2nd part of XIX century.
Philosophical realism is positioned as a trend that has
emerged within the mainstream of the basic traditions
of Russian philosophy. It is noted that this direction is
defined as an independent, in the wake of the
strengthening of Russian science as a new cognitive
paradigm. Substantively, philosophical realism is
presented with the theories and concepts of the natural
sciences developed in the 2nd part of XIX century.
The realistic outlook, ripening in the Science
environment, not only supported the anthropological
tradition of Russian thought but put them on a
scientific basis. It was dominated by the view that only
by using scientific methods can reveal the objective
laws of coexistence between man, nature and society.
The article deals with the anthropological theories of
Russian thinkers such as A.N. Radishchev,
A.I. Galich, N.G. Chernyshevsky. The anaysis shows
that realistic outlook in the natural sciences in the area
of human theory relies on the principles of integrity,
panmoralizm, cosmism. The conclusion is that the
philosophical concepts by realistic scientists are out of
attention of modern scholars. In the meantime, the
study of these theories can make a significant
contribution to the practical experience of
comprehension of reality, as well as help to discover
new sides of the domestic, national philosophy
The article solves a problem of correlation of different
forms of cognition such as philosophy and religion in
the ontological process, which is refers as a dialectical
unity of the becoming of being and thinking. The
definition of the logical form of the individual stages
of cognition appears possible only in
case that they are the special forms of determination of
the universal form of being, which for them is a
universal content. The special definition of the
universal form of being through certain forms of
cognition is a logical necessity ontological process. Its
subdividing into three stages is mediated by exact
historical incarnation of three logical forms, which in
the sphere of cognition correspond: art/myth;
religion/science; philosophy. On the basis of the
identity of the content of philosophy and religion,
which is the universal form of being, it is argued that
their identity is at the last stage of the becoming of
culture is the result of realization of this form in the
idea of concrete identity. Its concrete manifestation in
all aspects of being and thinking completes itself an
ontological process, turning it into the system, which is
infinitely determined by the logical form. The idea of
concrete identity, which is the ideal purpose and actual
result of a becoming of being, leaving nothing in it
abstract and indeterminate, fully expresses itself in
ideal by the form, the universal notion. Since in the
notion of the subject and object, thinking and being,
the spirit and the nature they completely coincide, then
the universal notion is a concrete manifestation of the
universal subject – the absolute person, eternally
united in all their attributes. The concept of the idea of
concrete identity, arising not only in philosophy, but
also in religion – in an image of the absolute person,
by means of their associations at the highest stage of
development, reaches the limit point of its definition
Social Sciences and Humanities
This article is dedicated to the necessity of the local
material use at English language classes in nonlinguistic
universities, which is caused by Kuban
development in the frame of the Russian Federation
and on the international level. For the proper
realization of the Kuban component, some methodical
principles are recommended which define the contents
of this material at English classes in non-linguistic
universities and facilitate its correct realization in
class. General didactic and special principles in
connection with Kuban realties are shown and they
make the process of regional material studies effective
and methodically correct, define its contents in
accordance with the program demands to English in
non-linguistic universities
The article is devoted to an originality of steady
structures in the communicative sphere of sport. The
definition of a sports discourse is given, the specific
character of users in different conditions of
communication is analyzed, e.g. specially prepared
professionals; the wide audience not always owning
sports terminology; sports fans. The use of a definition
‘the steady verbal complexes’ (SVC) is proved.
Phraseological units and non - phraseological units are
distinguished from variety of steady units. Actually
phraseological units (idioms), most often in the
transformed form, function in the speech of fans – the
so-called slang of sports fans, realizing methods of
language game. In the professional communication,
demanding special preparation, terminological units
are used among which there are the matrix structures
revealed and described in this article for the first time.
We understand the stereotypic speech structure
assuming possibility of replacement of components
as a matrix. Most often, it is a binomial structure with
the subordinative relations between components one of
which is invariable, basic, and the second varies. The
steady verbal complexes of nominative character
having an appearance of collocations are peculiar to
the sports publications focused on wide reader's
audience. Along with the most commonly used, not
one-word nominations from different types of sport,
mass media apply all-sports USK, and also units,
typical for journalism, quickly representing sports
events. In the article the possibilities of a variation of
steady structures in different types of a sports
discourse are observed
The article deals with media genres in Russian and
foreign journalism in the conditions of modern realia.
The researches of this sphere find some reasons,
caused by different approaches and criteria existing
in different language systems as in Russia, as in
abroad. The author of the article has been studying
scientists’ works to point out some definitions of
genres. In Anglo-American journalism genres have
the category of sub-genres, including news report, the
news interview, or the news headline. It is also
pointed out that with the development of new
information technologies many journalistic genres
loose its timeliness. They are sketch, satirical article,
editorial, press review, other (interview, comment,
essay) – in the contrary, increase its existence. New
genres are noted, among them are journalistic
investigation, confession, version, conversation, press
release. In spite of the variety of genres, theorists
note their irregularity and migration from one sphere
into another (lecture, debates, cross examination).
Among all, there are new genres such as Rapinfo –
news in patter and fatics which helps to contact with
reader, forge and boost links with audience
This article is devoted to the development of the social
aspects of the concept of "Friend" in Russian dating from
the 12th century. The article describes the main stages of
formation of the concept "Friend", states the social
aspects of its development, as well as their reflection in
the semantics of the Russian words. Based on the works
of authoritative linguists, we found out that the
conceptual sphere of language is undergoing changes,
depending on the social and historical factors – it may be
restricted, expanded, changed in its evaluation, the
disappearance of parts of concepts or even the whole
concepts may occur, which are naturally reflected in the
vocabulary of the language. In addition, such a
phenomenon as a change in the nominative density of the
concept can be observed, which is the loss of some of the
nominations and / or acquisition of new ones. The
considered concept "Friend" is defined in the article as a
non-parametric, non-regulatory, socio-specific concept,
which usage depends on the specifics of the society in
which it is used. The analysis of the concept "Friend"
usage based on the material of different literary,
documentary and historical sources showed that the social
sphere of functioning of the concept "Friend" from the
12th to the 20th century includes the sphere of generic
communication, non-blood everyday social contacts,
trade and other economic relations, warfare and
communication at the highest levels
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article examines the historical conditions and the
legal regulation of the Crimean Khanate territory
joining to the Russian Empire in 1783 and formation
of Taurian District as a new specific administrative
and territorial unit. Specific characteristics of Taurian
District are highlighted, as well as tasks that region
faced due to its geographical position and constant
wars between Russian empire and Ottoman Porte.
Attention is paid to the factors that led to the creation
of the district but not the viceroyalty, in contrast to
other areas joined in the same time. The different
examples of understanding of the term "distrist" –
"oblast" – in science and language are given. The
author clarifies certain features of the district, which
were not taken into account in deriving the scientific
definition of the district by Dambaeva O.P. Decrees
and their background issued by the legislator are
characterized. The problems of an administrative
nature encountered by the legislator in the face of
Empress Catherine II and her representative governor
Grigory Potemkin-Tavricheski, and then by Platon
Zubov are highlighted. Among these problems there
were emphasized the transfer of ownership of the
Tatars property who left the territory, as well as the
creation of an accurate map of newly joined territory
This article is devoted to the study of peculiarities of
legal regulation of the employment of athletes. Sport
has become an important part of the vital activity of
the entire human society long ago, and, problems of
legal regulation of the employment of athletes attached
great importance both in Russia and abroad. In
addition to international acts, the Constitution of the
RF and the Labour code, labour relations and other
directly related to them between athletes and their
employers are governed by many various acts,
regulations – federal laws, regulations, treaties,
agreements, statutes of sport organizations, sport
regulations. Therefore in practice exist a lot of
problems and may will be more in the application of
labour laws and other normative legal acts on labour
rights and guarantees of professional athletes and
coaches. We must take into account not only all
sources but also, primarily, the specificity of the scope
of their regulatory relationships. The authors consider
that the normative legal basis, as well as the ratio of
labour and special sports legislation studied explicitly
is not sufficient and require further research, that
indicates the relevance of the topic. The authors not
only analyzed modern legislation, researched statistics,
scientific literature on the topic, but also revealed the
gaps and problems in the regulation and suggested
measures for the improvement and further
development of the Russian labour legislation in the
sphere of sport. Special attention is given to the term
"sudden death of an athlete," and so, the procedure of
compulsory insurance of professional athletes must be
resolved. It is proposed to introduce the terms " sport
season", "sports" Athlete Passport, complement and
greatly extend guarantees and compensations to
athletes and coaches of pay, working hours,
termination of employment, labour and social
protection
The article discusses the concept of species, the
essential terms and the grounds of the pledge in
Indian law, and especially the pledge agreement in the
legal practice of India
The authors of the article examine the relationship
between the criminal process and investigative activity
taking into consideration the requirements of the
Criminal Procedure Law and the Law on Investigative
Activities in the Russian Federation. Such important
issues as main tasks and principles of the criminal
process and investigative activity are considered in the
article. The authors analyze interrelations of some
investigative actions and operational search as well as
the order of introduction and usage of the results of the
investigative activities at the stage of criminal case
initializing and in the course of investigative activities.
The authors also pay attention to the data which must
be submitted in the report or memorandum on the
prepared or being committed crime giving grounds for
criminal case initializing
The article presents the concept of group methods of
investigation of crimes against a family and minors.
There was briefly investigated the concept of criminal
– legal characteristics of specific offences against the
family, which are common. The general positions for
the questions about criminalistic characteristics were
reviewed. We have justified the conclusion about the
essence of a group technique of investigation of crimes
against a family and minors
The article analyses the criminal and budgetary
legislation in the field of non-targeted spending
of budgetary funds. Research of the official
statistics provided by the General Prosecutor’s
Office of the Russian Federation from 2003 to
2014 showed a decrease in the facts of nontargeted
spending of budgetary funds, that,
according to the authors, is a sign of high level
of latency, because law enforcement and
financial control authorities are facing
difficulties at a stage of identification of this
crime and proof of data obtained during the
investigative measures. The authors of the article
paid special attention to the analysis of the
elements of the non-targeted spending of
budgetary funds. The different points of view of
the object of this crime are considered. At
disclosure of objective features, the authors point
to the terminological differences between the
Criminal code of the Russian Federation and the
Budgetary code of the Russian Federation that,
undoubtedly, in practice disturb the correct
qualification of the actions. By consideration the
subject of non-targeted spending of budgetary
funds, materials of criminal cases have been
studied which allowed to reveal obvious gaps of
the criminal law in this sphere. The authors
formulated the proposals for improving the
legislation by inclusion of the qualifying features
and addition the third part of article that,
certainly, has to be reflected in differentiation of
criminal responsibility
Social Sciences and Humanities
The relevance of an effective system of professional
development for science-intensive and high-tech
industries demonstrates not only the need to promptly
respond to the global challenges of the modern
economy, but also the presence of professionals able to
reform the Russian economy in conditions of adverse
effects of the sanctions. The leading role in these
processes is assigned to highly qualified staff, which is
formed in the process of training specialists within the
system of continuous professional education and
training (CPEandT). Expansion of the use of the
system of CPEandT in modern educational technology
(MET) opens new possibilities for advanced training
and monitoring of this process by formalizing
mechanisms of didactic content. We have developed
specific mechanisms of formalization of the bestknown
relationship between the information flow of
didactic content and scope of knowledge of
professional disciplines plan of professional
development, as well as the possibility of their use for the monitoring of the process. The article discloses
mechanisms of formalization of the process of
professional development for science-intensive and
high-tech industries, which will actively contribute to
their successful implementation and monitoring
This article is devoted to the problem of training of
University teachers-psychologists for work with
children with deviant behavior. The situation in
cultural and social life of Russia of the early 21st
century (globalization, technical progress, the advent
of mass culture and large-scale migration processes) is
considered by the author as the basis for reducing the
level of psychological health, the increase of
destructive forms of communication and interaction of
participants of various social groups, increasing on the
background of socio-economic and ethno-cultural
contradictions, the distribution of dependent forms of
behavior, violations of the overall process of
socialization and mainstreaming issues of personal
development as part of vocational education at the
University. The article includes analysis of practical
experience of training teachers-psychologists who are
ready to work with children with deviant behavior in
the regional classic University. The author analyzes
the possibility of organizing the educational process
(the ratio of theoretical and practical forms of training,
different types of practices, the use of various
interactive technologies), conditions of realization of
educational programs and opportunities of a particular
University
The aim of the study is to examine the educational
system in the national pedagogy in chronological order
In this article, we describe the experience of formation
and creating illustrative images for the course called
«Bioethics and questions of bio safety». The
peculiarity of this course is to review bioethical
problems in the context of concrete scientific activities
of the biologist – research, experimental work. The
part of the course issues related to Bio safety, is
revealed as an interdisciplinary area of knowledge
focusing on the identification, study and understanding
of biological practice and biological research
associated with broad philosophical and moral
component. The main blocks have been identified,
which form visual resources: animals in the
experiment, the questions of bioethics in the media; the
metamorphosis of the human body; chimeras in works
of art. In the selection of illustrative images we have
taken into account several aspects: illustration, as an
information resource for the analysis of the studied
phenomenon; illustration, as a form of motivation to
seek information, the answer to the question;
illustration, as an element of ethical education of the
student to different issues of bioethics. For each
semantic unit collected 20-30 illustrative images
within two years. They are used both when reading a
lecture course and as material for independent work of
students. It is shown that the presented visual resources
for the course reflect the basic components of visual
thinking: linear; structural; combinatorial and
functional
The article discusses the contemporary agrobotanical
illustration, as an integral part of scientific and educational
work. For the analysis of the issue, we set up
the basis of illustrative images, which acted as the
test material. It has been shown that visual images
serve as the material for the development of visual
thinking students are taught to read information,
which represents the worksheet, to think and to create
something new. The article considers art of graphics
pencil using a computer-drawing program with processing
in Photoshop. There are mixed techniques
(mixed media), based on the use of traditional drawing
and herbarium specimen, processed in Photoshop
in the color. Another new direction of contemporary
agroillustration is infographics. Its using in educational
and scientific process is determined by the fact
that infographics involves analytical processing of
quantitative data obtained during the experiment. On
the other hand, the data is needed to visualize, execute
and present. A new direction in contemporary
agro-botanical illustration is plant images taken with
X-rays. The modern level of requirements to create
images is high enough and it must be taken into account
when carrying out scientific experiments, when
it is necessary to demonstrate the object of research
results. Modern agroillustration can be processed
using various systems of artificial intelligence, pattern
recognition, for example, the system named
“Edos”
Collectivism is a sense of solidarity with a group,
self-awareness a part of it, the willingness to act in
favor of the group and society. Fostering
collectivism in childhood and adolescence teams
achieved in various ways and means: the
organization of cooperation and mutual aid in
study, work, social work; joint participation of
children and adolescents in cultural and sporting
events; bringing perspectives of the guys in front of
prospects (performance targets) and joint
participation in their implementation; the
revitalization of children's and youth public
organizations. Some of these ways and means may
be combined under one name, socio-cultural
animation. Socio-cultural animation is an effective
teaching method in the education of the younger
generation, its focus on individuality, free
environment , discovery and development of
personal qualities and skills, the formation of
worldview can be traced in pedagogy. The article
discusses the pedagogical aspect of the impact of
socio-cultural animation, organized in conditions of
free communication, encourages meaningful
exchange of cultural wealth, forming esthetic
attitude towards reality, mastering wide range of
special knowledge, expertise and skills. These
activities contribute to the emotional development
of children and adolescents, causing a feeling of
collective empathy, compassion, sharing feelings
of emotional and moral atmosphere and its cocreation
Health Sciences
Uterine cancer is the sixth on prevalence of cancer
among women in developed countries. Hyper-estrogen
level by endogenous or exogenous origin plays the
leading role in this disease pathogenesis. This study
purpose was investigating the expression of genetic
loci responsible for the estrogen reception and
metabolism to better understanding of the molecular
mechanisms of uterine tissues malignancy. We
investigated the relative expression of genes (CYP1A
1, CYP1A 2, CYP1B 1, CYP19A, ESR1, ESR2, GPER,
STS, SULT1A and SULT1E1) by real-time PCR in
tumor and conditionally healthy uterine tissues of 27
female patients in Southern Russia aged 38-72 years
with histologically confirmed diagnosis of uterine
cancer. It is found that transcription activity of these
genes during malignancy of uterine tissues depends of
female patients age and the stage of tumor cells
differentiation. It is found that malignancy change in
the transcriptional activity of investigated genes in
uterine tissue depends of patients age and stage of
tumor cells differentiation. Particularly, it was found,
that changes of gene transcription balance of enzymes
that provide sulfation and hydrolysis of steroid sulfates is depending of patient age and the degree of tumor
cells differentiation. In addition, the sinking of gene
expression of nuclear estrogen receptor ESR1 as
lowering cell differentiation of tumor tissues. We have
also shown gene expression of nuclear estrogen
receptor ESR1 decline as lowering cell differentiation
of tumor tissues
Via the method of visualizing the excitation in the
high frequency field there were discovered the
efferent signals in the frog medulla oblongata, which
were related to the heart rhythm
In the high frequency electric field we have revealed
afferent signals in the frog medulla oblongata for
learning the heart vago - sympathetic trunk rhythm
In this article we have listed the data concerning the
influence of the respiration depth on the parameters of
the cardiopulmonary synchronism depending on the
personality type
Using the of rate regulatory-adaptive status we can
make a prediction for adaptation of patients to fixed
teeth
The index definition of regulatory-adaptive status in
women with the threat of termination of pregnancy in
the first trimester is a highly predictor of pregnancy
outcome and should be used in obstetric hospitals and
antenatal clinics
The aim of the research is to assess the effect of
different kinds of non-drug correction of climacteric
disorders on the sexual function in female patients
with metabolic syndrome during the period of fading
of the ovaries. The research includes 330 women aged
45-50 and having metabolic symptoms. Three groups
were formed: the main group, the first control group,
and the second control group. In the main group the
non-drug treatment (diet therapy, psychotherapy,
physical therapy, exercise therapy) and the vitaminmineral
treatment were combined. In the first control
group, only non-drug treatment was used. In the
second control group, only the vitamin-mineral
treatment was used. The marital status was determined.
The female sexual function index (FSFI) was
determined based on six parameters – desire, arousal,
lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain – before the
treatment and six months after the treatment. It was
identified that sexual disorders are of complex
character in the women of the studied group; very
common is the loss of libido. The results show the
highest effectiveness of the complex approach (nondrug
treatment combined with the vitamin-mineral
treatment) in the sexual dysfunction correction in
female patients with metabolic syndrome in the
climacteric period compared to the use of only the
stated methods of non-drug treatment or only the
vitamin-mineral treatment
Trophoblast cells circulating in maternal blood may
serve as potential sources of genetic information for
screening in obstetric practice approaches to
noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. The material for the
study was whole blood of pregnant women of
gestational ages of 8-12 weeks in a volume of 10 ml.
stabilized with heparin. Enrichment was performed by
the method of gradient centrifugation and magnetic
separation (CD45–) with fluorescent staining negative
fractions labeled with antibodies to antigens of
trophoblasts (HLA-G, and Trop-2) to conduct flow
cytometry and sorting of cells on glass slides. Single
cell candidates using laser micro dissection were
transferred into a vial for subsequent whole-genome
amplification, providing sufficient representativeness
of their genome. Fetal origin of the genetic material
was confirmed by comparison of alleles of the HLA
genes of the parents and cells candidates. It is possible
to improve significantly the accuracy and versatility of
non-invasive prenatal diagnosis using comparative
genomic hybridization using chips (аCGH)
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article is devoted to the analysis of deputy orders
realisation as a part of the social programme devoted
to the improvement of the citizens’ welfare. The
regularity of the programme results’ indication is
analysed as well as the municipal management
efficiency assessment is given. Questions of social and
economic efficiency are raised